Lactone-modified, Mannich base dispersant additives useful in oleaginous compositions

• US 4,820,432 A
• Filed: 07/24/1987
• Issued: 04/11/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Gutierrez, Antonio, Lundberg, Robert D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dixon, Jr., William R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Johnson, Jerry D.
• Application Number:
  US07/077,713
• Time in Patent Office: 627 Days
• Field of Search: 252/51.5 A, 521/136, 525/148, 525/163
• US Class Current: 508/292
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 63/6852 derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/221 compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/16 obtained by Mannich reactions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/06 Well-defined aromatic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/00 Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/026 Butene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/289 containing free hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/086 polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/042 between the nitrogen-containing monomer and an aldehyde or ketone
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/043 Mannich bases
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/044 : Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 : Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/042 : Metal salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/065 : containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/12 : obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2225/04 : obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2225/041 : Hydrocarbon polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 : Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/09 : Complexes with metals
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/04 : Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 : for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/044 : for manual transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 : for traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/06 : Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol-fuelled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/252 : Diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/253 : Small diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives

Abstract

Poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adducts are made by reacting a C₅ -C₉ lactone, an amine, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxyarylamine, and a hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid producing material, e.g., a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, which, in turn, preferably is made by reacting a polymer of a C₂ to C₁₀ monoolefin, preferably polyisobutylene, having a molecular weight of about 700 to 10,000 with a C₄ to C₁₀ monounsaturated acid, anhydride or ester, preferably maleic anhydride, such that there are about 0.7 to 2.00 dicarboxylic acid producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer used in the reaction mixture. The resulting adducts are useful per se as oil soluble dispersant additives. They are also useful in fuel and lubricating oil compositions, as well as in concentrates and additive packages.

Claims

1. A poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material useful as an oil additive and formed by reacting a C₅ -C₉ lactone, an amine, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxyaryl amine and a hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material, said hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material being formed by reacting an olefin polymer of a C₂ -C₁₀ monoolefin having a number average molecular weight of about 700 to about 10,000 and a C₄ -C₁₀ monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid material, wherein there is an average of 0.7 to about 2.0 dicarboxylic producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer used in the reaction, and said poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct containing the unit ##STR21## wherein m has a average value of from 0.2 to about 100, and z is 4 to 8.

2. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl substituted imide, thereafter admixing said imide with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction to form an intermediate adduct having a amino functional group capable of initiating lactone open ring polymerization, and then reacting said lactone with said intermediate adduct.

3. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl substituted imide having a functional group capable of initiating lactone ring open polymerization, thereafter reacting said imide with said lactone to form an intermediate adduct, and then admixing said intermediate adduct with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction.

4. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine and said lactone to form a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate adduct, and thereafter reacting with said adduct a mixture of said hydrocarby substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine.

5. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said N-hydroxyarylamine and said aldehyde to form a first Mannich base intermediate containing a functional group capable of ring opening polymerization of said lactone, thereafter admixing and reacting said lactone with said first Mannich base intermediate to form a second Mannich base intermediate, and then admixing and reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second Mannich base intermediate.

6. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said first intermediate with said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl hydroxyaryl amine to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second Mannich base intermediate.

7. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said aldehyde and said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second intermediate.

8. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone-modified Mannich base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine to form an intermediate poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) adduct, followed by reacting said intermediate adduct with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

9. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannicch base adduct according to claim 1, wherein said adduct has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, and then reacting said intermediate with said aldehyde and a second intermediate formed by reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

10. The poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 1, wherein said C₅ -C₉ lactone is E-caprolactone.

11. The adduct material according to claim 10, wherein said C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material is maleic anhydride.

12. The adduct material according to claim 11, wherein said olefin polymer is polyisobutylene.

13. The adduct material according to claim 12, wherein said amine is selected from the group consisting of polyamines of about 2 to 60 total carbon atoms and about 2 to 12 nitrogen atoms in the molecule.

14. The adduct material according to claim 13, wherein said amine is an aliphatic saturated amine having the formula ##STR22## wherein R and R'"'"' independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁ to C₂₅ straight or branched chain alkyl radicals, C₁ to C₁₂ alkoxy C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals, and C₁ to C₁₂ alkylamino C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals;

each s is the same or a different number of from 2 to 6; and

t is a number of from 0 to 10, with the provision that when t=0, at least one of R or R'"'"' must be H such that there are at least two of either primary or secondary amino groups.

