Infrared imager for viewing subcutaneous location of vascular structures and method of use

• US 4,817,622 A
• Filed: 07/22/1986
• Issued: 04/04/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 07/22/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Carl Pennypacker, Donald E. Morris, Pieter P. Tans
• Original Assignee: Carl Pennypacker, Donald E. Morris, Pieter P. Tans
• Inventors: Pennypacker, Carl, Tans, Pieter P., Morris, Donald E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US06/888,916
• Time in Patent Office: 987 Days
• Field of Search: 128/653, 128/664, 250/330, 250/342, 358/166, 358/167, 358/164, 358/169, 358/113
• US Class Current: 600/473
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/365 augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15003 for venous or arterial blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150748 Having means for aiding positioning of the piercing device at a location where the body is to be pierced means for aiding positioning of devices for bringing media into the body A61M5/427, locating blood vessels A61B5/489
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/489 Blood vessels

Abstract

A human appendage, typically the inside of the elow, is illuminated with an infrared source, for example, at least one incandescent light bulb. A video camera for producing a video image and immediately overlying monitor for displaying the video image is utilized to look at the flesh. The camera is sensitive to infrared radiation. A video display results in which infrared absorbing or scattering contrasting portions of the flesh are highlighted, for example, hard to find veins for insertions of needles. A contrast enhancing circuit is included which discloses amplifying the video information with high contrast enhancement of the video. Adaptation of the disclosed circuit to conventional TV charge coupled device cameras and monitors is illustrated with compensation of horizontal sweep to even image background, intensity averaging line to line for vertical image uniformity and display of image contrasts on a log amplification format.

Claims

1. Apparats for producing an enhanced contrast infrared image of the flesh for viewing subcutaneous structures such as veins in flesh illuminated with light which includes infrared light, said apparatus comprising:

light source means including means for providing infrared light and adapted to illuminate a portion of flesh so as to produce an image of said flesh from differential absorption of said infrared light on said flesh;

video camera means adapted to receive an image of said differentially absorbed infrared light on said illuminated flesh and output a video signal;

monitor means for playing back from said outputted video signal the image of said illuminated flesh; and

,

circuit means connecting said video camera means and said monitor means for producing an enhanced contrast image of said flesh in real time whereby said image from said differential absorption of infrared light has the contrast enhanced to view subcutaneous structure such as veins.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 and wherein said monitor means is located immediately overlying said camera means and oriented to display said image away from said camera means whereby said image in said monitor means overlies said flesh in space.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said circuit means includes means for generating successive horizontal scans and further includes means for vertically averaging the intensity of each horizontal scan to the intensity of at least one horizontal scan.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 and wherein said circuit means includes means for adjusting the background of said horizontal scans with respect to a corresponding scan of said camera means and monitor means.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 and wherein said circuit means includes means for amplifying the video signal of said camera profiled to a log output.

6. The invention of claim 5 and wherein said circuit means includes means for passing to high amplification, high frequency contrast signals in said video signal.

7. A process for viewing infrared absorbing or scattering structures in flesh, such as veins, comprising

illuminating said flesh with an infrared light source to produce differential infrared absorption of infrared light;

taking an infrared video image, using a video camera, of said infrared illuminated flesh to produce a differential infrared absorption image of said illuminated flesh on a monitor;

outputting a video signal of said differential infrared absorption image of said illuminated flesh;

providing enhanced contrast amplification to the video signal derived from the infrared image of said flesh; and

,

playing back the video image of said flesh on a monitor to produce a high contrast visible image of infrared absorbing or scattering structures in said flesh in real time.

8. The process of claim 7 and including the step of positioning said monitor immediately overlying said camera and orienting said monitor to display said image away from said camera and the flesh whereby said image in said monitor overlies said flesh in space.

9. The process of claim 7 and including amplifying said video signal by preferably amplifying high frequency portions of said video signal to enhance said infrared absorbing or scattering structures.

10. The process of claim 7 and including in said amplification step vertically averaging each line of said video signal with respect to a previous line of said video signal.

11. The process of claim 7 and including in said amplification step adjustment of the horizontal background of said scan.