Plant growing and handling system

• US 4,793,096 A
• Filed: 02/20/1986
• Issued: 12/27/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 02/20/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Speedling, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Speedling, Inc.
• Inventors: Todd, George K. Sr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafer, Robert A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROONEY, KEVIN
• Application Number:
  US06/831,914
• Time in Patent Office: 1,041 Days
• Field of Search: 47/17, 47/48.5, 47/59, 47/61, 47/62, 47/63, 47/64, 405/36, 405/51, 251/326, 137/606, 137/263, 406/88, 4/580, 4/493, 4/498, 4/652, 4/DIG. 14
• US Class Current: 47/59.00R
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 31/02 Special apparatus therefor self-acting watering devices A01G27/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 60/21 Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

A plant flat handling system for handling floatable plant flats employs a horizontally extending main channel which can be flooded from either a water tank or a nutrient containing tank with a plurality of branch channels extending outwardly from the main channel. Gate valve means between the branch channel and the main channel can be opened to permit the main channel to fill the branch channel or to drain the branch channel when the main channel is drained. Plural wires extend along the length of the branch channels and support floating plant flats when the branch channels are drained. Periodic flooding and draining of the branch channels is effected until plants in the flats have matured and can be harvested. Harvesting is effected by maintaining light pressure against the outermost plant flats in the branch channel to urge the body of plant flats toward a main work area overlying the main channel. A power conveyor extends downwardly into the branch channel and lifts the flats therefrom for harvesting. A reverse procedure is employed when plant flats are to be deposited in a flooded branch channel with the power conveyor lowering the flats into the channel so that newly added flats push previously positioned flats outwardly along the length of the channel until the channel has been covered with flats.

Claims

1. A plant flat handling system comprising:

(a) an elongated horizontally extending main channel for receiving a quantity of liquid;

(b) liquid control means for selectively withdrawing liquid from said main channel for substantially filling said main channel with liquid;

(c) a plurality of elongated branch channels each having a length axis branching outwardly from said main channel for receiving liquid from, said main channel so as to be filled with liquid, or for discharging liquid into, said main channel so as to achieve a substantially drained condition;

(d) selectively operable valve means provided between each of said branch channels and said main channel for permitting or preventing liquid flow between said main channel and each of said branch channels;

(e) vertically fixedly positioned plant flat support means extending lengthwise of said branch channels;

(f) a plurality of floatable plant flats extending in said branch channels and arranged in at least two rows respectively extending transversely to and parallel to the length axis of each branch channel; and

(g) wherein said floatable plant flats are supported above the bottoms of their respective branch channel by said plant flat support means when the respective branch channel is drained of liquid but float above said plant flat support means in spaced relation thereto when the respective branch channel is substantially filled with liquid.

2. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes;

(a) tank means having valve means which when opened discharges liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid; and

(b) pump means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and discharging it into said tank means to effect draining of said main channel.

3. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means having valve means which when selectively opened discharge liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid and

(b) pump and valve means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and selectively discharging it into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel.

4. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means each having valve means which when selectively opened discharge liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid;

(b) pump and valve means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and selectively discharging it into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel; and

(c) wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but above the bottom of the branch channel.

5. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means each having valve means which when selectively opened discharge liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid;

(b) pump and valve means for withdrawing liquid from said pump means and selectively discharging it into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel;

(c) wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but above the bottom of the branch channel; and

(d) wherein said main channel is formed of a floor slab and first and second generally vertical side walls.

6. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means each having valve means which when selectively opened discharge liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid;

(b) pump and valve means for withdrawing liquid from said pump means and selectively discharging it into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel;

(c) wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but above the bottom of the branch channel;

(d) wherein said main channel is formed of a floor slab and first and second generally vertical side walls; and

(e) wherein said branch channels are formed of a floor slab and a plurality of vertical side walls oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said main channel.

7. The plant flat handling system of claim 1 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means each having valve means which when opened discharges liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid;

(b) pump and valve means for withdrawing liquid from said pump means and selectively discharging it into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel;

(c) wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but above the bottom of the branch channel;

(d) wherein said main channel is formed of a floor slab and first and second generally vertical side walls;

(e) wherein said branch channel are formed of a floor slab a plurality of vertical side walls oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said main channel; and

(f) additionally including first and second parallel sidewalks extending outwardly from said side walls forming said main channel and having parallel outer edges defining the inner end of each of said branch channels.

8. The plant handling system of claim 7 additionally including removable decking means bridging the space between the upper edges of the side walls forming part of the main channel;

and wherein said removable decking means has an upper surface in substantial alignment with upper surfaces of said sidewalks so that said decking means and said sidewalks define a work area extending above and adjacent the length of said main channel.

