Method for optically ascertaining parameters of species in a liquid analyte
First Claim
1. A method of determining the presence of more than one component in a single liquid sample by use of multiple internal reflections of excitation radiation in a waveguide comprising the steps of:
- coating a surface of a waveguide with a reactant specific to a first component contained in the sample;
exposing said coated surface to the sample, thereby allowing formation of a layer of a complex formed by the reaction of said reactant and said first component;
illuminating an input end of said waveguide with an optical excitation signal in a manner such that an evanescent component of said signal penetrates a sufficient distance into said sample to interact with said complex layer with a second component in the bulk of said sample;
collecting the optical signal after said interaction; and
subsequently analyzing said signal to determine the presence or quantity of each of said first and second components in the sample.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An optical waveguide with one or more coatings of reactants specific to species to be analyzed in a liquid analyte immersed therein. A light signal carried by the waveguide undergoes interaction either with the bulk analyte whereby a first signal in connection with the bulk analyte is obtained and, simultaneously, with a layer of complex resulting from the reaction of one of said specific reactant with one of said species or with two or more complex layers corresponding to two or more of said species, this generating a second (or more) signal to provide the required analytical information on said species.
282 Citations
22 Claims
-
1. A method of determining the presence of more than one component in a single liquid sample by use of multiple internal reflections of excitation radiation in a waveguide comprising the steps of:
-
coating a surface of a waveguide with a reactant specific to a first component contained in the sample; exposing said coated surface to the sample, thereby allowing formation of a layer of a complex formed by the reaction of said reactant and said first component; illuminating an input end of said waveguide with an optical excitation signal in a manner such that an evanescent component of said signal penetrates a sufficient distance into said sample to interact with said complex layer with a second component in the bulk of said sample; collecting the optical signal after said interaction; and subsequently analyzing said signal to determine the presence or quantity of each of said first and second components in the sample. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
-
-
12. A method determining the presence of more than one component in a single liquid sample by use of multiple internal reflections of excitation radiation in a waveguide, said method comprising the steps of:
-
coating a first surface of said waveguide with a reactant specific to a first component in said sample; exposing said first coated surface, and a second surface of said waveguide, to said sample thereby allowing formation of a layer of complex on the first surface, said layer formed by the reaction of said reactant and said first component; illuminating an input and of said waveguide with an optical excitation signal in a manner such that the evanescent component of said signal interacts with said complex layer at said first surface, and with the bulk solution of said sample at said second surface; collecting the optical signal after said interactions; and subsequently processing said signal to ascertain the presence or quantity of each of said first and second components. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15)
-
-
16. An apparatus for the combined determination of hemoglobin and at least one hemoglobin factor in a blood sample comprising
waveguide means for carrying an optical signal; -
light source means for providing said optical signal to an input end of said waveguide means; holding means for containing said blood sample; light detecting means for collecting said optical signal exiting from an output end of said waveguide means, and for generating an electrical signal in response to said optical signal; and computing means for processing said electrical signal and for providing output information in response thereto; wherein the waveguide means is coated along a portion thereof with a reactant specific to a hemoglobin factor so as to form a layer of complex from said reactant and said factor when said waveguide is exposed to said sample; and wherein a second portion of said waveguide means is untreated or treated with a hemoglobin factor blocking agent; so that when the light signal interacts with said reactant coated portion, information is gathered for the determination of a hemoglobin factor, and where the light signal interacts with said untreated or blocked portion, information is gathered for the determination of hemoglobin. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
-
-
22. An apparatus for the substantially simultaneous determination in more than one component of a liquid sample comprising:
-
waveguide means for carrying an optical signal; light source means for providing said optical signal to an input end of said waveguide means; holding means for containing said liquid sample; light detecting means for collecting said optical signal from an output end of said waveguide means, and for generating an electrical signal in response to said optical signal; computing means for processing said electrical signal and providing output information in response thereto; wherein said waveguide means is coated along a portion thereof with a reactant specific to a first component in said sample so as to form a layer of complex from said reactant and said component when said waveguide is exposed to said sample; and wherein said light source means and said waveguide means are arranged such that an evanescent component of said light source means interacts with both said reactant/component complex and the bulk of said sample so that information is obtained substantially simultaneously from each both the reactant/component complex and the bulk of said sample.
-
Specification