Multifunction switch incorporating NCAP liquid crystal

• US 4,789,858 A
• Filed: 06/12/1984
• Issued: 12/06/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 06/12/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tyco Electronics Corporation (TE Connectivity Ltd. (United Kingdom))
• Original Assignee: Taliq Corp. (Raychem Corporation)
• Inventors: Fergason, James L., McLaughlin, Charles W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Curtis, Marshall M.
• Application Number:
  US06/620,378
• Time in Patent Office: 1,638 Days
• Field of Search: 340/789, 340/718, 340/365 R, 340/365 C, 340/365 A, 340/365 S, 340/712, 340/365 VL, 550/711, 550/712, 550/334, 368/226, 368/227, 368/240, 368/242
• US Class Current: 345/104
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133308 Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1334 based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 13/702 with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 13/785 characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2201/028 Indium tin oxide [ITO]
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2207/004 Printed circuit tail
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2207/008 Adhesive means; Conductive adhesive
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2219/012 programmable
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2231/012 Household appliance
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2239/006 Containing a capacitive switch or usable as such
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2239/01 combined with other elements on the same substrate

Abstract

A switch apparatus comprising a nematic curvilinearly aligned phases liquid crystal material located between a pair of electrode means wherein a flexible substrate having a conductive segment formed therein may be positioned in a spaced substantially parallel relation to one of the electrode means. The flexible substrate has sufficient flexibility to deflect toward one of the electrode means in response to the application of pressure thereto so that at least a portion of the flexible substrate is deflected toward one of the electrode means to operatively couple the conductive segment to the electrode means to effect an input of information and to cause a display of the same.

Claims

1. A switch apparatus comprising a switch means having a flexible portion for inputting information and for causing a display, said switch means incorporating a liquid crystal apparatus including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to a prescribed input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means being supported by a flexible substrate in spaced substantially parallel relation to said flexible portion, wherein a change in the display is effected by application of said prescribed input by deflection of said flexible portion with at least a part of said flexible substrate also being deflected, the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means substantially resistant to flow away from the area of deflection of said part of said flexible substrate such that the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains substantially unaffected by the deflection.

2. The switch apparatus of claim 1 comprising an array of said switch means.

3. The switch apparatus of claims 1 or 2 further including electrode means for applying an electric field as said prescribed input and connection means for connecting said electrode means to a circuit means for energizing said electrode means to apply said electric field wherein said connection means allows a maximum area for the display of information.

4. The switch apparatus of claim 3 wherein said electrode means is supported by said flexible substrate and said connection means comprises a flexible extension of said flexible substrate having sufficient flexibility for interconnection of said electrode means to said circuit means.

5. The switch apparatus of claim 3 wherein said connection means comprises a flexible conductive tape.

6. The switch apparatus of claim 1 wherein said flexible portion comprises a second flexible substrate having sufficient flexibility so that at least a portion of said second flexible substrate is deflectable in response to the application of a pressure thereto to input information and to effect a display of the same.

7. The switch apparatus of claim 6 wherein one of said flexible substrates includes a flexible extension thereof for electrical interconnection to a circuit means

8. The switch apparatus of claim 6 including a flexible conductive tape for electrically interconnecting one of said flexible substrates to a circuit means.

28. A plurality of the switch apparatus of claim 1 forming a keyboard.

9. A switch, comprising:

a first flexible substrate having a first electrode means formed thereon and having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto to actuate a switch function and to cause a display visible therethrough;

a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

second electrode means located on a second substrate spaced from and substantially parallel to said first flexible substrate wherein said liquid crystal means is located between said first and second electrode means and supported by at least one of said substrates; and

at least a portion of said first flexible substrate deflectable toward said second electrode means in response to the application of said pressure to actuate said switch function and to cause a display, at least part of said pressure applied to said liquid crystal means during deflection of said first flexible substrate and said liquid crystal means substantially resistant to flow away from the point of application of said pressure such that the capability of said liquid crystal means to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure.

10. The switch apparatus of claim 9 further including connection means for connecting said electrode means to a circuit means wherein said connection means allows for a maximum area for said display.

11. The switch apparatus of claim 10 wherein said connection means comprises a flexible conductive tape.

12. The switch apparatus of claim 10 wherein said connection means includes a flexible extension of at least one of said substrates and said flexible extension has sufficient flexibility to facilitate interconnection of said electrode means to said circuit means.