9. The plant handling system of claim 8 wherein said selectively operable valving means comprises a removable plate-like gate member positionable in a blocking position in vertical guide means adjacent the outer edge of one of said sidewalks, and further including a connector conduit extending from said vertical guide means to said main conduit, said plate-like gate member blocking communication between said branch channel and said connector conduit when in said blocking position.

10. The plant handling system of claim 9 additionally including power operated portable plant flat elevator means selectively positionable adjacent the inner end of one of said branch channels for depositing plant flats therein or removing plant flats therefrom.

11. A plant flat handling system comprising:

(a) an elongated horizontally extending main channel for receiving a quantity of liquid;

(b) liquid control means for selectively withdrawing liquid from said main channel or substantially filling said main channel with liquid;

(c) a plurality of elongated branch channels communicating at an inner end with said main channel for receiving liquid from said main channel so as to be substantially filled with liquid, or for discharging liquid into, said main channel so as to achieve a substantially drained condition;

(d) selectively operable valving means provided between each of said branch channels and said main channel for either permitting or preventing liquid flow between said main channel and each of said branch channels;

(e) substantially immovable plant flat support means provided in said branch channels;

(f) a plurality of floatable plant flats in said branch channels above said plant flat support means;

(g) wherein said floatable plant flats when in a branch channel are supported above the bottoms of their respective branch channels by said plant flat support means when the respective branch channel is drained of liquid but float above and spaced from said plant flat support means when the respective branch channel is substantially filled with liquid above a given level; and

(h) a work area extending over the length of said main channel and extending immediately adjacent the inner ends of said branch channels for permitting the deposit of plant flats in or the removal of plant flats from, said branch channels.

12. A plant handling system as recited in claim 11 additionally including wheel-mounted portable power driven plant flat elevator means on said work area movable to a position adjacent the inner end of any of said branch channels for either depositing plant flats in such branch channels or removing plant flats from such branch channel.

13. The plant flat handling system fo claim 12 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) tank means having valve means which when selectively opened discharges liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid; and

(b) pump means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and discharging it into said tank means to effect draining of said main channel.

14. The plant flat handling system of claim 12 wherein said liquid control means includes:

(a) first and second tank means each having valve means which when selectively opened discharges liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid and

(b) pump means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and selectively operable means for discharging said withdrawn liquid into one or the other of said tank means to effect draining of liquid from said main channel.

15. The plant flat handling system of claim 14 wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but positioned above the bottom of the branch channel.

16. The plant flat handling system of claim 12 wherein said liquid control means includes.

(a) a first tank containing water and a second tank containing water and nutrients with each tank having valve means which when opened discharges liquid into sump means communicating with said main channel so as to fill said main channel with liquid;

(b) pump means for withdrawing liquid from said sump means and selectively operable conduit means for discharging said withdrawing liquid into one of said tank means to effect draining of said main channel;

(c) wherein said plant flat support means comprises a plurality of wires extending lengthwise of each of said branch channels and positioned below and spaced from the bottoms of plant flats floating on liquid in said branch channel but also being spaced above the bottom of the branch channel.

(d) wherein said main channel is formed of a floor slab and first and second generally vertical side walls.

17. The plant flat handling system of claim 16 wherein said branch channels are formed of a floor slab and a plurality of vertical side walls oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said main channel.

18. A plant flat handling system comprising:

(a) an elongated horizontally extending work area having at least one side edge;

(b) a plurality of elongated branch channels communicating at an inner end with said side end and being capable of being substantially filled with liquid;

(c) selectively operable control means associated with each one of said branch channels for either filling said branch channel with liquid or draining said branch channel;

(d) plant flat support means provided in each of said branch channels; and

(e) a plurality of floatable plant flats positionable in said branch channels for vertical movement relative to said plant flat support means;

(f) wherein said floatable plant flats when in a branch channel are supported above the bottoms of their respective branch channels by said plant flat support means when the respective branch channel is drained of liquid but float above and spaced from said plant flat support means when the respective branch channel is substantially filled with liquid whereby said branch channels can be filled with plant flats from said work area by serially inserting plant flats into a liquid filled branch channel and pushing previously inserted plant flats outwardly from the inner end of the branch channel.

19. A plant handling system as recited in claim 18 additionally including wheel-mounted portable power driven plant flat elevator means on said work area movable to a position adjacent the inner end of any of said liquid filled branch channels for either depositing plant flats in such branch channel or removing plant flats from such branch channel.