Extracorporeal blood de-heparinization system

• US 4,800,016 A
• Filed: 11/24/1986
• Issued: 01/24/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: University of Michigan
• Inventors: Yang, Victor C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Fisher, Richard V.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jones, W. Gary
• Application Number:
  US06/934,012
• Time in Patent Office: 792 Days
• Field of Search: 502/401, 502/402, 502/404, 210/263, 210/321.3, 210/321.4, 210/502.1, 210/206, 210/321.72-321.81, 210/257.2, 210/259, 210/295, 536/21, 604/4.5, 424/101, 422/45, 422/101
• US Class Current: 210/206
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3675 Deactivation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 67/0093 Chemical modification
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/24 Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/262 obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds per se C08G
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/265 modified or post-treated polymers polymer carriers or substrates subjected to further impregnating or coating B01J20/3208
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/267 Cross-linked polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28021 Hollow particles, e.g. hollow spheres, microspheres or cenospheres
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28023 Fibres or filaments fibres or filaments in the form of membranes B01J20/28038; B01J20/28007 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3212 consisting of a polymer obtained by reactions otherwise than involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3217 Resulting in a chemical bond between the coating or impregnating layer and the carrier, support or substrate, e.g. a covalent bond
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3248 the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3251 comprising at least two different types of heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3253 comprising a cyclic structure not containing any of the heteroatoms nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, e.g. aromatic structures
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3274 Proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, antibodies or antigens

Abstract

Heparin in an extracorporeal blood flow circuit is removed from the blood flow with the use of a filter which contains immobilized protamine on a blood-compatible support. In medical procedures where blood is processed in an extracorporeal device, such as an artificial kidney, or a heart-lung machine, the blood is heparinized to prevent clotting thereof in the channels of the extracorporeal device, and the formation of thrombi. In accordance with the invention, the processed, heparinized blood is conducted to a filter arrangement wherein protamine is held immobilized on a support formed of a blood-compatible material. Such an arrangement actually removes heparin from the blood rather than merely negates the anticoagulation effects of the heparin, as is the case in conventional protamine infusion therapy. In the present invention, the extracorporeal blood which is returned to the patient is substantially free of both heparin and protamine. Various chemical mechanisms are presented for activating a polymeric support material so as to bond covalently with the protamine.

Claims

1. A system for extracorporeal treatment of blood of a living in an extracorporeal device having an inlet and an outlet, the system comprising;

means for adding heparin to an extracorporeal flow of the blood prior to the blood entering the inlet of the extracorporeal device; and

filter means formed of protamine for binding said heparin, said protamine being immobilized in a biocompatible polymer support material, said filter means being coupled to the outlet of the extracorporeal device prior to returning the blood to a living being, whereby the returned blood is substantially free of said heparin.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said protamine is covalently bound to said polymer support matrix.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said polymer support matrix is characterized by having reactive functional groups on a surface thereof.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein said reactive functional groups are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, amino group, and carboxyl groups.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein said biocompatible support matrix is selected from the group consisting of cellulose, ethylene vinyl alcohol, nylon, ployurethane, polysulfone, polycarbonate, polyether, and polyethercarbonate,

6. An extracorporeal apparatus for treating a blood fluid, the apparatus comprising:

inlet means for receiving a heparinized blood fluid;

support means formed of a blood-compatible material and having protamine immobilized thereon for communicating with and removing haepain from the blood fluid;

means for returning the blood fluid, withour the removed heparin, to a living being; and

an artificial kidney for operating on the blood fluid, said artificial kidney having an outlet coupled to said inlet means.

7. An extracorporeal apparatus for treating a blood fluid, the apparatus comprising:

inlet means for receiving a heparinized blood fluid;

support means formed of a blood-compatible material and having protamine immobilized thereon for communicating with and removing heparin from the blood fluid;

means fro returning the blood fluid, without the removed heparin, to a living being; and

an artificial heart-lung for operating on the blood fluid, said artificial lung having an outlet coupled to said inlet means.