13. An array of switches of claim 9 utilized to form a keyboard.

14. A switch, comprising:

a flexible substrate having a conductive segment formed thereon and having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto to input information and to cause a display;

a liquid crystal apparatus including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

a pair of electrode means for applying said electric field wherein the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means is located between said electrode means, at least one of said electrode means positioned adjacent to but spaced from said conductive segment and said electrode means adapted to effect a visual output display;

substrate means in spaced substantially parallel relation to said flexible substrate for supporting the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means, and said electrode means; and

at least a portion of said flexible substrate being deflectable in response to the application of said pressure to input information and to cause said visual output display, and at least a portion of said pressure applied to the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means and said combination substantially resistant to flow away from the point of application of said pressure such that the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure.

15. A switch apparatus, comprising:

a flexible substrate having a conductive segment formed thereon and having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto;

a liquid crystal apparatus including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

first and second substrate means between which the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means is disposed, at least one of said substrate means being flexible;

first electrode means on said first substrate means for applying said electric field;

second electrode means on said second substrate means on the side of the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means remote from said first electrode means and positioned in a spaced substantially parallel relation to said conductive segment, said first and second electrode means adapted to apply said electric field to effect a visual output display; and

at least a portion of said flexible substrate being deflectable in response to the application of said pressure to input information and to cause said visual output display, and at least a portion of said pressure applied to the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means and said combination being substantially resistant to flow away from the point of application of said pressure during deflection of said flexible substrate such that the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains unaffected by the application of said pressure.

16. A switch comprising:

a first flexible substrate means having a conductive segment formed thereon and having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto;

a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

a second flexible substrate means for supporting the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means;

first electrode means located on said second flexible substrate means;

second electrode means on a third flexible substrate means on the side of the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means remote from said second flexible substrate means, said first and second electrode means adapted to apply said electric field to effect a visual output display visible through said first flexible substrate means;

third electrode means on said third flexible substrate means on the side thereof remote from said second electrode means, said third electrode means positioned in a spaced substantially parallel relation to said conductive segment; and

at least a portion of said first flexible substrate means being deflectable toward said third electrode means in response to the application of said pressure so that said conductive segment is brought into contact with said third electrode means to effect an input of information and to apply said electric field to cause said visual output display, at least a portion of said pressure applied to the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means and said combination substantially resistant to flow away from the point of application of said pressure such that the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains unaffected by the application of said pressure.

17. The switch of claim 16 wherein at least one of said flexible substrate means include flexible extensions to facilitate interconnection of said conductive segment and said electrode means to a circuit means for energizing said first and second electrode means to apply said electric field and for controlling the input of information.

18. The switch of claim 16 further including a flexible conductive tape for interconnecting said conductive segment and said electrode means to a circuit means for energizing said first and second electrode means to apply said electric field and for controlling the input of information.

19. An array of switches of claim 16, 17 or 18 forming a keyboard.

20. A switch apparatus, comprising:

a first flexible substrate having a first conductive segment formed thereon;

a second conductive segment positioned beneath and in a spaced substantially parallel relation to said first conductive segment, and first flexible substrate having sufficient flexibility to deflect toward said second conductive segment in response to the application of pressure thereto;

a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means spaced from and horizontally disposed with respect to said first and second conductive segments;

a pair of electrode means for applying said electric field wherein the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means is located between said electrode means, said electrode means adapted to effect a display of information;

a second substrate for supporting said second conductive segment, at least one of said electrode means and said liquid crystal means; and

at least a portion of said first flexible substrate being deflectable toward said second conductive segment in response to the application of said pressure to effect an input of information and to cause a display, deflection of said first flexible substrate applying pressure to said liquid crystal means and the capability of said liquid crystal means to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remaining unaffected by the application of said pressure.

21. The switch apparatus of claim 20 wherein said first flexible substrate and at least one of said electrode means are substantially optically transparent for viewing of said display.

22. The switch apparatus of claim 21 further including a spacer located between said first and second conductive segments, and said electrode means.

23. A switch apparatus, comprising:

a first substrate having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto;

a first conductive segment formed on said first substrate;

a second conductive segment formed on a second substrate, said second conductive segment being positioned beneath and in a spaced substantially parallel relation to said first conductive segment;

a liquid crystal apparatus including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

first electrode means on said first substrate for applying said electric field, said first electrode means spaced from and horizontally disposed with respect to said first conductive segment;

second electrode means located on said second substrate and spaced from and horizontally disposed with respect to said second conductive segment wherein said second substrate is located on the side of the combination of said liquid crystal material and said containment means remote from said first substrate, said first and second electrode means adapted to apply said electric field to effect a visual output display and the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means located therebetween; and

at least a portion of said first substrate being deflectable toward said second substrate in response to the application of said pressure so that said first conductive segment may be brought into contact with said second conductive segment to effect an input of information and to cause said visual output display, deflection of said first substrate applying pressure to the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means wherein the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remains substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure.

