Apparatus for controlling pacing of a heart in response to changes in stroke volume
First Claim
1. An apparatus for sensing pressure changes in a heart chamber to determine opening and closing of a tricuspid valve in a heart, for using those determinations of openings and closings of the tricuspid valve to determine stroke volume and changes in stroke volume, and for controlling pacing of a heart relative to changes in stroke volume, said apparatus comprising:
- a pacer having therein pulse generating circuitry for generating pacing pulses, control circuitry for controlling the pulse generating circuitry and a socket;
a pacing lead having a proximal termination received in said pacer socket, being electrically coupled to said pacer in said socket and having a lead body;
a pressure sensor mounted in said lead body;
a pacing electrode on said lead body;
means for establishing a pacing circuit including said pacing electrode, said pulse generating circuitry and said control circuitry;
said control circuitry including circuit means in said pacer coupled to said sensor for sensing changes in pressure in a heart chamber to determine the opening of a tricuspid valve during each heart cycle and the closing of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle;
means for calculating ejection time from the openings and closings of the tricuspid valve;
means for calculating the changes in ejection time, Δ
ET, from calculations of ejection time;
means for calculating changes in stroke volume, Δ
SV from calculations of ejection time;
means for determining the required change in heart rate, Δ
R, relative to the changes in stroke volume, Δ
SV; and
means in said control circuitry for adjusting the pacing rate of said pacer relative to the required change in heart rate, Δ
R.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The apparatus is used for sensing opening and closing of a tricuspid valve in a heart, for using those sensings to determine stroke volume, and for controlling pacing of a heart relative to changes in stroke volume. The apparatus comprises a pacer, a pacing lead coupled to the pacer and having a lead body, a pressure sensor mounted in the lead body and a pacing electrode, circuit means in the pacer coupled to the sensor for sensing the opening of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle and for sensing the closing of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle; means for calculating ejection time from the openings and closings of the tricuspid valve; means for calculating the change in ejection time, ΔET, from calculations of ejection time; means for calculating changes in stroke volume, ΔSV, means for determining the required change in heart rate, ΔR, relative to the change in stroke volume, ΔSV; and means for adjusting the pacing rate of said pacer relative to the required change in heart rate, ΔR.
103 Citations
3 Claims
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1. An apparatus for sensing pressure changes in a heart chamber to determine opening and closing of a tricuspid valve in a heart, for using those determinations of openings and closings of the tricuspid valve to determine stroke volume and changes in stroke volume, and for controlling pacing of a heart relative to changes in stroke volume, said apparatus comprising:
- a pacer having therein pulse generating circuitry for generating pacing pulses, control circuitry for controlling the pulse generating circuitry and a socket;
a pacing lead having a proximal termination received in said pacer socket, being electrically coupled to said pacer in said socket and having a lead body;
a pressure sensor mounted in said lead body;
a pacing electrode on said lead body;
means for establishing a pacing circuit including said pacing electrode, said pulse generating circuitry and said control circuitry;
said control circuitry including circuit means in said pacer coupled to said sensor for sensing changes in pressure in a heart chamber to determine the opening of a tricuspid valve during each heart cycle and the closing of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle;
means for calculating ejection time from the openings and closings of the tricuspid valve;
means for calculating the changes in ejection time, Δ
ET, from calculations of ejection time;
means for calculating changes in stroke volume, Δ
SV from calculations of ejection time;
means for determining the required change in heart rate, Δ
R, relative to the changes in stroke volume, Δ
SV; and
means in said control circuitry for adjusting the pacing rate of said pacer relative to the required change in heart rate, Δ
R. - View Dependent Claims (2)
- a pacer having therein pulse generating circuitry for generating pacing pulses, control circuitry for controlling the pulse generating circuitry and a socket;
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3. An apparaus for sensing pressure changes in a heart chamber to determine opening and closing of a tricuspid valve in a heart, for using those determinations of openings and closings of the tricuspid valve to determine stroke volume and changes in stroke volume, and for controlling pacing of a heart relative to changes in stroke volume, said apparatus comprising:
- a pacer having therein pulse generating circuitry for generating pacing pulses, control circuitry for controlling the pulse generating circuitry therein and a socket, a pacing lead having a proximal termination received in said pacer socket, being electrically coupled to said pacer in said socket and having a lead body;
a pressure sensor mounted in the lead body;
a pacing electrode on said lead body;
means for establishing a pacing circuit including said pacing electrode, said pulse generating circuitry and said control circuitry;
said control circuitry including circuit means in said pacer coupled to said sensor for sensing changes in pressure in a heart chamber to determine the opening of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle and the closing of the tricuspid valve during each heart cycle;
means for calculating ejection time from the openings and closing of the tricuspid valve;
means for calculating the changes in ejection time, Δ
ET, from determinations of ejection time;
means for calculating changes in stroke volume, Δ
SV from calculations of ejection time, from the formula;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Δ
SV=0.30(Δ
ET)+0.63;means for determining the required changes in heart rate, Δ
R, relative to the change in stroke volume, Δ
SV; and
means in said control circuitry for adjusting the pacing rate of the pacer relative to the required change in heart rate, Δ
R.
- a pacer having therein pulse generating circuitry for generating pacing pulses, control circuitry for controlling the pulse generating circuitry therein and a socket, a pacing lead having a proximal termination received in said pacer socket, being electrically coupled to said pacer in said socket and having a lead body;
Specification