Ferroresonant power supply and method

• US 4,791,542 A
• Filed: 08/03/1987
• Issued: 12/13/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Bank Of New York Commercial Corporation (Bank of New York Mellon Corporation)
• Original Assignee: R F L Industries Incorporated
• Inventors: Piaskowski, Andrew D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salce, Patrick R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ault, Anita M.
• Application Number:
  US07/081,300
• Time in Patent Office: 498 Days
• Field of Search: 363/17, 363/75, 363/90, 363/91, 323/235, 323/248, 323/249
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53832 in a push-pull arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5387 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A power supply is disclosed which comprises a ferroresonant circuit, the ferroresonant circuit including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding, and reactive means coupled with at least one of the windings. The transformer also has at least one bias winding. An alternating voltage is applied to the ferroresonant circuit, the alternating voltage having a frequency that is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of the ferroresonant circuit. An output circuit is coupled to the secondary winding. A signal from the output circuit is applied as a feedback signal to the bias winding to control DC flux bias of the core. In an illustrated embodiment, the means for applying an alternating voltage signal to the ferroresonant circuit includes an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals, and a switching circuit responsive to an input power source for generating the alternating voltage signals under control of the oscillator. The switching circuit is preferably adapted to provide zero-current switching. The disclosed ferroresonant power supply can operate at relatively high frequencies, for example above 20 KHz and up to about 1 MHz, using standard core materials and without unacceptable losses. Control of the output is obtained by the ferroresonant circuit and without the need for frequency modulation or other circuit complications that are often used with zero-current switching techniques. Also, the disclosed power supply can operate over a wide range of input voltages.

Claims

1. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings;

said transformers having a pair of bias windings;

means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding; and

means for sensing a signal in said output circuit and for applying a feedback signal to said bias windings in accordance with the sensed signal.

2. The power supply as defined by claim 1, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising at least one further output circuit coupled to said at least one further secondary winding.

3. The power supply as defined by claim 2, wherein said output circuits each include means for rectifying and smoothing the signals from their respective secondary windings to obtain respective DC outputs.

4. The power supply as defined by claim 2, wherein said means for sensing a signal in said output circuit comprises means for sensing the DC output level of said output circuit.

5. The power supply as defined by claim 4, wherein said bias windings are coupled to said DC output level via a zener diode.

6. The power supply as defined by claim 4, wherein said means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit includes an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals;

and a switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for generating said alternating voltage signals.

7. The power supply as defined by claim 1, wherein said output circuit includes means for rectifying and smoothing the signal from said secondary winding to obtain a DC output.

8. The power supply as defined by claim 1, wherein said means for sensing a signal in said output circiut comprises means for sensing the DC output level of said output circuit.

9. The power supply as defined by claim 8, wherein said bias windings are coupled to said DC output level via a zener diode.

10. The power supply as defined by claim 8, wherein said means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit includes an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals, and a switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for generating said alternating voltage signals.

11. The power supply as defined by claim 10, wherein said switching circuit comprises a circuit which operates with substantially zero current switching.

12. The power supply as defined by claim 1, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage signal applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHz.

13. The power supply as defined by claim 1, wherein said means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit includes an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals, and a switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for generating said alternating voltage signals.

14. The power supply as defined by claim 13, wherein said switching circuit comprises a circuit which operates with substantially zero current switching.

15. The power supply circuit as defined by claim 1, wherein said reactive means comprises a capacitor coupled across the primary winding of said transformer.

16. The power supply as defined by claim 15, wherein said reactive means further comprises an inductor coupled to said capacitor.

17. The power supply as defined by claim 16, wherein a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit is at the resonance of said capacitor and inductor.

18. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings;

controllable means for flux biasing the transformer core;

means for applying a zero current switched alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is greater than 20 KHz and is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding; and

means for sensing a signal in said output circuit and for applying a feedback signal to said controllable flux biasing means in accordance with the sensed signal.

19. The power supply as defined by claim 18, wherein said means for sensing a signal in said output circuit comprises means for sensing the DC output level of said output circuit.

20. The power supply as defined by claim 19, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising at least one further output circuit coupled to said at least one further secondary winding.

21. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding, a capacitor coupled across said primary winding, and an inductor coupled to said capacitor;

said transformer having a pair of bias windings;

means for coupling an alternating voltage across said inductor and capacitor, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the circuit including said inductor and capacitor;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding, said output circuit including rectifier means for generating a DC output; and

means for sensing the DC output and for applying a feedback signal to said bias windings in accordance with the sensed signal.

22. The power supply as defined by claim 21, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising at least one further output circuit coupled to said at least one further secondary winding.

23. The power supply as defined by claim 22, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage signal applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHz.

24. The power supply as defined by claim 21, further comprising:

a further bias winding, means for sensing the current in said DC output circuit, and means for applying a further feedback signal to said further bias winding in accordance with the sensed current.

25. The power supply as defined by claim 21, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage signal applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHz.

26. The power supply as defined by claim 21, wherein said means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit includes an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals, and a switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for generating said alternating voltage signals.

27. The power supply as defined by claim 21, wherein said switching circuit comprises a circuit which operates with substantially zero current switching.

28. A method for generating a DC voltage supply, comprising the steps of:

providing a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings, said transformer having a bias winding;

providing an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals and a switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for generating said alternating voltage signals at a frequency that is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

switching the switching circuit at substantially zero current;

applying said alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit;

rectifying and smoothing the signal from the secondary winding to obtain a DC output voltage; and

sensing the output voltage, and applying a feedback signal to said bias winding in accordance with the sensed voltage.

29. The method as defined by claim 28, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising the step of rectifying and smoothing the signal from the further secondary winding to obtain a further DC output voltage.

30. The method as defined by claim 29, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHZ.

31. The method as defined by claim 28, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHZ.

32. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings;

said transformer having a bias winding and a further bias winding;

means for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding;

means for sensing a DC voltage level of said output circuit and for applying a feedback signal to said bias winding in accordance with the sensed DC voltage level; and

means for sensing a current in said output circuit and for applying a feedback signal to said further bias winding in accordance with the sensed current.

33. The power supply as defined by claim 32, wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage signal applied to said ferroresonant circuit is greater than 20 KHz.

34. A method for generating a DC voltage supply, comprising the steps of:

providing a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings, said transformer having a bias winding;

applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is greater than 20 KHz and is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

rectifying and smoothing the signal from the secondary winding to obtain a DC output voltage; and

sensing the output voltage, and applying a feedback signal to said bias winding in accordance with the sensed voltage.

35. The method as defined by claim 34, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising the step of rectifying and smoothing the signal from the further secondary winding to obtain a further DC output voltage.

36. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding and reactive means coupled with at least one of said windings;

said transformer having a bias winding;

an oscillator for generating alternating voltage control signals;

a zero current switching circuit, under control of said oscillator, for applying an alternating voltage to said ferroresonant circuit, said alternating voltage having a frequency that is approximately equal to a resonant frequency of said ferroresonant circuit;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding; and

means for sensing a signal in said output circuit and for applying a feedback signal to said bias winding in accordance with the sensed signal.

37. The power supply as defined by claim 36, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising at least one further output circuit coupled to said at least one further secondary winding.

38. The power supply as defined by claim 36, wherein said output circuit includes means for rectifying and smoothing the signal from said secondary winding to obtain a DC output.

40. The power supply as defined by claim 36, wherein said oscillator has a frequency of at least 20 KHz.

39. The power supply as defined by claim 50, wherein said means for sensing a signal in said output circuit comprises means for sensing the DC output level of said output circuit.

41. A power supply, comprising:

a ferroresonant circuit, including a transformer with a core of magnetic material, a primary winding, a secondary winding, a capacitor coupled across said primary winding, and an inductor coupled to said capacitor;

said transformer having a bias winding;

means for coupling a zero current switched alternating voltage across said inductor and capacitor, said alternating voltage having a fraquency that is at least 20 KHz and is approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the circuit including said inductor and capacitor;

an output circuit coupled to said secondary winding, said output circuit including rectifier means for generating a DC output, and

means for sensing the DC output and for applying a feedback signal to said bias winding in accordance with the sensed signal.

42. The power supply as defined by claim 41, wherein said transformer has at least one further secondary winding, and further comprising at least one further output circuit coupled to said at least one further secondary winding