Dual-polarization, omni-directional antenna system

• US 4,814,777 A
• Filed: 07/31/1987
• Issued: 03/21/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Monser, George J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sikes, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Le, Hoanganh
• Application Number:
  US07/080,264
• Time in Patent Office: 599 Days
• Field of Search: 343/727, 343/725, 343/797, 343/798, 343/799, 343/800, 343/826, 343/829, 343/853, 343/846, 343/893, 342/372, 342/373
• US Class Current: 343/727
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/205 providing an omnidirectional coverage turnstile aerials H01Q21/26
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/24 Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction circularly polarised patch antennas H01Q9/0428; circularly polarised horns H01Q13/0241; cross-polarised horns H01Q13/0258; polarisation converters H01Q15/242; cross-polarised rear feeds H01Q19/136; crossed polarisation dual antenna H01Q25/001
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 25/001 Crossed polarisation dual antennas orthomode horns H01Q13/0258; cross-polarised rear feeds H01Q19/136; orthomode transducers H01P1/161

Abstract

An antenna system comprising a vertical monopole antenna coupled to a first feed on a ground plane conductor and a dipole antenna comprising a plurality of horizontal dipole antenna elements coupled to a corresponding plurality of feeds on the ground plane conductor, the plurality of dipole antenna elements being disposed about the first feed. The vertical monopole antenna comprises a plurality of monopole antenna elements, the plurality of monopole antenna elements and the plurality of dipole antenna elements being alternately radially disposed about the first feed. With such arrangement, the plurality of vertical monopole elements produce a vertically polarized beam having a predetermined (such as omni-directional) radiation pattern about the first feed, and the plurality of horizontal dipole antenna elements produce a horizontally polarized beam having a predetermined (such as omni-directional) beam pattern about the first feed; that is, the antennas are provided with substantially coincident phase centers. The monopole antenna elements do not substantially adversely affect (i.e. shadow) the omni-directional beam pattern produced by dipole antenna elements, and the dipole antenna elements do not substantially adversely affect the omni-directional beam pattern produced by the monopole antenna elements. Thus, the vertically polarized antenna elements may be disposed in close proximity to the horizontally polarized antenna elements, with no substantial degradation of the omni-directional beam patterns of either antenna, thereby allowing the total size of the antenna system to be reduced.

Claims

1. An antenna system comprising:

(a) a first antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a first polarization; and

(b) a second antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, said second antenna means comprising a plurality of antenna elements disposed about said first antenna means, and wherein pairs of the plurality of antenna elements are electrically connected to form dipole antennas, and wherein the antenna elements of each said pair are disposed on opposite sides of the first antenna means.

2. The antenna system of claim 1 wherein said first antenna means comprises a plurality of antenna elements coupled to a common feed and further comprising:

a plurality of feeds correspondingly coupled to the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means, said plurality of feeds being disposed about said common feed.

3. The antenna system of claim 2 wherein the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means are alternately radially disposed about said common feed with the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means.

4. The antenna system of claim 3 wherein the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means are radially disposed about said common feed substantially orthogonally with respect to one another, and the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means are radially disposed about said common feed substantially orthogonally with respect to one another, with each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means substantially bisecting the angle between a pair of the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means.

5. The antenna system of claim 3 further comprising:

a ground plane conductor, the common feed supporting the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means a first predetermined distance above the ground plane conductor, and the plurality of feeds supporting the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means a second predetermined distance above the ground plane conductor.

6. The antenna system of claim 5 wherein each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means comprises a blade having a predetermined length disposed substantially vertically with respect to the ground plane conductor.

7. The antenna system of claim 5 wherein each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means comprises a blade having a predetermined length disposed substantially horizontally with respect to the ground plane conductor.

8. The antenna system of claim 4 further comprising:

(a) means for generating a signal; and

(b) means for selectively coupling the generated signal to the first antenna means and the second antenna means in response to a control signal.

9. The antenna system of claim 8 wherein said coupling means comprises means for coupling the generated signal to the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means with a predetermined phase shift therebetween.

