Image forming apparatus and method

• US 4,805,895 A
• Filed: 05/01/1987
• Issued: 02/21/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Robert E. Rogers
• Original Assignee: Robert E. Rogers
• Inventors: Rogers, Robert E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Scherbel, David A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHILCOT, RICHARD E
• Application Number:
  US07/044,936
• Time in Patent Office: 662 Days
• Field of Search: 272/2, 272/3, 272/8 R, 272/8 M, 272/8 P, 272/8.5, 272/10, 272/11, 272/13, 272/16, 272/18, 272/21
• US Class Current: 472/58
• CPC Class Codes: F21W 2131/406 for theatres, stages or film studios
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/56 by projecting aerial or floating images
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 21/56 Projection screens

Abstract

A theatrical imaging system for forming images where there are no image forming surfaces includes a theater having a raked audience viewing are in spaced apart relationship in front a stage. A false ceiling separates a motion picture projector and rear view projection screen, from the audience viewing area. The screen disposed above and in front of the audience provides a real image forming surface. A semi transmissive reflecting member disposed at an angle of 131/2 to 31 degrees to a vertical plane disposed normal to the average sight line of the audience member is disposed in facing relationship to the screen to generate a virtual image on the stage in the line of sight of the audience.

Claims

1. Apparatus for displaying a multi-media image to an audience comprising:

an image projection source for projecting an image to an image forming surface;

real image forming surface means for providing an image to be reflected to create a virtual image to be viewed by and in front of an audience region, the real image forming surface means disposed in spaced apart relationship in front of the image projection source;

means for masking the real image forming surface means from the audience;

a stage region;

an audience envelope defining a region in which a significant number of individuals may be gathered as an audience for simultaneous viewing the stage region, the stage region defining regions for viewing by a far observer, a close observer and an average observer, the close observer, far observer and average observer viewing regions defining central level sightlines and limit sightlines for the stage region; and

a first partially transmissive reflecting member for creating a virtual image in front of the real image forming surface, the reflecting member means disposed in front and in spaced apart relationship to the real image forming surface, substantially directly in front of and substantially within the limit sight lines of the close observer, far observer and average observer viewing regions, the reflecting member disposed at an acute angle to a vertical plane in front of the line of sight of the viewing audience;

whereby the central sightline to the virtual image of the average observer is substantially direct, the distance of the audience is relatively close to the virtual image, and the apparatus is housed in a theater of economially modest architectural and technical construction to minimize the reflecting member size and theatre size demands.

2. The invention as set forth in claim 1 and in which the reflecting member is disposed in a plane at an angle between 131/2 degrees and 31 degrees to a plane normal to the central sight line of the average observer, the reflecting member defining a virtual image in a region substantially directly along the central level sightline of the average observer.

3. The invention as set forth in claim 2 and in which the audience envelope defines a front row for locating a close observer, the masking means disposed above the audience envelope and the real image forming means disposed above and adjacent the front row.

4. The invention as set forth in claim 2 and further comprising theatrical sets disposed in a region behind the reflecting member in the vicinity of the virtual image.

5. The invention as set forth in claim 3 and in which the reflecting member comprising a semi reflective glass panel having a thickness of 3/8 inch to 3/4 inch, a size of about 3 meters tall and a reflectance efficiency approximate that of the transmissive efficiency.

6. The invention as set forth in claim 3 and in which the audience viewing region defines a box for seating in excess of 50 people disposed in at least 3 rows.

7. The invention as set forth in claim 5 and in which the projector comprises a motion projector for projection film of at least 35 mm format, and the projection angle is at a small acute angle to the horizontal.

8. The invention as set forth in claim 6 and in which the real image forming surface means comprises a flexible frosted plastic material.

9. The invention as set forth in claim 7 and in which the theatre comprises a viewing region having between 10 and 20 seats in width, a depth of 5 to 25 rows and the reflecting member is disposed at an angle of about 21 degrees.

10. Apparatus for displaying a multi-media image to an audience comprising:

a theater having a theatrical viewing region defining an audience envelope and a stage region, the audience envelope having plural rows of audience viewing areas defining a close observer in the foremost row, a far observer in the furthest row and an average observer midway between the foremost and the far most rows;

masking means for preventing the audience from observing an image projection system, the masking means disposed in facing relationship to a lateral plane, in spaced apart relationship to an audience viewing region;

an image projection source for projecting an image to an image forming surface;

real image forming surface means for providing an image to be reflected to the audience, the real image forming surface means disposed in advance of the image projection source above the masking surface means;

a first partially transmissive reflecting member disposed in front of the real image forming surface to create a virtual image in front of the real image forming surface, substantially directly in front and in the viewing line of sight of the audience, the reflecting member disposed at an acute angle to a vertical plane in front of the line of sight of the viewing audience and in reflecting relationship to the real image forming surface means, the first partially transmissive reflecting member disposed at an angle of between about 131/2 to 31 degrees to a plane normal to the line of sight of the audience viewing region; and

real object means for providing real objects visually perceived by an audience in combination with a virtual image reflected by by the reflecting member, the real object means disposed in advance of the reflecting member, whereby the real image is viewed by an audience in the audeince envelope as a virtual image combined with the real object means along a direct line of sight behind the reflecting member.

11. The invention as set forth in claim 10 and in which the real image forming surface means is disposed above the masking surface means.

12. The invention as set forth in claim 10 and in which

the real image is disposed at an angle of between 5 degrees and 38 degrees;

and

the virtual image is greater than 0.75 meters and less than 6 meters.

13. A process for forming visual images appearing to have transparency and suspended in space comprising the steps of:

projecting a first image disposed in spaced relationship to an audience envelope, along a vertical plane, upon a frosted medium to generate a first real image;

orienting the opaque medium at an acute angle to the vertical plane;

positioning a partially transmissive reflecting means in advance of the opaque medium to partially reflect the first image, and positioning the reflecting means in advance of the audience envelope; and

orienting the partially transmissive reflecting means about an angle of between about 131/2 degrees to 31 degrees, from a vertical plane normal to a sightline of the audience envelope;

whereby a virtual image is created in advance of the audience beyond the partially transmissive reflecting means, to create the illusion of an image before an audience having a depth of more than 4 rows, with commercially available glass, in a theater of reasonable architectural configuration.

14. The invention as set forth in claim 13 and in which the projection means and the opaque means is projected above the audience envelope.

15. The invention as set forth in claim 14 and in the virtual image is generated within a region of about 1/2 meter to 8 meters tall.

16. The invention as set forth in claim 14 and in which the opaque member is disposed at an angle of between about 5 degrees and 38 degrees to the vertical plane.

17. The invention as set forth in claim 14 and in which the reflecting member is disposed in a theater having a first row viewing row means and more remotely disposed viewing means spaced further apart from the reflecting member, and the step of orienting the reflecting member includes the step of orienting the distance of the reflecting member to the closest observer in the closest row a distance of more than 3 and less than 5 times the height of the virtual image, more than 4 meters and less than 8 meters.