Integrated head-up and panel display unit

• US 4,799,765 A
• Filed: 09/24/1987
• Issued: 01/24/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Ferrer, John J.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kachmarik, Ronald M.
• Application Number:
  US07/105,527
• Time in Patent Office: 488 Days
• Field of Search: 350/3.7, 350/162.23, 350/166, 350/174
• US Class Current: 359/13
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2360/334 Projection means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2370/334 Projection means
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0109 comprising details concerning the making of holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0145 creating an intermediate image
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0165 associated with a head-down display
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0103 comprising holographic elements

Abstract

An integrated head-up and panel display system for aircraft cockpits and the like is disclosed. The system utilizes a wavelength-sensitive fold mirror to separate the HUD image and the panel images. The system includes a monochromatic HUD image source for projecting the HUD image toward the fold mirror, and at least one panel display image source for projecting panel imagery toward the fold mirror. The transmission function of the fold mirror is notched at the wavelength of the monochromatic HUD image source. Thus, the fold mirror reflects the HUD image in the direction of the HUD optical combiner which reflects the HUD image to the system exit pupil. The fold mirror is adapted to transmit light in the visible spectra outside the narrow bandwidth of the HUD image source, so that the panel image is transmitted through the fold mirror to a look-down display screen assembly. The screen assembly may be a diffusion screen for providing an image plane at the screen, or an assembly of optical elements for providing a panel image superimposed at the system exit pupil.

Claims

1. An integrated head-up and panel display system comprising:

a first image source for projecting a HUD image;

a second image source for projecting a panel image;

a combiner for directing HUD image light to a system exit pupil;

a panel screen for display of panel image light; and

optical selector means arranged to substantially reflect light from said first image source toward said combiner and to substantially transmit light therethrough from said second image source toward said panel screen.

2. The display system of claim 1 wherein said second image source is adapted to provide a multi-color panel image.

3. The display system of claim 2 wherein said second image source comprises a liquid crystal light valve projector.

4. The display system of claim 1 wherein said optical selector means comprises a diffraction optical element.

5. The display system of claim 1 wherein said optical selector means comprises a substrate having a graded-index coating applied thereon.

6. The display system of claim 1 wherein said panel screen comprises:

a diffraction optical element for diffusing light incident thereon; and

optical means having an optical axis along which a ray of light can pass, said optical means being positioned with respect to said optical element so that its optical axis is positioned in substantial alignment with the diffuse rays, the angle of diffracted light from said optical element being sufficiently divergent from the incident light thereon that any undiffracted incident light impinging upon said optical means is absorbed in said optical means.

7. The display system of claim 6 wherein said optical means comprises a fiber optic faceplate having a plurality of substantially parallel optical fibers positioned substantially parallel to the light diffracted by said optical element.

8. The display system of claim 1 wherein said HUD image and said panel image are simultaneously displayed by said combiner and said panel screen respectively.

9. The display system of claim 1 wherein said panel screen comprises a diffusion screen.

10. The display system of claim 1 wherein said optical selector means comprises a selective mirror.

11. The display system of claim 1 wherein the first image source projects a HUD image in a first wavelength band, the second image source projects a panel display image having spectral components in a second wavelength band outside said first band, and the optical selector means is a wavelength selective mirror which substantially reflects light within one of said first or second wavelength bands and substantially transmits light outside the reflected wavelength band.

12. The display system of claim 1 wherein the first image source projects a narrow-band HUD image.

13. The display system of claim 1 wherein the combiner is a wavelength selective optical element which substantially reflects light from said first image source and substantially transmits light at other optical wavelengths.

14. An integrated head-up and panel display system comprising:

a HUD image source for projecting a monochromatic HUD image;

a panel image source for projecting a panel image;

a wavelength-sensitive fold mirror arranged to substantially reflect light of the HUD image and to substantially transmit light of the panel image;

an optical combiner for reflecting said monochromatic HUD image to a system exit pupil and for transmitting ambient light to said exit pupil; and

a look-down display screen assembly arranged to receive light transmitted through said fold mirror for displaying said panel image.

15. The system of claim 14 wherein said screen assembly is adapted to redirect and diffuse the light incident thereon from said panel image source toward said exit pupil.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein said screen assembly comprises:

a Fresnel lens for collimating the light transmitted by the fold mirror;

a homogenous diffusing screen for diffusing the light collimated by said Fresnel lens;

a fiber optic faceplate having a plurality of optical fibers therein arranged substantially parallel to the exit rays from said diffusing screen so that undiffracted rays incident thereon are absorbed in said fiber optic faceplate; and

an optical field lens for refracting the output light from the fiber optic faceplate to converge at the exit pupil.

17. The display system of claim 14 wherein said screen assembly comprises a substantially transparent substrate supporting diffraction holograms for diffracting multi-color light transmitted through said fold mirror.

18. The display system of claim 14 wherein said HUD image source comprises a monochromatic cathode ray tube and a relay lens assembly for directing the HUD image light to said fold mirror at a predetermined first angle.

19. The display system of claim 18 wherein said panel image source comprises a multi-color liquid crystal image projector and a lens assembly for projecting the multi-color image to said fold mirror at a predetermined second angle different from said first angle.

20. An integrated head-up and panel display system comprising:

a first image source for projecting a HUD image;

a second image source for projecting a panel image;

a display system housing having a front panel portion facing a system user;

a HUD fold mirror disposed in the housing between the second image source and the front panel portion for substantially reflecting HUD image light from the first image source;

a combiner mounted on the housing adjacent the front panel portion for receiving HUD image light reflected from the fold mirror and directing it toward the system user;

a panel screen mounted on the front panel portion of the housing for receiving panel image light from the second image source transmitted through said fold mirror thereof visible to the user; and

wherein said HUD image and said panel image are displayed simultaneously.

21. The display system of claim 20 wherein said HUD fold mirror substantially transmits panel image light from the second image source.

22. The display system of claim 20 wherein said HUD fold mirror comprises a holographic diffraction element.

23. The display system of claim 20 wherein said HUD fold mirror comprises a graded-index coating.