24. An apparatus, comprising:

at least one display for displaying information wherein said display includes a liquid crystal apparatus including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to a prescribed input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, the information displayed being effected by a selective application of said prescribed input;

a substrate means having at least a portion thereof sufficiently flexible to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto;

a switch means operable by the application of pressure to said flexible portion of said substrate means to cause the same to deflect in response thereto to input information and cause a display; and

at least a portion of said pressure applied to the combination of the liquid crystal material and containment means during deflection of said flexible portion of said substrate means, the capability of said liquid crystal apparatus to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption remaining substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure thereto.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 utilized as an integrated control panel in household appliances.

31. The invention of claims 24 or 26 further including control means connected in circuit with said switch means and said display for controlling the application of said prescribed input.

26. A keyboard, comprising:

a plurality of switch means for inputting information wherein each of said switch means includes a flexible substrate having sufficient flexibility so that at least a portion of said substrate is deflectable in response to the application of a pressure thereto to actuate a switch function;

a display associated with said switch means for displaying information wherein said display includes a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to a prescribed input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, the information displayed being effected by application of said prescribed input by deflection of a substrate of said switch means by the application of a pressure thereto; and

at least a portion of said pressure applied to said liquid crystal means during deflection of said substrate, said liquid crystal means substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure such that said liquid crystal means retains its ability to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption during deflection of said substrate.

27. The keyboard of claim 26 wherein a computer means is utilized for controlling the function of said switch means.

29. A switch comprising:

a transparent substrate having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of a pressure thereto to actuate a switch function and to cause a display visible through said substrate;

a liquid crystal means located rearwardly of said substrate and including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to a prescribed input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

at least a portion of said substrate deflectable toward the rear of the switch in response to the application of said pressure for actuating said switch function and causing a display; and

at least a part of said pressure applied to said liquid crystal means during deflection of said substrate, said liquid crystal means substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure in that it retains its ability to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption.

30. A switch comprising:

a first flexible substrate having a first conductor formed thereon and having sufficient flexibility to deflect in response to the application of pressure thereto to actuate a switch function and to cause a display visible through said first substrate;

a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electric field reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption;

a second substrate rearwardly of said first substrate and spaced from and substantially parallel thereto, said second substrate having a second conductor located thereon wherein said liquid crystal means is located between said first and second conductors;

at least a portion of said first substrate deflectable toward said second substrate in response to the application of said pressure to cause a change in said display and actuate said switch function; and

at least a portion of said pressure applied to said liquid crystal means during deflection of said first substrate, said liquid crystal means substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure such that it retains its ability to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption during the application of said pressure.

32. A switch comprising:

a display means for causing a display including,

(i) a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electrical input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, and

(ii) a substrate means for supporting said liquid crystal means;

a switch means including a substrate that is deflectable by application of a pressure thereto to actuate said switch means;

a circuit means for detecting actuation of said switch means and for providing the electrical input to said liquid crystal means;

at least a portion of said pressure applied to said liquid crystal means during application of said pressure that actuates said switch means, said liquid crystal means substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure in that it retains its ability to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption; and

wherein actuation of said switch means causes said display to change at the point of application of said pressure by causing an electrical input to be provided to said liquid crystal means.

33. A switch comprising:

a display means for causing a display including,

(i) a liquid crystal means including the combination of a liquid crystal material and containment means for inducing a distorted alignment of said liquid crystal material which in response to such alignment at least one of scatters and absorbs light and which in response to an electrical input reduces the amount of such scattering or absorption, and

(ii) a substrate means for supporting said liquid crystal means;

a switch means disposed in front of and adjacent to said display means, said switch means including a substantially transparent substrate that is deflectable toward said display means by application of a pressure thereto to actuate said switch means;

a circuit means for detecting actuation of said switch means and for providing the electrical input to said liquid crystal means;

at least a part of said display means capable of bearing the stress associated with the application of said pressure and said liquid crystal means substantially unaffected by the application of said pressure in that it retains its ability to induce said distorted alignment and to reduce the amount of such scattering or absorption during the application of said pressure; and

wherein actuation of said switch means by deflection of said substrate thereof causes said display to change at the point of application of said pressure by causing an electrical input to be provided to said liquid crystal means.