Drainage material and drainage core for a drainage system

• US 4,815,892 A
• Filed: 01/21/1988
• Issued: 03/28/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Netlon Limited (Tensar International Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Netlon Limited (Tensar International Corporation)
• Inventors: Martin, Keith F.
• Primary Examiner(s): CORBIN, DAVID
• Application Number:
  US07/146,544
• Time in Patent Office: 432 Days
• Field of Search: 405/19, 405/36, 405/43, 405/45, 405/50, 405/128, 405/258, 52/169.5, 428/222, 428/246, 428/247, 428/255, 428/284
• US Class Current: 405/45
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/028 Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/26 another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12
• CPC Class Codes: E02B 11/00 Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes draining sports grounds E01C13/083; for consolidating foundation soil, e.g. sand drain piles E02D3/10
• CPC Class Codes: E02D 31/02 against ground humidity or ground water E02D31/06 takes precedence; arrangements other than according to E02D31/04; against hydraulic pressure of groundwater E02D31/10

Abstract

A drainage system having an at least 2.5 mm thick bi-planar mesh structure drainage core and a filter material against one face and a filter material or impervious member against the other face. The drainage core has generally parallel main strands interconnected by generally parallel subsidiary strands. The main strands are at least twice as tall as the subsidiary strands. The outer faces of the subsidiary strands are coplanar with, and form, one face of the drainage core. The ratio of the free cross-sectional area of each main flow channel to the free cross-sectional area of each subsidiary flow channel, if any, is at least 2.5:1. The drainage core can resist pressures of at least 400 kPa, exhibits a flow fall-off of not more than 20% under an external pressure normal to the faces of 400 kPa.

Claims

1. A drainage system comprising:

a mesh structure defining a first face and a second face, having an overall, face-to-face thickness of at least 2.5 mm, and being capable of resisting a pressure over its faces of at least 100 kPa without catastrophic collapse, the mesh structure comprising generally parallel main strands interconnected by generally parallel subsidiary strands, the outer faces of the subsidiary strands being generally coplanar with one of said faces of the mesh structure and the main strands being spaced from said one face, thereby defining main flow channels between and parallel to the main strands and subsidiary flow channels between and parallel to the subsidiary strands, the ratio of the free cross-sectional area of substantially each main flow channel to the free cross-sectional area of substantially each subsidiary flow channel being at least 2.5;

1, the main strands being at least twice as tall as the subsidiary strands;

a pervious member against the first face of the mesh structure; and

a pervious or impervious member against the second face of the mesh structure.

3. The drainage system of claim 1, wherein the main strands are generally triangular or truncated triangular in cross-section.

4. The drainage system of claim 1, wherein the widths of the subsidiary strands are greater than the heights.

5. The drainage system of claim 1, wherein depressions have been formed by pressure across the main strands, the depressions being spaced out along the lengths of the main strands.

6. The drainage system of claim 1, wherein the mesh structure has been integrally extruded without substantial stretching after cooling.

7. The drainage system of claim 1, and comprising two layers, one layer being said mesh structure and the second layer being formed of a mesh structure comprising main strands and subsidiary strands, the main strands of each layer facing each other and being at an angle to each other so that the main strands cross and support one layer securely against the other, and an impervious layer between the two layers of mesh structure.

8. The drainage system of claim 1, and comprising two layers, one layer being said mesh structure and the second layer being formed of a mesh structure comprising main strands and subsidiary strands, the subsidiary strands of each layer being on the inside.

9. The drainage system of claim 8, which has been formed by integral extrusion of a tube followed by flattening the tube.

2. A drainage system comprising:

a mesh structure defining a first face and a second face, having an overall, face-to-face thickness of at least 2.5 mm, and being capable of resisting a pressure over its faces of at least 100 kPa without catastrophic collapse, the mesh structure comprising generally parallel main strands interconnected by generally parallel subsidiary strands, one face of the main strands and the outer face of the subsidiary strands being generally coplanar with one face of the mesh structure, thereby defining flow channels between and parallel to the main strands, the main strands being at least twice as tall as the subsidiary strands;

a pervious member against the first face of the mesh structure; and

a pervious or impervious member against the second face of the mesh structure.

10. An integrally-extruded, plastics material mesh structure drainage core for forming a drainage system, the core having an overall, face-to-face thickness of at least 2.5 mm and being capable of resisting a pressure over its face of at least 100 kPa without catastrophic collapse, the core comprising two layers of mesh structure in the form of a single flattened tube, the mesh structure comprising generally parallel main strands extending generally longitudinally of the tube, interconnected by generally parallel subsidiary strands extending generally helically of the tube, the inner faces of the subsidiary strands being generally coplanar with the inner face of the mesh structure, and the subsidiary strands of one said layer thereby crossing the subsidiary strands of the other said layer to support one layer against the other, the mesh structure thereby defining main flow channels between and parallel to the main strands and optionally subsidiary flow channels between and parallel to the subsidiary strands, the ratio of the free cross-sectional area of substantially each main flow channel to the free cross-sectional area of substantially each subsidiary flow channel, if any, being at least 2.5:

1, the main strands being at least twice as tall as the subsidiary strands.

11. An integrally-extruded, plastics material mesh structure drainage core for forming a drainage system, the core having an overall, face-to-face thickness of at least 4.5 mm, the mesh structure comprising generally parallel main strands having a height of at least 4 mm and of truncated triangular cross-section, interconnected by generally parallel subsidiary strands whose width is greater than their height, the outer faces of the subsidiary strands being generally coplanar with one face of the mesh structure, thereby defining main flow channels between and parallel to the main strands and optionally subsidiary flow channels between and parallel to the subsidiary strands, the ratio of the free cross-sectional area of substantially each main flow channel to the free cross-sectional area of substantially each subsidiary flow channel, if any, being at least 2.5:

1, the main strands being at least 3.5 times as tall as the subsidiary strands, the pitch of the main strands being at least 1.5 times the pitch of the subsidiary strands, and the core exhibiting a flow fall-off of not more than about 20% under an external pressure normal to the face of 400 kPa.