Three-dimensional auditory display apparatus and method utilizing enhanced bionic emulation of human binaural sound localization
First Claim
1. A three dimensional auditory display apparatus for selectively giving the illusion of sound localization to a listener comprisingmeans or receiving at least one multifrequency component, electronic input signal which is representative of one or more sound signals,front to back localization means for boosting the amplitudes of certain frequency components of the amplitudes of other frequency components of the input signal to selectively give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is positioned either ahead of or behind the listener and for thereby outputting the input signal with a front to back cue;
- elevation localization means, including a variable notch filter, connected to the front to back localization means for selectively attenuating a selected frequency component of the front to back cued signal to give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is at a particular elevation with respect to the listener and to thereby output a signal to which a front to back cue and an elevational cue have been imparted; and
azimuth localization means connected to the elevation localization means for generating two output signals corresponding to the front to back and elevation cued signal output from the elevation localization means, with one of the two output signals being delayed with respect to the other by a selected period of time to shift the apparent location of the sound source to the left or the right of the listener, the azimuth localization means further including elevation adjustment means for decreasing the time delay with increases in the apparent elevation of the sound source with respect to the listener, the azimuth location means being connected in series with the front to back localization means and the elevation localization means.
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Abstract
An artificial, three dimensional auditory display which artificially imparts localization cues to a multifrequency component electronic signal which corresponds to a sound source. The cues imparted are a front to back cue in the form of attenuation and boosting of certain frequency components of the signal, an elevational cue in the form of severe attenuation of a selected frequency component, i.e. variable notch filtering, an azimuth cue by means of splitting the signal into two signals and delaying one of them by a selected amount which is not greater than 0.67 milliseconds, an out of head localization cue by introducing delayed signals corresponding to early reflections of the original signal, an environment cue by introducing reverberations and a depth cue by selectively amplitude scaling the primary signal and the early reflection and reverberation signals.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A three dimensional auditory display apparatus for selectively giving the illusion of sound localization to a listener comprising
means or receiving at least one multifrequency component, electronic input signal which is representative of one or more sound signals, front to back localization means for boosting the amplitudes of certain frequency components of the amplitudes of other frequency components of the input signal to selectively give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is positioned either ahead of or behind the listener and for thereby outputting the input signal with a front to back cue; -
elevation localization means, including a variable notch filter, connected to the front to back localization means for selectively attenuating a selected frequency component of the front to back cued signal to give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is at a particular elevation with respect to the listener and to thereby output a signal to which a front to back cue and an elevational cue have been imparted; and azimuth localization means connected to the elevation localization means for generating two output signals corresponding to the front to back and elevation cued signal output from the elevation localization means, with one of the two output signals being delayed with respect to the other by a selected period of time to shift the apparent location of the sound source to the left or the right of the listener, the azimuth localization means further including elevation adjustment means for decreasing the time delay with increases in the apparent elevation of the sound source with respect to the listener, the azimuth location means being connected in series with the front to back localization means and the elevation localization means. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13)
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10. A three dimensional auditory display apparatus for selectively giving illusion of sound localization to a listener comprising
means for receiving at least one multifrequency component, electronic input signal which is representative of one or more sound signals, front to back localization means for selectively boosting biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 392 Hz and 3605 Hz of the biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 1188 Hz and 10938 Hz to introduce a front cue to the biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 392 Hz and 3605 Hz of the electronic input signal while simultaneously boosting biasing bands those center frequencies are approximated at 1188 Hz and 10938 Hz to introduce a rear cue to the electronic input signal, the front to back localization means thereby outputting a front to back cued signal; - and
elevation location means, including a variable notch filter, connected to the front to back localization means for selectively attenuating a selected frequency component of the front to back cued signal to give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is at a particular elevation with respect to the listener and to thereby output a signal to which a front to back cue and an elevational cue have been imparted.
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14. A method of creating a three dimensional auditory display for selectively giving the illusion of sound localization to a listener comprising the following steps:
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front to back localizing by receiving at least one multifrequency component, electronic input signal which is representative of at least one sound signal and boosting the amplitudes of certain frequency components of the input signal while simultaneously attenuating the amplitudes of other frequency components of the input signal to selectively produce a front to back cued signal giving the illusion to the listener that the sound source is either ahead of or behind the listener and elevational localizing by selectively attenuating a selected frequency component of the front to back cued signal to produce a front to back and elevation cued signal giving the illusion that the sound source of the signal is at a particular elevation with respect to the listener; and azimuth localizing by generating two output signals corresponding to the front to back and elevation cued signal, with one of the output signals being delayed with respect to the other by a selected period of time to shift the apparent sound source to the left or the right of the listener and decreasing the time delay with increases in the apparent elevation of the sound source with respect to the listener to impart an azimuth cue to the front to back and elevation cued signal. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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15. A method of creating a three dimensional auditory display for selectively giving the illusion of sound localization to a listener comprising the following steps:
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front to back localizing by receiving at least one multifrequency component, electronic input signal which is representative of at least one sound signal and selectively boosting biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 392 Hz and 3605 Hz of the signal while simultaneously attenuating biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 1188 Hz and 10938 Hz and selectively attenuating biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 392 Hz and 3605 Hz of the signal while simultaneously boosting biasing bands whose center frequencies are approximated at 1188 Hz and 10938 Hz to selectively produce a front to back cued signal which imparts to the listener the illusion that the sound source of the signal is either ahead of or behind the listener; and elevational localizing by selectively attenuating a selected frequency component of the front to back cued signal to give the illusion that the sound source of the signal is at a particular elevation with respect to the listener.
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Specification