15. The adduct material of claim 14, wherein said amine is selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-diaminoethane;

1, 3-diaminopropane;

1, 4-diaminobutane;

1, 6-diaminohexane;

diethylene triamine;

triethylene tetramine;

tetraethylene pentamine;

1, 2-propylene diamine;

di-(1, 2-propylene)triamine;

di-(1, 3-propylene) triamine;

N, N-dimethyl-1, 3-diaminopropane;

N, N-di-(2-aminoethyl) ethylene diamine; and

N-dodecyl-1, 3-propane diamine.

16. The adduct material according to claim 13, wherein said amine is selected from the group consisting of alicyclic diamines, imidazolines, morpholines, and N-aminoalkyl piperazines of the general formula:

##STR23## wherein G is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and omega-(non-tertiary)aminoalkylene radicals of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and p is a number of from 1 to 4.

17. The adduct material according to claim 13, wherein said amine is a mixture of poly(ethyleneamines) averaging about 5 to about 7 nitrogen atoms per molecule.

18. The adduct material of claim 13, wherein said amine is a polyoxyalkylene polyamine having the formula:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">NH.sub.2 - alkylene -(0-alkylene)-.sub.m NH.sub.2

where m has a value of about 3 to 70;

or

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R -[alkylene - (0-alkylene) -.sub.n NH.sub.2 ].sub.a

where n has a value of about 1 to 40 with the provision that the sum of all the n'"'"'s is from about 3 to about 70, R is a substituted saturated hydrocarbon radical of up to ten carbon atoms, wherein the number of substituents on the R group is represented by the value of "a", which is a number from 3 to 6.

19. The adduct material according to claim 1, wherein the average value of m is 1 to about 20.

20. The adduct material according to claim 13, wherein the average value of m is 1 to about 20.

21. The adduct material according to claim 14, wherein the average value of m is 1 to about 20.

22. The adduct according to claim 12, wherein there are about 1.0 to 1.5 succinic anhydride units per polyisobutylene moiety used in said reaction.

23. The adduct according to claim 21, wherein there are about 1.0 to 1.5 succinic anhydride units per polyisobutylene moiety used in said reaction.

24. The adduct according to claim 13, wherein there are about 1.0 to 1.5 succinic anhydride units per polyisobutylene moiety used in said reaction.

35. A lubricating oil composition comprising lubricating oil and about 0.01 to 15 wt. % of the poly (C₅ -C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material of claim 1.

36. A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the poly (C₅ -C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material of claim 1.

37. A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the poly (C₅ -C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 10.

38. A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the poly (C₅ -C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 12.

39. A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the poly (C₅ -C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 22.

40. A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of lubricating oil and about 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the poly (C₅ C₉) lactone modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 17.

41. A lubricating oil composition containing 0.01 to 15 wt. %, based on the weight of the total composition, of a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 10.

42. A lubricating oil composition containing 0.01 to 15 wt. %, based on the weight of the total composition, of a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 12.

43. A lubricating oil composition containing 0.01 to 15 wt. %, based on the weight of the total composition, of a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 24.

44. A lubricating oil composition containing 0.01 to 15 wt. %, based on the weight of the total composition, of a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material according to claim 17.

47. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl subsituted imide having a functional group capable of initiating lactone ring open polymerization, thereafter reacting said imide with said lactone to form an intermediate adduct, and then admixing said intermediate adduct with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction.

48. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said amine and said lactone to form a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate adduct, and thereafter reacting with said adduct a mixture of said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine.

49. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said N-hydroxyarylamine and said aldehyde to form a first Mannich base intermediate containing a functional group capable of ring opening polymerization of said lactone, thereafter admixing and reacting said lactone with said first Mannich base intermediate to form a second Mannich base intermediate, and then admixing and reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second Mannich base intermediate.

50. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said first intermediate with said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second intermediate.

51. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said aldehyde and said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second intermediate.

52. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by reacting said amine with said lactone, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine to form an intermediate poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) adduct, followed by reacting said intermediate with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

53. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 43, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, and then reacting said intermediate with said aldehyde and a second intermediate formed by reacting said Nhydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

25. An oleaginous composition comprising a lubricating oil and a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material prepared by reacting an amine, a hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxy-arylamine and a C₅ -C₉ lactone, said hydrocarbyl substituted C₄ -C₁₀ dicarboxylic acid producing material being formed by reacting an olefin polymer of a C₂ -C₁₀ monoolefin of 700 to about 10,000 M_n with a C₄ -C₁₀ monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid material, wherein there is an average of from about 0.7 to about 2.0 dicarboxylic acid producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer used in the reaction, and wherein said poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material contains the unit ##STR24## where m is a number having an average value of from 0.2 to about 100, and z is 4 to 8.

26. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl substituted imide thereafter admixing said imide with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction to form an intermediate adduct having an amino function group capable of initiating lactone open ring polymerization, and then reacting said lactone with said intermediate adduct.

27. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl subsituted imide having a functional group capable of initiating lactone ring open polymerization, thereafter reacting said imide with said lactone to form an intermediate adduct, and then admixing said intermediate adduct with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction.

28. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said amine and said lactone to form a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate adduct, and thereafter reacting with said adduct a mixture of said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine.

29. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said N-hydroxyarylamine and said aldehyde to form a first Mannich base intermediate containing a functional group capable of ring opening polymerization of said lactone, thereafter admixing and reacting said lactone with said first Mannich base intermediate to form a second Mannich base intermediate, and then admixing and reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second Mannich base intermediate.

30. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said first intermediate with said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second intermediate.

31. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said aldehyde and said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, followed by reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and then by reacting said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material with said second intermediate.

32. An oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting amine with said lactone, said aldehyde and said N-hydroxyaryl amine to form an intermediate poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) adduct, followed by reacting said intermediate adduct with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

33. An olegenous composition according to claim 25, wherein said poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base adduct material has been prepared by first reacting said amine with said lactone to form a first poly(C₅ -C₉ lactone) intermediate, and then reacting said intermediate with said aldehyde and a second intermediate formed by reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material.

34. The oleaginous composition according to claim 25, wherein said C₅ -C₉ lactone monomer is Ecaprolactone.

45. An oil soluble dispersant useful as an oil additive, comprising the product of a reaction of:

(I) a hydrocarbyl substitued C₄ to C₁₀ monounsaturated dicarboxylic acid producing material formed by reacting olefin polymer of C₂ to C₁₀ monoolefin having a molecular weight of about 700 to 5,000 and a C₄ to C₁₀ monounsaturated acid material, wherein there are 0.7 to 2.0 dicarboxylic acid producing moieties per molecule of said olefin polymer in the reaction mixture;

(II) a C₅ -C₉ lactone, wherein there are, on the average, 0.2 to about 100 C₅ -C₉ lactone derived moieties per moiety of said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid material used in the reaction;

(III) an aldehyde having the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R"CHO,

where R is hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

(IV) an amine; and

(V) an N-hydroxyarylamine having the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">H.sub.2 N--Ar--OH,

where Ar represents ##STR25## where the Ar group may be substituted with hydrocarbyl groups or with 1 to 3 halogen radicals, and r is an integer of 1 or 2.

46. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 45, wherein said dispersant has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine with said hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid producing material to form an N-hydroxyaryl hydrocarbyl substituted imide, thereafter admixing said imide with said amine and said aldehyde and subjecting the admixture to a Mannich base reaction to form an intermediate adduct having an amino functional group capable of initiating lactone open ring polymerization, and then reacting said lactone with said intermediate adduct.

54. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 45, wherein said C₅ -C₉ lactone is E-caprolactone, and wherein said dispersant contains the unit ##STR26## wherein m is from 1 to about 100.

55. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 54, wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of polyamines of about 2 to 60 total carbon atoms and about 2 to 12 nitrogen atoms in the molecule.

56. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 55, wherein m is 1 to 20, and wherein said polyamine is an aliphatic saturated amine having the general formula ##STR27## wherein R and R'"'"' independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁ to C₂₅ straight or branched chain alkyl radicals, C₁ to C₁₂ alkoxy C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals, and C₁ to C₁₂ alkylamino C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals;

each s is the same or a different number of from 2 to 6; and

t is a number of from 0 to 10, with the proviso that when t=0, at least one of R or R'"'"' must be H such that there are at least two of either primary or secondary amino groups.

57. An oil soluble dispersant according to claim 56, wherein said polyamine is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diaminoethane;

1,3-diaminopropane;

1,4-diaminobutane;

1,6-diaminohexane;

diethylene triamine;

triethylene tetramine;

tetraethylene pentamine;

1,2-propylene diamine;

di(1,2-propylene)triamine;

di-(1,3-propylene triamine;

N,N-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane;

N,N-di-(2-aminoethyl) ethylene diamine; and

N-dodecyl-1,3-propane diamine.

