Method and apparatus for recording data

• US 4,799,112 A
• Filed: 02/19/1987
• Issued: 01/17/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 02/19/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Seagate Technology LLC (Seagate Technology Holdings Plc)
• Original Assignee: Magnetic Peripherals, Inc.
• Inventors: Stone, Dennis C., Bremmer, Robert A., Kovner, Vladimir
• Primary Examiner(s): Canney, Vincent P.
• Application Number:
  US07/016,166
• Time in Patent Office: 698 Days
• Field of Search: 360/25, 360/31, 360/51, 360/46, 324/212
• US Class Current: 360/31
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/24 Arrangements for providing constant relative speed between record carrier and head
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1258 where blocks are arranged within multiple radial zones, e.g. Zone Bit Recording or Constant Density Recording discs, MCAV discs, MCLV discs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1403 characterised by the use of two levels
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/012 Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic disks G11B17/00, G11B19/00 take precedence

Abstract

A method and apparatus for increasing the amount of data capable of being stored in a magnetic storage device is disclosed. Basically, a magnetic characteristic of the disk to head interface is measured at several locations on the disk. The frequency for writing and reading the data is optimized in terms of the required resolution and the magnetic measurement. The read and write modes are then varied, based upon the optimized frequency, such that data is written on the disk at a frequency substantially equal to the optimized frequency and read from a disk having data recorded at the optimized frequency.

Claims

1. A data storage device including a read/write head and a magnetic disk which form the disk to head interface, the magnetic disk capable of retaining data pulses recorded at various frequencies, the amplitude of the readback voltage of a pulse train varying as a function of the selected frequency, the amplitude of the readback voltage of a pulse train recorded at the selected frequency divided by the amplitude of the readback voltage of a pulse train recorded at a lower frequency yielding the resolution, the magnetic system manufactured with disks formatted by a process comprising the steps of:

determining a magnetic characteristic for the head to disk interface for each track on the magnetic disk; and

using the determined magnetic characteristic for each track to select a frequency for each track that will produce a substantially constant resolution in each track across the disk.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein determining the magnetic characteristic for each track is comprised of the steps of:

measuring the pulse width at fifty percent amplitude of an isolated pulse in a plurality of tracks on the disk; and

generating a curve from the known measured pulse widths and the corresponding track locations to determine pulse width values for the tracks on the disk having no measured pulse width value.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein the step of using the determined magnetic characteristic to determine a frequency that produces a substantially constant resolution for each track of the disk further comprises the steps of:

selecting a starting frequency for each track;

calculating the amplitude of the readback voltage for a pulse train recorded at the selected starting frequency using the selected starting frequency and the determined magnetic characteristic;

dividing the selected starting frequency by a constant to arrive at the lower frequency;

calculating the amplitude of the readback voltage for a pulse train recorded at the lower frequency using the lower frequency and the determined magnetic characteristic;

determining the resolution;

comparing the calculated resolution to the desired high value of resolution and a desired low value of resolution and adding an increment of frequency to the selected frequency and if the resolution is larger than a desired high value, subtracting a decrement of frequency from the selected frequency and redetermining the resolution, and if the resolution is below a desired low value adding an increment of frequency to the selected frequency and redetermining the resolution until it is between the desired high value and the desired low value of resolution.

4. The process of claim 3 wherein the step of determining the magnetic characteristic for the head to disk interface further comprises measuring the pulse width at fifty percent amplitude of an isolated pulse.

5. The process of claim 4 wherein the steps of calculating the amplitude of the readback voltage for the starting frequency pulse train and calculating the amplitude of the readback voltage for the lower frequency pulse trains further comprises substituting the pulse width at fifty percent amplitude for the particular track and the frequency into the following equation:

##EQU7## where PW₅₀ =pulse width at fifty percent amplitude

f=frequency

e(t)=voltage as a function of time

c=a constant.

6. The process of claim 3 wherein the step of selecting a starting frequency includes using the frequency which produced the desired resolution for an adjacent track.

7. A method of determining the read/write frequency for each track of a magnetic disk in a magnetic system which also includes a read/write head, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a magnetic characteristic of the magnetic system for each track of the magnetic disk;

selecting a first frequency for each track;

determining the voltage amplitude as a function of time for a train of pulses occurring at the first frequency using the first frequency and the magnetic characteristic for the track;

selecting a second frequency lesser than the first frequency;

determining the voltage amplitude as a function of time for a train of pulses occurring at the second frequency using the magnetic characteristic for the track and the second frequency;

dividing the value of the voltage amplitude as a function of time for the train of pulses occurring at the first frequency by the value of the voltage amplitude as a function of time for the train of pulses occurring at the second frequency to yield a value called the calculated resolution;

selecting a desired resolution, the desired resolution having an associated error rate which is less than the specified error rate; and

comparing the calculated value of the resolution to a desired value of resolution to determine if it is within a desired range of the desired value of the resolution.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising the step of adding an increment of frequency to the first frequency when the calculated resolution is greater than the desired range of resolution and redetermining the resolution.

9. The method of claim 7 further comprising the steps of subtracting a decrement of frequency from the first frequency when the calculated resolution is less than the desired range of resolution and redetermining the resolution.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of selecting the first frequency further comprises selecting the frequency that produced a resolution within the desired range for the adjacent track as the first frequency for a particular track.

11. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of selecting the second frequency further comprises dividing the first frequency by a constant which is a function of the coding scheme used in the magnetic system, the constant converting the first frequency to the lowest frequency in the range of the recording frequencies for the coding scheme.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the steps of determining the magnetic characteristic further comprises the step of measuring the time between half amplitude points of an isolated pulse in every track on the magnetic disk.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the steps of determining the magnetic characteristic further comprises the steps of:

measuring the time between half amplitude points of an isolated pulse in a plurality of tracks; and

generating a curve that fits the measured points and determining the time between half amplitude points of an isolated pulse in the unmeasured tracks based upon the generated curve.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the steps of determining the voltage amplitude as a function of time further includes the step of substituting the first or second frequency and the time between half amplitude points of an isolated pulse for the track into the following equation:

##EQU8## where PW₅₀ =the time between half amplitude points of an isolated pulse in the particular track

f=frequency of the pulse train

e(t)=voltage as a function of time; and

c=a constant.

15. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of selecting a desired resolution comprises selecting the same desired resolution and the same desired range for each track on the disk.

16. A method for reading and writing data at an error rate less than the specified value in a data storage device including a magnetizable disk with tracks and a read/write head which form a disk to head interface, and a memory, the data storage device encoding data before recording and decoding data after reading according to a coding scheme, the data storage device capable of recording data through a range of frequencies, the highest frequency in the range related to the lowest frequency in the range by a constant which is a characteristic of the coding scheme being used, the amplitude of the readback voltage of the high frequency in the range divided by the voltage amplitude of the lowest frequency in the range yielding resolution, each resolution having a specific error rate associated therewith, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a magnetic characteristic of the magnetic disk to read/write head interface for each track on a disk;

dividing the selected high frequency by the constant for the particular coding scheme to produce the lowest frequency in the range for a track;

determining the amplitude of the readback voltage for the selected high frequency and the lowest frequency in the range using the frequency and the magnetic characteristic;

calculating the resolution;

selecting a range of desired values of resolution, the error rates of the resolutions in the range being less than that specified; and

determining if the calculated resolution falls within the range of desired values of resolution and if the calculated value of resolution is less than the desired range, subtracting a decrement of frequency from the selected frequency and recalculating the resolution, and if the calculated resolution is greater than the desired range of resolution adding an increment of frequency to the selected frequency.

17. The method for reading and writing data as recited in claim 16 further comprising the steps of:

storing each track location and the selected frequency for the particular track in the memory;

comparing the track location of the read/write head to the stored track location in the memory; and

recalling the selected frequency corresponding to the track location of the read/write head.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising the step of altering the magnetic system such that data is written and read at the selected frequency for the track.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the step of altering the magnetic system further comprises producing a frequency equal to the recalled selected frequency for reading and writing data at the track location.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the step of altering the magnetic system further comprises changing the angular velocity of the magnetic disk to a level where the data is written and read on the magnetic disk at the recalled selected frequency.

21. The method of claim 17 further comprising the steps of:

determining the number of bits a track will hold at the selected frequency for the track;

dividing the number of bits the track will hold by the number of bits each sector will hold; and

altering the magnetic system when the number of sectors capable of being held in a first track is a different integer number than the number of sectors capable of being held in a track adjacent to the first track.

22. An apparatus for reading and writing data in a storage device having a read/write head and a magnetizable disk with tracks, the apparatus comprising:

means for storing and recalling a track location and a read/write frequency for each track on the disk;

means for determining the position of the read/write head;

means for producing data pulses on the magnetizable disk at a frequency substantially equal to the frequency stored in the storing and recalling means which corresponds to the location determined by the position determining means; and

means for reading data recorded at various frequencies from the magnetizable disk, the read frequency being substantially equal to the frequency stored in the storing and recalling means which corresponds to the location determined by the position determining means.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 further comprising a frequency synthesizer which produces a zone clock signal having a changeable frequency.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the means for producing data pulses comprises a read/write head writing at the zone clock frequency and wherein the means for reading data comprises a read phase locked loop using the zone clock signal to synchronize the raw read data.

25. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said means for producing data pulses is means for varying the angular velocity of the magnetizable disk in response to the frequency of the zone clock signal, the angular velocity being varied such that a read-write head writing at a constant frequency will produce data pulses on the magnetizable disk at a frequency substantially equal to the frequency stored in the storing and recalling means for the position of the read/write head determined by the position determining means.

26. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said frequency synthesizer further comprising a frequency generator:

a reference clock which produces a reference signal;

a first bit counter storing an integer used to divide the frequency of the reference clock to produce a divided reference clock signal;

a zone clock signal;

a second bit counter storing an integer used to divide the frequency of the zone clock signal to produce a divided zone clock signal;

a phase-frequency detector which receives the divided reference clock signal and the divided zone clock signal and produces an output proportional to the phase difference between the two received signals;

a loop filter which receives the phase-frequency detector output and produces a voltage output in response to the frequency of the phase-frequency detector output; and

a voltage controlled oscillator which produces the zone clock signal, the frequency of the zone clock signal varying in response to the level of the voltage output of the loop filter.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 further comprising a spindle motor control which controls the angular velocity of a disk in response to the frequency of the zone clock signal.