Packet switched interconnection protocols for a star configured optical lan

• US 4,797,879 A
• Filed: 06/05/1987
• Issued: 01/10/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.), Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kavehrad, Mohsen, Habbab, Isam M. I., Sundberg, Carl-Erik
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Robert L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PASCAL, LESLIE C
• Application Number:
  US07/058,739
• Time in Patent Office: 585 Days
• Field of Search: 370/85, 370/94, 370/89, 370/124, 370/3, 370/93, 370/104, 455/606, 455/607, 455/612, 455/617, 455/618, 455/619
• US Class Current: 398/51
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0227 Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0241 Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0282 WDM tree architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/44 Star or tree networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/56 Packet switching systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0062 Network aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0066 Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0041 Optical control
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0094 Star

Abstract

The present invention relates to packet switched interconnection protocols for use in high-speed optical Star-configured Local Area Networks (LANs). In the present Star LAN, a plurality of N+1 wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) channels are provided for use by M transceivers connected to the Star coupler, where preferably M>N. N of the N+1 WDM channels are used for transmission of data packets, and the remaining WDM channel is used by all transceivers for transmitting control packets only. In the present protocols, a transmitter in an active transceiver first send a control packet over the control channel using a first protocol such as, for example, ALOHA or CSMA. The control packet includes (1) the transmitter'"'"'s unique address, (2) the destined receiver'"'"'s address, and (3) the address of the data channel to be used in transmitting the associated data packet. Immediately after the control packet is sent, the associated data packet is transmitted over the chosen one of the N data channels using a second protocol such as, for example, ALOHA, CSMA or N-Server Switch. In the Star network, the transceivers receive their own transmissions and detect if a collision or not has occurred, and if a collision is detected the transmission procedure is repeated until successful.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting packets of information in an optical local area network (LAN) including a plurality of M optical transceivers connected to a Star coupler, the method comprising the steps of:

in transmitting information from a first transceiver to a second transceiver,

(a) transmitting a control information packet at a random time period over a first wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channel using a first access protocol, the control information packet including information relating to (1) a unique identification of the first transceiver, (2) a unique identification of the second transceiver, and (3) an identification of a randomly chosen one of a plurality of N second WDM channels used to transmit data packets, where M>

N; and

(b) immediately after step (a), transmitting an associated data packet over the chosen one of the plurality of N second WDM channels indicated in the control information packet transmitted in step (a) using a second access protocol.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the method comprises the further steps of:

(c) receiving both the control information packet and the data packet transmitted in steps (a) and (b) from the Star coupler at the first and second transceivers and determining therefrom if either one of the control and/or data packets overlap the information concurrently transmitted by other transceivers on the same channels; and

(d) causing (1) the first transceiver to reiterate steps (a) to (d) if an overlapping of transmissions from the first transceiver and another transceiver has occurred, and (2) the second transceiver to process the control and data packets when no overlapping of transmissions from the first transceiver and another transceiver has occurred.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein

the first access protocol and the second access protocol used in steps (a) and (b), respectively, are each an ALOHA protocol wherein the control packet and the data packet are each transmitted on the associated first and second WDM channel, respectively, at random without a regard for other transmissions in the LAN.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein

the first access protocol used in step (a) is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol and the second access protocol used in step (b) is an ALOHA access protocol where one of the N second WDM channels is selected at random without regard for other data packet transmissions in the LAN, and in performing step (a) using the CSMA protocol to determine when the first WDM channel is idle before transmitting the control information packet on the first WDM channel.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein

the first access protocol used in step (a) is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol which is used to determine when the first WDM channel is idle before transmitting the control information packet;

and

the second access protocol used in step (b) is an N/Server Switch protocol where each transceiver monitors the control information packets transmitted on the first WDM channel to update a list in a memory indicating (1) which of the N second WDM channels are idle and (2) which transceivers are idle, for choosing from said list an idle second WDM channel for transmitting the data packet in step (b).

4. The method according to claim1 or 2 wherein

the first access protocol used in step (a) is an ALOHA protocol wherein the control packet is transmitted on the first WDM channel at random without a regard for other control information packet transmissions in the LAN, and

the second access protocol used in step (b) is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol, and in performing step (a), performing the steps of

(a1) using the CSMA protocol to find an idle one of the plurality of N second WDM channels normally transmitting data packets, and

(a2) transmitting a blocking or jamming signal on the idle second WDM channel found in step (a1) while concurrently transmitting the control information packet on the first WDM channel.

7. A transceiver for use in transmitting packets of information to other transceivers in an optical Local Area Network (LAN) which includes a Star coupler, the transceiver comprising:

a receiver for receiving lightwave signals from the Star coupler and converting the lightwave signals into equivalent electrical output signals; and

a transmitter comprising means for (a) transmitting a control information packet a random time period over a first wavelength division multiplex (WDM) channel using a first access protocol, where the control information packet includes information relating to (1) a unique identification of the transceiver, (2) a unique identification of a second transceiver of the network with which the first transceiver desires to communicate, and (3) an identification of a randomly chosen one of a plurality of N second WDM channels used for transmitting data packets, and (b) transmitting an associated data packet over the chosen one of the plurality of second WDM channels, indicated in the control information packet, immediately after the transmission of the control information packet using a second access protocol.

8. A transceiver according to claim 7 wherein the transceiver further comprises

a controller for monitoring transmissions received from the Star coupler for determining if a control information packet and/or a data packet, that was transmitted by the transmitter, overlaps a random transmission from another transceiver of the network on the same first WDM channel or second one of the plurality of N second WDM channels, respectively, for causing the transmitter of said transceiver to retransmit the respective control information packet and the data packet using the same first and second access protocol, respectively.

9. A transceiver according to claim 7 or 8 wherein

the first access protocol and the second access protocol are each an ALOHA protocol where the control information packet and the data packet are each transmitted on the associated first and second WDM channel, respectively, randomly without a regard for other transmissions in the LAN.

10. A transceiver according to claim 7 or 8 wherein

the first access protocol is an ALOHA protocol where the control information packet is transmitted on the first WDM channel at random without a regard for other control information packet transmissions in the LAN, and

the second access protocol is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol which is used to find an idle one of the plurality of N second WDM channels normally transmitting data packets before concurrently transmitting (a) a blocking or jamming signal on the idle one of the plurality of N second WDM channels to maintain that channel idle, and (b) the control information packet on the first WDM channel followed by the data packet on the idle second WDM channel.

11. A transceiver according to claim 7 or 8 wherein

the second access protocol is an ALOHA protocol where one of the second WDM channels is selected at random without regard fort other data packet transmissions in the LAN, and

the first access protocol is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol which is used to sense when the first WDM channel is idle before transmitting the control information packet on the first WDM channel followed by the data packet on the randomly chosen second WDM channel.

12. A transceiver according to claim 7 wherein

the first access protocol is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol which is used to sense when the first WDM channel is idle before transmitting the control information packet, and

the second access protocol is a N/Server Switch protocol where each transceiver monitors the control information packets transmitted on the first WDM channel to update a list in a memory indicating which transceivers in the LAN are idle and which of the plurality of N second WDM channels are idle for choosing from the list an idle data channel prior to transmitting the control information packet and then the data packet.