Automatic injector for emergency treatment

• US 4,795,433 A
• Filed: 03/31/1988
• Issued: 01/03/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 05/20/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ING Limited (ANZ Group Holdings Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Survival Technology, Inc. (Meridian Medical Technologies Incorporated)
• Inventors: Sarnoff, Stanley J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yasko, John D.
• Application Number:
  US07/176,224
• Time in Patent Office: 278 Days
• Field of Search: 604/134-139, 604/181, 604/187, 604/82-90
• US Class Current: 604/134
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2300/00 Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/415 1,2-Diazoles
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/18 Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0019 Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/19 having more than one chamber , e.g. including a manifold coupling two parallelly aligned syringes through separate channels to a common discharge assembly surgical glue applicators A61B17/00491
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/2066 comprising means for injection of two or more media, e.g. by mixing
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/327 for enhancing the absorption properties of tissue, e.g. by electroporation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3603 Control systems

Abstract

A method of treating a patient with liquid medicament under circumstances where intravenous injection is not practical but the fast response time of an intravenous injection is desirable, including the treatment of individuals undergoing heart attack symptoms with t-PA. The method comprises the steps of injecting the liquid medicament t-PA preferably with a blood absorption enhancing agent such as hydroxylamine hydrochloride into the muscle tissue of the patient, applying to the patient which has received the injection repeated blood flow stimulating cycles, each of which includes a period of electrical stimulus during which the muscle tissue which has received the injection tenses followed by a period of no electrical stimulus during which the muscle tissue which received the injection is allowed to relax inducing enhanced blood flow within the muscle tissue, and continuing the application of the repeated blood flow stimulating cycles until the injected liquid medicament has been sufficiently absorbed into the enhanced blood flow to achieve a desired possible patient response of reperfusion and apparatus for carrying out the method.

Claims

1. Apparatus for treating a patient with a liquid medicament for purposes of establishing reperfusion under circumstances where intravenous injection is not practical but the fast response time of an intravenous injection is desirable comprising

an automatic injector assembly including

outer housing means,

medicament cartridge means mounted within said outer housing means in a storage position, said medicament cartridge means including a hypodermic needle, a plurality of medicament containers, and a plurality of medicament ingredients in said medicament containers,

moving means within said outer housing means for effecting movement of said medicament cartridge means out of said storage position,

mixing means within said outer housing means operable when said medicament cartridge means is moved out of said storage position for mixing the medicament ingredients to form a liquid medicament,

said moving means including stressed spring means releasable for effecting movement of said hypodermic needle outwardly of said outer housing means into the muscle tissue of the patient and said mixed liquid medicament outwardly through said needle into the muscle tissue of the patient,

said mixed liquid medicament including a clot selective coronary thrombolytic agent and a blood absorption enhancing agent.

2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said coronary thrombolytic agent is t-PA.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said liquid medicament includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

4. Apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said liquid medicament includes an anti-reclotting agent.

6. Apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said anti-reclotting agent is a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6 wherein said thromboxane synthetase inhibitor is dazoxiben.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said anti-reclotting agent is an antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A.

9. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A is SQ 27,427.

10. Apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said liquid medicament includes a reperfusion damage preventing agent.

11. Apparatus as defined in claim 10 wherein said reperfusion damage preventing agent is superoxide dismutase.

12. Apparatus as defined in claim 10 wherein said reperfusion damage preventing agent is S-aminotrimethyleneaminoethyl thiophosphate.

13. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said liquid medicament includes an anti-reclotting agent.

14. Apparatus as defined in claim 13 wherein said anti-reclotting agent is a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.

15. Apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said thromboxane synthetase is dazoxiben.

16. Apparatus as defined in claim 13 wherein said anti-reclotting agent is an antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A.

17. Apparatus as defined in claim 16 wherein said antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A is SQ 27,427.

18. A device for initiating treatment of a coronary prone individual at a time during the early minutes or hours after the onset of heart attack symptoms, said device comprising

automatic injector means comprising outer housing means, medicament cartridge assembly means mounted within said housing means in a storage position for movement out of said storage position, cartridge moving means mounted in said housing means for moving said medicament cartridge assembly means out of said storage position,

said medicament cartridge assembly means including container means, hypodermic needle means, and medicament means disposed in a storage condition within said container means when said medicament cartridge assembly means is in said storage position operable when said medicament cartridge assembly means is moved out of said storage position to provide liquid medicament injectable through said hypodermic needle means,

said moving means including stressed spring assembly means for moving said hypodermic needle means outwardly of said housing means into the muscle tissue of a patient and said liquid medicament outwardly through said hypodermic needle means into the muscle tissue of a patient,

said liquid medicament including an agent for preventing platelet aggregation in the blood when absorbed therein from the muscle tissue.

19. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said liquid medicament includes a blood absorption enhancing agent.

20. A device as defined in claim 19 wherein said liquid medicament includes a clot selective coronary thrombolytic agent.

21. A device as defined in claim 20 wherein said coronary thrombolytic agent is t-PA.

22. A device as defined in claim 21 wherein said liquid medicament also includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

23. A device as defined in claim 22 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

24. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said platelet aggregation preventing agent is a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.

25. A device as defined in claim 24 wherein said thromboxane synthetase inhibitor is dazoxiben.

26. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said platelet aggregation preventing agent is an antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A.

27. A device as defined in claim 26 wherein said antagonist for the receptor of thromboxane A is SQ 27,427.

28. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said platelet aggregation preventing agent is aspirin, indomethacin, naproxea, or sulfinpyrazone.

29. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said platelet aggregation preventing agent is aspirin.

30. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein said liquid medicament also includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

31. A device as defined in claim 30 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

32. A device as defined in claim 24 wherein said liquid medicament also includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

33. A device as defined in claim 32 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

34. A device as defined in claim 26 wherein said liquid medicament also includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

35. A device as defined in claim 34 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

36. A device as defined in claim 28 wherein said liquid medicament also includes an anti-arrythmic agent.

37. A device as defined in claim 36 wherein said anti-arrythmic agent is lidocaine.

38. Apparatus for treating a patient with a liquid medicament for purposes of establishing reperfusion under circumstances where intravenous injection is not practical but the fast response time of an intravenous injection is desirable comprising

an automatic injector assembly including

outer housing means,

medicament cartridge means mounted within said outer housing means in a storage position, said medicament cartridge means including a hypodermic needle, a plurality of medicament ingredient containers, a powder medicament ingredient in one of said containers and a diluent ingredient in another of said containers,

moving means within said outer housing means for effecting movement of said medicament cartridge means out of said storage position,

mixing means within said outer housing means operable when said medicament cartridge means is moved out of said storage position for mixing the powder and diluent ingredients to form a liquid medicament,

said moving means including stressed spring means releasable for effecting movement of said hypodermic needle outwardly of said outer housing means into the muscle tissue of the patient and said mixed liquid medicament outwardly through said needle into the muscle tissue of the patient,

said mixed liquid medicament including a clot selective coronary thrombolytic agent.

39. Apparatus as defined in claim 38 wherein said coronary thrombolytic agent is t-PA.