10. The antenna system of claim 9 wherein said predetermined phase shift is substantially -90°

.

11. The antenna system of claim 2 further comprising:

a third antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a second polarization, disposed adjacent to the first and second antenna means, said third antenna means comprising a plurality of antenna elements disposed about a point.

12. The antenna system of claim 11 further comprising a ground plane conductor, the first, second and third antenna means being disposed above the ground plane conductor with the point being spaced from the common feed by a predetermined distance.

13. The antenna system of claim 12 wherein the second antenna means is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a first frequency range and the third antenna means is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a second frequency range.

14. In combination:

(a) a first antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a first polarization;

(b) a ground plane conductor, said first antenna means being disposed above said ground plane conductor; and

(c) a second antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, said second antenna means comprising a plurality of antenna elements disposed about said first antenna means above said ground plane conductor.

15. The combination of claim 14 wherein said first antenna means comprises a plurality of antenna elements coupled to a common feed and further comprising:

a plurality of feeds correspondingly coupled to the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means, said plurality of feeds being disposed about said common feed.

16. The combination of claim 15 wherein the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means are alternately radially disposed about said common feed with the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means.

17. The combination of claim 16 wherein the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means are radially disposed about said common feed substantially orthogonally with respect to one another, and the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means are radially disposed about said common feed substantially orthogonally with respect to one another, with each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means substantially bisecting the angle between a pair of the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means.

18. The combination of claim 16 wherein the common feed supports the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means a first predetermined distance above the ground plane conductor, and the plurality of feeds support the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means a second predetermined distance above the ground plane conductor.

19. The combination of claim 18 wherein each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the first antenna means comprises a blade having a predetermined length disposed substantially vertically with respect to the ground plane conductor.

20. The combination of claim 18 wherein each one of the plurality of antenna elements of the second antenna means comprises a blade having a predetermined length disposed substantially horizontally with respect to the ground plane conductor.

21. The combination of claim 14 further comprising:

a third antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having the second polarization, disposed adjacent to the first and second antenna means above the ground plane conductor, said third antenna means comprising a plurality of antenna elements disposed about a point spaced from the first antenna means by a predetermined distance.

22. The combination of claim 21 wherein the second antenna is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a first frequency range and a third antenna is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a second frequency range.

23. An antenna system comprising:

(a) a first antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a first polarization, said first antenna means comprising a first plurality of antenna elements electrically coupled to a first feed and disposed radially about said first feed;

(b) a ground plane conductor, the first feed being disposed thereon supporting the first plurality of antenna elements a predetermined distance above the ground plane conductor; and

(c) a second antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, said second antenna means comprising a second plurality of antenna elements each one of the second plurality of antenna elements being coupled to a corresponding one of a plurality of feeds disposed on the ground plane conductor about the first feed, with each one of the second plurality of antenna elements being radially disposed about said first feed between a pair of the first plurality of antenna elements.

24. The antenna system of claim 23 wherein said first antenna means further comprises a plurality of ground plane elements corresponding to the first plurality of antenna elements and electrically coupled to the ground plane conductor, the plurality of ground plane elements being disposed radially about the first feed below the first plurality of antenna elements and substantially aligned with said first plurality of antenna elements.

25. The antenna system of claim 24 wherein each one of the first plurality of antenna elements and the corresponding one of the plurality of ground plane elements are separated by a predetermined spacing at the first feed, said spacing increasing along the radial extent of the antenna element and the ground plane element.

26. The antenna system of claim 23 further comprising:

a third antenna means for operating with radio frequency energy having the second polarization, disposed adjacent to the first and second antenna means, said third antenna means comprising a third plurality of antenna elements disposed about a point spaced from the first feed by a predetermined distance.

27. The antenna system of claim 26 wherein the antenna system has a nominal operating wavelength, λ

_o, said predetermined distance between the point and the first feed being substantially 1/3λ

_o.

28. The antenna system of claim 27 wherein the second antenna means is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a first frequency range and the third antenna means is selected to operate with radio frequency energy having a frequency within a second frequency range.