58. The oil soluble dispersant of claim 55, wherein said amine is selected from the group consisting alicyclic diamines, imidazoles, morpholines, and N-aminoalkyl piperazines of the general formula:

R1 ? ##STR28## wherein G is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and omega-(non-tertiary)aminoalkylene radicals of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and p is a number of from 1 to 4.

59. The oil soluble dispersant according to claim 55, wherein said polyamine is a mixture of poly(ethyleneamines) averaging about 5 to about 7 nitrogen atoms per molecule.

60. The oil soluble dispersant according to claim 55, wherein said polyamine is a polyoxyalkylene polymine having the formula:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">NH.sub.2 - alkylene - (O-alkylene).sub.m - NH.sub.2

where m has a value of about 3 to 70;

or

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R -[alkylene 0 (O-alkylene).sub.n - NH.sub.2 ].sub.a

where n has a value of about 1 to 40 with the provison that the sum of all the n'"'"'s is from about 3 to about 70, R is a substituted saturated hydrocarbon radical of up to ten carbon atoms, wherein the number of substituents on the R group is represented by the value of "a", which is a number from 3 to 6.

61. An oil soluble reacton product useful as an oil additive comprising:

(a) polymer consisting essentially of C₂ to C₁₀ monoolefin, said polymer being of 700 to 10,000 molecular weight and substituted with succinic moieties selected from the group consisting of acid, anhydride and ester groups, wherein there are about 0.7 to 2.0 molar proportions of succinic moieties per molar proportion of said polymer,

(b) amine containing 2 to 60 carbon atoms and 2 to 12 nitrogen groups, and

(c) C₆ -C₉ lactone,

(d) N-hydroxyaryl amine having the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">H.sub.2 N-Ar-OH,

where Ar represents ##STR29## wherein the Ar group may be substituted with hydrocarbyl groups or with 1 to 3 halogen groups, and r is an interger of 1 or 2, and

(e) aldehydes having the formula

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">RCHO,

where R is hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrcarbon radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

wherein there are, on the average, about 0.2 to 100 molar proportion of (e) per molar proportion of said oil soluble reaction product.

62. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (a) is first reacted with (d) to form a first intermediate, wherein a mixture of (b) and (e) is then reacted with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and wherein (c) is then reacted with said second intermediate.

63. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (a) is first reacted with (d) to form a first intermediate, wherein (e) is then reacted with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and wherein a mixture of (b) and (e) are then reacted with said second intermediate.

64. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (b) is reacted with (c) to form a first intermediate, wherein (a) is reacted with (d) to form a second intermediate, and wherein said first intermediate is then reacted with a mixture of said second intermediate and (e).

65. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (d) is reacted with (b) and (e) to form a first intermediate, wherein (c) is reacted with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and wherein (a) is reacted with said second intermediate.

66. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (b) is first reacted with (c) to form an intermediate, and wherein said intermediate is then reacted with a mixture of (a), (d) and (e).

67. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein (b) is first reacted with (c) to form a first intermediate, wherein a mixture of (e) and (d) is reacted with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and wherein said second intermediate is reacted with (a).

68. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein a mixture of (c), (b) and (e) is reacted to form a first intermediate, wherein (d) is reacted with said first intermediate to form a second intermediate, and wherein (a) is then reacted with said second intermediate.

69. The oil soluble reaction product of claim 61 wherein a mixture of (b), (c), (d) and (e) is first reacted to form an intermediate which is then reacted with (a).

70. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 61, wherein (b) is an aliphatic saturated amine having the general formula ##STR30## wherein R and R'"'"' independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁ to C₂₅ straight or branched chain alkyl radicals, C₁ to C₁₂ alkoxy C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals, and C₁ to C₁₂ alkylamino C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals;

each s is the same or a different number of from 2 to 6, and t is a number of from 0 to 10, with the provison that when t=0, at least one of R or R'"'"' must be H such that there are at least two of either primary or secondary amino groups.

71. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 70, wherein (b) is amine is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diaminoethane;

1,3-diaminopropane;

1,4-diaminobutane;

1,6-diaminohexane;

diethylene triamine;

triethylene tetramine;

tetraethylene pentamine;

1,2-propylene diamine;

di-(1,2-propylene)triamine;

di-(1,3-propylene triamine;

N,N-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane;

N,N-di-(2-aminoethyl) ethylene diamine; and

N-dodecyl-1,3-propane diamine.

72. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 61, wherein (b) is a mixture of poly(ethyleneamines) averaging about 5 to about 7 nitrogen atoms per molecule.

73. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 61, wherein (a) is polyisobutylene of about 700 to 3,000 molecular weight substituted with succinic anhydride moieties.

74. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 70, wherein (c) is E-caprolactone and wherein there are about 1 to 20 molar proportions of (c) per molar proportion of said reaction product.

75. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 74, wherein (a) is a polyisobutylene of about 900 to about 2,500 molecular weight substituted with succinic anhydride moieties.

76. The oil soluble reaction product according to Claim 74, wherein (b) is an aliphatic saturated amine having the general formula ##STR31## wherein R and R'"'"' independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁ to C₂₅ straight or branched chain alkyl radicals, C₁ to C₁₂ alkoxy C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals, and C₁ to C₁₂ alkylamino C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals;

each s is the same or a different number of from 2 to 6, and t is a number of from 0 to 10, with the provison that when t=0, at least one of R or R'"'"' is H such that there are at least two of either primary or secondary amino groups.

77. The oil soluble reacton product according to claim 76, wherein (b) is amine is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diaminoethane;

1,3-diaminopropane;

1,4-diaminobutane;

1,6-diaminohexane;

diethylene triamine;

triethylene tetramine;

tetraethylene pentamine;

1,2-propylene diamine;

di-(1,2-propylene)triamine;

di-(1,3-propylene triamine;

N,N-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane;

N,N-di-(2-aminoethyl) ethylene diamine; and

N-dodecyl-1,3-propane diamine.

78. The oil soluble reaction product according to claim 74, wherein (b) is a mixture of poly(ethyleneamines) averaging about 5 to about 7 nitrogen atoms per molecule.

79. An oleaginous composition comprising a lubricating oil and the oil soluble additive of claim 61.

80. The oleaginous composition of claim 79, wherein said lactone is E-caprolactone and wherein there are, on the average, from about 1 to 20 molar proportions of lactone per molar proportion of said oil soluble additive.

81. The oleaginous composition according to claim 79, wherein said amine is an aliphatic saturated amine having the general formula ##STR32## wherein R and R'"'"' independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁ to C₂₅ straight or branched chain alkyl radicals, C₁ to C₁₂ alkoxy C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals, and C₁ to C₁₂ alkylamino C₂ to C₆ alkylene radicals;

each s is the same or a different number of from 2 to 6, and t is a number of from 0 to 10, with the provison that when t=0, at least one of R and R'"'"' is H such that there are at least two primary or secondary amino groups present in said polyamine.

82. The oleaginous composition according to claim 79, wherein said polyamine is a mixture of poly(ethyleneamines) averaging about 5 to about 7 nitrogen atoms per molecule.

83. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 79, wherein (a) is polyisobutylene of about 700 to 3,000 molecular weight substituted with succinic anhydride moieties.

84. A lubricating crankcase motor oil composition for automotive vehicles and trucks comprising a major amount of lubricating oil;

from about 0.01 to 15 wt. % of the oil soluble reaction product of claim 61; and

an effective amount of a viscosity modifier.

85. The compositon according to claim 84, wherein said composition also contains an effective amount of an anti-wear agent.

86. A lubricating crankcase motor oil composition for automotive vehicles and trucks comprising a major amount of lubricating oil;

from about 0.01 to 15 wt. % of the oil soluble reaction product of claim 62; and

an effective amount of a viscosity modifier.

87. The compositon according to claim 86, wherein said composition also contains an effective amount of an anti-wear agent.

88. An additive concentrate comprising about 20 to 80 wt. % lubricating oil and 20 to about 80 wt. % of an oil soluble reaction product which is a poly (C₅ -C₉ lactone) modified Mannich base according to claim 61.

89. The additive concentrate according to claim 88, wherein said oil soluble reaction product has been prepared by first reacting said N-hydroxyaryl amine (d) with said polymer (a) to form a first intermediate, then reacting said first intermediate with a mixture of said amine (b) and said aldehyde (e) to form a second intermediate, and finally reacting said lactone (c) with said second intermediate.

90. The concentrate according to claim 88, which also contains an effective amount of a viscosity modifier.

91. The concentrate according to claim 90, which also contains an effective amount of an antiwear agent.

92. The concentrate according to claim 89, wherein said lactone is E-caprolactone, and wherein said oil soluble reaction product contains, on the average, from 1 to 20 caprolactone moieties per molecule of said monoolefin polymer.

93. An additive concentrate according to claim 92, which also contains an effective amount of a viscosity modifier.

94. An additive concentrate according to claim 93, which also contains an effective amount of a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate.