Optical potentiometer

• US 4,796,000 A
• Filed: 04/28/1986
• Issued: 01/03/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: David N. Friedland
• Original Assignee: David N. Friedland
• Inventors: Mondl, John T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Goldberg, E. A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LATEEF, MARVIN M
• Application Number:
  US06/856,462
• Time in Patent Office: 981 Days
• Field of Search: 338/99, 338/15, 338/92, 338/114
• US Class Current: 338/15
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/266 the optical element being an attenuator
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4249 comprising arrays of active devices and fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4295 coupling with semiconductor devices activated by light through the light guide, e.g. thyristors, phototransistors
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/164 Optical potentiometers
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/167 the light sources and the devices sensitive to radiation all being semiconductor devices characterised by potential barriers

Abstract

Optical and digital potentiometers and controllers. In one embodiment of the invention, a paddle slider is maintained within a housing along with a light source and sensor. The amount of light received by the sensor is a function of the position of the slider and, accordingly, a control signal output may be developed corresponding to the mechanical position of the slider. In other embodiments, light sources are caused to impinge on reflective surfaces which reflect the light through a film onto additional reflective surfaces which direct the light to a sensor. The film may be of varying optical density along the length thereof such that the amount of light received corresponds to the position of the slider, or the film may be digitally encoded such that separate light beams received by the sensor will correspond to a digital position of the slider. In another embodiment, a cylindrical digitally encoded film is rotated between a light source and sensor, thereby varying the output of the sensor. In still another embodiment, a pressure bar is maintained upon a slide and transverses a switch pad which is connected to an electronic decoding circuit. As the slide is moved, the output of the switch pad changes as a digital function of the position of the slide.

Claims

1. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing; and

selectively moveable reflecting means within said housing for receiving light from said light source and reflecting a quantom of said light to said light sensor as a function of the position of said reflecting means within said housing, said light sensor providing an ouput signal corresponding to said quantom of light sensed thereby, wherein said reflecting means comprises a slide having a flat surface, said slide moveable longitudinally within said housing, said flat surface being laterally disposed within said housing.

2. The optical potentiometer according to claim 1 wherien said light source and light sensor are maintained at a common end of said housing.

3. The optical potentiometer according to claim 2 wherein said light source is a point source of light isolated from said light sensor by a baffle.

4. A optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light source within said housing in juxtaposition to said light source; and

a media of varying optical density maintained between said light source and light sensor, said media adapted for relative movement between said light source and light sensor, wherein said media comprises a film of circular configuration, wherein said film is connected to a handle for rotation between said light source and light sensor, and wherein said light source comprises a plurality of light-emitting members and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of light sensing members, one light sensing member uniquely associated with each light emitting member wherein said film is divided into an equal plurality of tracks, one said track uniquely associated with each said pair of uniquely associated light-emitting and sensing members, and wherein said film is digitally conded, each said track representing a specific digital power.

5. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing; and

selectively moveable reflecting means within said housing for receiving light from said light source and reflecting a quantum of said light to said light sensor as a function of the position of said reflecting means within said housing, said light sensor providing an output signal corresponding to said quantum of light sensed thereby, and wherein said reflecting means comprises a slide having angled reflective surfaces thereon, a first reflective surface in alignment with said light source and receiving light therefrom, and a second reflective surface in alignment with said light sensor and transmitting light thereto.

6. The optical potentiometer according to claim 5 wherein said first reflective surface is angled to reflect light from said light source to said second reflective surface, said second reflective surface angled to transmit said reflected light to said light sensor.

7. The optical potent according to claim 6 which further includes a solid media between said first and second reflective surfaces extending longitudinally within said housing, said media having varying light passing characteristics along the length thereof.

8. The tentiometer according to claim 7 wherein said solid media comprises a film of varying optical density along the length thereof.

9. The optical potentiometer according to claim 8 wherein said optical density of said film varies linerarly along the length of said film as a function of the distance along said film from an end of said housing.

10. The optical potentiometer according to claim 9 wherein said light source is a collimated light source.

11. The optical potentiometer according to claim 7 wherein said light source comprises a plurality of collimated light beams and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of photodetectors, each photodetector uniquely associated with a separate one of said collimated light beams.

12. The optical potentiometer according to claim 11 wherein said solid media comprises a coded film having uniquely positioned transparent and opaque areas thereon.

13. The optical potentiometer according to claim 12 wherein said film has a plurality of coded tracks thereon equal to the plurality of paired photodetectors and light beams.

14. The optical potentiometer according to claim 13 wherein said film is binary coded.

15. The optical potentiometer according to claim 14 wherein said light beams are generated by a collimated light source connected to a plurality of optical fibers.

16. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing in juxtaposition to said light source; and

a solid media of varying optical density maintained between said light source and light sensor, said media adapted for relative movement between said light source and light sensor.

17. The optical potentiometer according to claim 16 wherein said solid media comprises a film of circular configuration.

18. The optical potentiometer according to claim 17 wherein said film is connected to a handle for rotation between said light source and light sensor.

19. The optical potentiometer according to claim 18 wherein said light source comprises a plurality of light emitting members and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of light sensing members, one light sensing member uniquely associated with each light emitting member and wherein said film is divided into an equal plurality of tracks, one said track uniquely associated with each said pair of uniquely associated light emitting and sensing members.

20. The optical potentiometer according to claim 19 wherein said film is digitally coded, each said track representing a specific digital power.

21. The optical potentiometer according to claim 18 wherein said film is cylindrical.

22. A digital encoder, comprising:

a housing;

a switch pad maintained along an inner first side of said housing; and

a slide received within a second side of said housing opposite said first side, said slide movable along said second side and having a bar transversely engaging said switch pad for selectively activating transverse areas of said switch pad.

23. The digital encoder of claim 22 wherein said switch pad is digitally encoded along the length thereof.

24. The digital encoder of claim 23 wherein said swtich pad comprises a first layer of a plurality of continuously conductive strips and a second layer of an equal plurality of intermittently conductive strips, said second layer having conductive regions defined in a digital pattern.

25. The digital encoder of claim 23 which further comprises a decoding circuit interconnected between said first and second layers of said switch pad for sensing the position of said bar in engagement with said switch pad and emitting a digital signal corresponding thereto.

26. The digital encoder of claim 25 wherein said bar is urged against said switch pad, forcefully closing a portion of said first layer against said second layer.

27. An opticasl potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing; and

selectively moveable reflecting means within said housing for receiving light from said light source and reflecting a quantum of said light to said light sensor as a function of the position of said reflecting means within said housing, said light sensor providing an output signal corresponding to said quantum of light sensed thereby, wherein said reflecting means comprises a slide having angled reflective surfaces thereon, a first reflective surface in alignment with said light source and receiving light therefrom, and a second reflective surface in alignment with said light sensor and transmitting light thereto, wherein said first reflective surface is angled to reflect light from said light source to said second reflective surface, said second reflective surface angled to transmit said reflected light to said light sensor, said optical potentiometer further including a media between said first and second reflective surfaces extending longitudinal within said housing, said media having varying light passing characteristics along the length thereof, wherein said light source comprises a plurality of collimated light beams and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of photodetectors, each photodetector uniquely associated with a separate one of said collimated light beams, wherein said media comprises a coded film having uniquely positioned transparent and opaque areas thereon, and wherein said film has a plurality of coded tracks thereon equal to the plurality of paired photodectors and light beams.

28. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing and

selectively moveable reflecting means within said housing for receiving light from said light source and reflecting a quantum of said light to said light sensor as a fucntion of the position of said reflecting means within said housing, said light sensor providing an output signal corresponding to said quantum of light sensed thereby, wherein said reflecting means comprises a slide having angled reflective surfaces thereon, a first reflective surface in alignment with said light source and receiving light therefrom, and second reflective surface in alginment with said light sensor and transmitting light thereto, wherein said first reflective surface is angled to reflect light from said light source to said second reflective surface, said second reflective surface angled to transmit said reflected light to said light sensor, said optical potentiometer further including a media between said first and and second reflective surfaces extending longitudinally within said housing, said media having varying light passing characteristics along the length thereof, wherein said light source comprises a plurality of collimated light beams and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of photodetectors, each photodetector uniquely associated with a separate one of said collimated light beams, wherein said media comprises a coded film having uniquely positioned transparent and opaque are as thereon, wherein said film has a plurality of coded tracks thereon equal to the plurality of paired photodectors and light beams, and wherein said film is binary coded.

29. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light sensor within said housing; and

selectively moveable reflecting means within said housing for receving light from said light source and reflecting a quantum of said light to said light sensor as a function of the position of said reflecting means within said housing, said light sensor providing an output signal corresponding to said quantum of light sensed thereby, wherein said reflecting means comprises a slide having angled reflective surfaces thereon, a first reflective surface in alignment with said light source and receiving light therefrom, and a second reflective surface in alignment with said light sensor and transmitting light thereto, wherein said first reflective surface is angled to reflect light from said light source to said second reflective surface, said second reflective surface angled to transmit said reflected light to said light sensor, said optical potentiometer further including a media between said first and second reflective surfaces extending longitudinally within said housing, said media having varying light passign characteristics along the length thereof, wherein said light source comprises a plurality of collimated light beams and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of photodetectors, each photodetector uniquely associated with a separate one of said collimated light beams, wherein said media comprises a coded film having uniquely positioned transparent and opaque areas thereon, wherein said film has a plurality of coded tracks thereon equal to the plurality of paired photodetectors and light beams, wherein said film is binary coded, and wherein said light beams are generated by a collimated light source connected to a plurality of optical fibers.

30. An optical potentiometer, comprising:

a housing;

a light source within said housing;

a light source within said housing in juxtapositioned to said light source; and

a media of varying optical density maintained between saids light source and light sensor, said media adapted for relative movement between said light source and light sensor, wherein said media comprises a film of circular configuration, wherein said film is connected to a handle for rotation between said light source and light sensor, and wherien said light source comprises a plurality of light-emitting members and said light sensor comprises an equal plurality of light sensing members, one light sensing member uniquely associated with each light emitting member and wherein said film is divided into an equal plurality of tracks, one said track uniquely associated with each said pair of uniquely associated light emitting and sensing members.