Crack detecting window panel and method of producing same

• US 4,808,799 A
• Filed: 11/09/1987
• Issued: 02/28/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Libbey-Owens-Ford Company Toledo Oh A Corporation of
• Original Assignee: Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. (Eaton Corporation PLC.)
• Inventors: Schave, Richard D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Goldberg, E. A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LATEEF, MARVIN M
• Application Number:
  US07/118,238
• Time in Patent Office: 477 Days
• Field of Search: 219/552, 219/547, 219/509, 219/203, 219/218, 219/522
• US Class Current: 219/522
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10174 Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 1/0236 for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/035 Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/84 Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields

Abstract

A heated window assembly for a vehicle includes a pair of spaced apart bus bars connected by a conductive film. A sense line is connected to one of the bus bars to monitor and compare the voltage applied to the bus bar. A control circuit connected to the sense line detects a difference in voltage in the bus bar as compared to a reference voltage and disconnects the bus bars from the vehicle power supply.

Claims

1. A window assembly adapted to be electrically heated, comprising:

(a) a first transparent sheet having a major surface;

(b) a pair of spaced apart bus bars overlaid on and adhered to said major surface of said first sheet and each having a connector section adapted to be connected to an electrical power supply;

(c) a transparent electrically conductive film adhered to said major surface and electrically connected between said bus bars;

(d) at least one sense line overlaid on and adhered to said major surface, said sense line being connected to one of said bus bars at a predetermined location spaced from said connector section of said one bus bar for sensing a voltage applied to said one bus bar and said sense line adapted to be connected to a device for controlling an electrical power supply connected to said bus bars; and

(e) a second transparent sheet adhered to said first transparent sheet.

2. A window assembly adapted to be electrically heated, comprising:

(a) a first transparent sheet having a major surface;

(b) a pair of spaced apart bus bars overlaid on and adhered to said major surface of said first sheet and adapted to be connected to an electrical power supply;

(c) a transparent electrically conductive film adhered to said major surface and electrically connected between said bus bars;

(d) a sense line overlaid on and adhered to said major surface, one end of said sense line being connected to one of said bus bars intermediate opposite ends of said one bus bar for sensing a voltage applied to said one bus bar and an opposite end of said sense line adapted to be connected to a device for controlling an electrical power supply connected to said bus bars;

(e) an intermediate layer of an adhesive material adhered over said major surface of said first sheet and said film; and

(f) a second transparent sheet adhered to said intermediate layer.

3. A window assembly according to claim 2, wherein said adhesive material is a preformed plastic layer.

4. A window assembly adapted to be electrically heated, comprising:

(a) a first outer transparent sheet having an inner major surface;

(b) a pair of spaced apart bus bars overlaid on and adhered to said major surface of said first sheet and each having a connector section adapted to be connected to an electrical power supply;

(c) a transparent electrically conductive film adhered to said major surface and electrically connected between said bus bars;

(d) at least one sense line overlaid on and adhered to said major surface, said sense line being connected to one of said bus bars at a predetermined location spaced from said connector section of said one bus bar for sensing a voltage applied to said one bus bar and said sense line adapted to be connected to a device for controlling an electrical power supply connected to said bus bars;

(e) an intermediate layer of plastic material adhered over said major surface of said first sheet and said film; and

(f) a second inner transparent sheet adhered to said intermediate layer.

5. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein said first and second sheets are formed of a glass material.

6. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein said intermediate layer is formed of a polyvinyl butyral material.

7. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein said intermediate layer is formed of a polyester material.

8. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein said bus bars and said sense line are formed of a silver material.

9. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein a portion of said one bus bar extends along an upper edge of said first sheet and a portion of another of said pair of bus bars extends along a lower edge of said first sheet, and said film is connected between said bus bar portions.

10. The window assembly according to claim 4 including a band of opaque material adhered to said major surface and wherein said bus bars and said sense line are adhered to said band.

11. The window assembly according to claim 10 wherein said band is formed of a ceramic enamel material.

12. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein an insulating masking material is located between a portion of said one bus bar and said film.

13. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein an insulating masking material is located between said sense line and said film.

14. The window assembly according to claim 4 wherein a portion of each of said film, said intermediate layer and said second sheet are cut away to expose said connector section of each of said bus bars and a connector section of said sense line.

15. The window assembly according to claim 14 including an electrical lead connected to each of said connector selections of said bus bars and said sense line.

16. A vehicle window assembly adapted to be electrically heated from a vehicle power supply, comprising:

(a) an outer glass sheet having an inner major surface;

(b) an opaque band adhered to a peripheral portion of said major surface;

(c) an upper bus bar adhered to said band and extending from a lower edge of said outer sheet along a side edge and an upper edge of said outer sheet;

(d) a lower bus bar adhered to said band and extending along said lower edge of said outer sheet;

(e) a sense line adhered to said band and extending generally parallel to said upper bus bar, one end of said sense line being electrically connected to said upper bus bar between opposite ends of said upper bus bar;

(f) an electrically condcutive film adhered to said major surface over said band, said bus bars, and said sense line;

(g) an intermediate layer of plastic material adhered to said film;

(h) an inner glass sheet adhered to said plastic material layer; and

(i) three electrical leads each connected to an associated one of said bus bars and said sense line adjacent said lower edge of said outer sheet.

17. The window assembly according to claim 16 wherein a portion of each of said film, said intermediate layer and said inner glass sheet are cut away to expose said connections of said leads.

18. The window assembly according to claim 16 including a power switch connected between a vehicle power supply and a pair of said leads connected to said bus bars.

19. The window assembly according to claim 18 including control means connected between a one of said leads connected to said sense line and said power switch for actuating said power switch to disconnect said bus bars from said vehicle power supply in response to a predetermined voltage drop on said sense line.

20. The window assembly according to claim 16 including an insulating mask positioned over said sense line and over a portion of said upper bus bar adjacent said side edge and said lower edge of said outer sheet.

21. A method of manufacturing an electrically heated window assembly comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an outer transparent sheet having an inner major surface;

(b) applying an opaque ceramic enamel material in a band around a periphery of said major surface;

(c) adhering a pair of bus bars and a sense line to said band, a lower one of said bus bars formed along a lower edge of said outer sheet, an upper one of said bus bars formed along an upper edge and one side edge of said outer sheet, and said sense line formed between said upper bus bar and said side edge;

(d) applying an insulating mask over said sense line and over a portion of said upper bus bar adjacent said sense line;

(e) applying an electrically conducting film over said major surface, said band, and said bus bars;

(f) adhering an intermediate plastic layer to said film; and

(g) adhering an inner transparent sheet to said intermediate layer.

22. The method according to claim 21 including a step of forming a cutout in said inner sheet, said intermediate layer and said film to expose a connector section of each of said bus bars and said sense line.

23. The method according to claim 22 including a step of attaching a separate electrical lead to each of said connector section.

24. The method according to claim 21 including performing a step of removing said insulating mask between said steps (e) and (f).