Method and apparatus for the determination of substances in human fluids

• US 4,811,739 A
• Filed: 02/12/1988
• Issued: 03/14/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Robert H. Silver
• Original Assignee: Robert H. Silver
• Inventors: Silver, Robert H.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/158,024
• Time in Patent Office: 396 Days
• Field of Search: 128/664, 128/665, 128/745, 351/221
• US Class Current: 600/475
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/10 Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for determining the presence of substances in human fluids, utilizing variable wavelength beam of light, which is analyzed by spectrographic methods after passage through the vitreous humor of the eye.

Claims

1. An apparatus for determining the presence of substances in the vitreous humor of the eye of a subject wherein the absorption of light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye is analyzed comprising in combination:

(a) means for generating incident light;

(b) optical means for focusing said incident light through the pupil and the vitreous humor of the eye of a subject and onto the retina of the eye; and

(c) means for measuring the intensity of the incident light that is reflected from the retina back through the vitreous humor and pupil of the eye, and for comparing the intensity of the reflected light with the intensity of the incident light in order to determine the amount of absorption of the incident light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said optical means comprises means for focusing said incident light entirely through the pupil and vitreous humor of the eye of a subject and onto the retina of the eye.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said incident light is infrared light.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said means for generating incident light comprises a source of variable wavelength light.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said means for generating incident light comprises a source of variable wavelength infrared light.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 in which an indication of the wavelength and amplitude of the incident infrared light is provided to said means for measuring the intensity of the incident light that is reflected from the retina back through the vitreous humor and pupil of the eye, and for comparing the intensity of the reflected light with the intensity of the incident light in order to determine the amount of absorption of the incident light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye.

7. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said means for measuring the intensity of the incident light that is reflected from the retina back through the vitreous humor and pupil of the eye, and for comparing the intensity of the reflected light with the intensity of the incident light in order to determine the amount of absorption of the incident light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye includes display means for displaying the amount of absorption of the incident light.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said incident light is infrared light.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said means for generating incident light comprises a source of infrared light and a beam splitter positioned to reflect light from said source into the eye and to permit the light reflected from the retina to impinge upon the detection means.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said means for measuring the intensity of the incident light that is reflected from the retina back through the vitreous humor and pupil of the eye, and for comparing the intensity of the reflected light with the intensity of the incident light in order to determine the amount of absorption of the incident light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye includes display means for displaying the amount of absorption of the incident light.

11. A method for determining the presence of substances in the vitreous humor of the eye of a subject wherein the absorption of light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye is analyzed comprising steps of:

(a) focusing light through the pupil and vitreous humor of the eye of a subject and onto the retina of the eye;

(b) detecting and measuring the intensity of the light reflected from the retina back through the vitreous humor and pupil of the eye; and

(c) comparing the intensity of the reflected light with the intensity of the incident light in order to determine the amount of absorption of the incident light passing through the vitreous humor of the eye.

12. The method of claim 11 which includes comparing the intensity of the light detected with the intensity of the light directed through the pupil in order to determine the amount of light absorbed by the vitreous humor to thereby determine the presence of substances in the vitreous humor of the eye.

13. The method of claim 12 in which the light is infrared light.

14. The method of claim 12 in which the light is variable wavelength infrared light.

15. The method of claim 11 in which the light is variable wavelength light.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein the light is focussed entirely through the pupil and vitreous humor of the eye of a subject and onto the retina of the eye.