Encoder capable of removing interaction between adjacent frames

• US 4,809,330 A
• Filed: 04/23/1985
• Issued: 02/28/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Inventors: Tanaka, Shunji, Matsumura, Naoki
• Primary Examiner(s): KEMENY, EMANUEL
• Application Number:
  US06/726,583
• Time in Patent Office: 1,407 Days
• Field of Search: 381/29-53
• US Class Current: 704/216
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/00 Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 muting semiconductor-based amplifiers when some special characteristics of a signal are sensed by a speech detector, e.g. sensing when no signal is present, H03G3/34

Abstract

In a multipulse pitch speech excitation generator, pulses which may everlap the next frame are eliminated by a subtraction process (CC-HH), and pulses from the next frame which may overlap the present frame are eliminated by selection.

Claims

1. An encoder for encoding an input signal into an encoded signal by the use of an autocorrelaton signal and a cross-correlation signal which are internally produced to specify autocorrelation and cross-correlation related to said input signal, respsectively, said input signal carrying a plurality of speech samples placed within both of a current frame and a part of a following frame, said encoder comprising:

impulse response deriving means responsive to said input signal for deriving an impulse response from said plurality of the speech samples of said input signal to produce an impulse response signal representative of said impulse response;

cross-correlation calculating means responsive to said input signal and said impulse response signal for calculating cross-correlation between said input signal and said impulse response signal in relation to said plurality of the speech samples for said current frame and said part of the following frame to produce a cross-correlation signal representative of the cross-correlation between said input signal and said impulse response signal;

autocorrelation calculating means coupled to said impulse response deriving means for calculating autocorrelation of said impulse response signal to produce an autocorrelaton signal representative of said autocorrelation;

control signal producing means responsive to said encoded signal and said autocorrelation signal for producing a control signal related to the autocorrelation of said part of the following frame;

subtracting means coupled to said cross-correlation calculating means and said control signal producing means for subtracting said control signal from said cross-correlation signal to produce a difference signal representative of a difference between said cross-correlation signal and said control signal, said difference signal being produced for said part of the following frame; and

processing means coupled to said subtracting means and said autocorrelation calculating means for processing said difference signal and said auto-correlation signal into said encoded signal produced only for said current frame.

2. An encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein said processing means comprises:

pulse producing means responsive to said difference signal and said autocorrelation signal for producing a sequence of primitive pulses produced for said current frame and said part of the following frame;

selecting means coupled to said pulse producing means for selecting only the primitive pulse sequence produced from said current frame as an excitation pulse sequence; and

means for producing said excitation pulse sequence as said encoded signal.

3. An encoder as claimed in claim 2, wherein said control signal producing means comprises:

means responsive to said excitation pulse sequence and said autocorrelation signal for producing a partial signal produced for said part of the following frame; and

means for supplying said subtracting means with said partial signal as said control signal.

forming a non-magnetic underlayer made of a non-magnetic material on a disc-shaped substrate by carrying out a physical vapor deposition by use of a mask having an opening with a predetermined diameter so that grains of the non-magnetic material grow and become oriented in a circumferential direction of said substrate, said mask being arranged substantially coaxially to said substrate, and

forming a magnetic layer made of a magnetic material on said non-magnetic underlayer by carrying out a physical vapor deposition, said magnetic layer having a magnetic easy axis thereof oriented in the circumferential direction of said substrate.