Process and device for supplying respiratory oxygen

• US 4,827,922 A
• Filed: 03/02/1988
• Issued: 05/09/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 03/05/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: L'Air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'Etude et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude (L'Air Liquide SA)
• Original Assignee: L'Air Liquide SA
• Inventors: Theurant, Gilbert, Champain, Roger
• Primary Examiner(s): Burr, Edgar S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lewis, Aaron J.
• Application Number:
  US07/163,517
• Time in Patent Office: 433 Days
• Field of Search: 128/204.28, 128/204.21, 128/204.18, 128/204.23, 128/204.26, 128/204.29
• US Class Current: 128/204.21
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0677 Gas-saving devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/202 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/204 used for inhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/205 used for exhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/206 Capsule valves, e.g. mushroom, membrane valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0024 with an on-off output signal, e.g. from a switch
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 9/0077 for measuring reflected light

Abstract

The invention relates to the supply of superoxygenated air to a patient during a part of the inspiratory phase. An electrically controlled supply valve is opened as soon as the sensor of a detector receives a depression signal due to a start of inspiration. This produces a voltage which is compared with a reference voltage corresponding to the atmospheric pressure previously stored in a memory. The duration of the injection is counted and is proportional to the duration of the non-injection which is dependent on the duration of the expiratory phase.

Claims

1. A method for supplying a patient having inspiratory and expiratory phases with respiratory oxygen, comprising the following steps:

(a) providing an oxygen supply during only a part of an inspiratory phase;

(b) initiating said inspiratory phase by detecting a reduction in pressure in a detecting chamber;

(c) modifying current from a sensor means in response to an increase in optical flux due to a reduction in the distance between said sensor means and a reflector means which is due to an expansion of a windbag resulting from a pressure drop in said detecting chamber to insure a supply of respiratory gas;

(d) storing, in a memory, during each inspiratory-expiratory phase, a reference output voltage of said sensor means representing the atmospheric pressure; and

(e) causing the delivery of breathable gas to the patient at the start of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory phase detected by comparison of said reference voltage with a voltage representing an inspiratory depression.

2. A process according to claim 1, further comprising the following additional step:

regulating the duration of the supply of breathable gas as a direct function of the duration of the preceding expiratory phase.

3. A process according to claim 1, further comprising the following step:

said detecting chamber in communication with the ambient atmosphere to create a reference voltage following a delay after the end of an operation during which breathable oxygen was supplied.

9. A process according to claim 1, wherein said reference voltage is compared with a voltage representing the end of an expiratory phase.

4. A device for supplying breathable oxygen, comprising:

(a) gas delivery means;

(b) a supply conduit connected to said delivery means including first valve means for supplying breathable oxygen, said valve means having three ways;

(c) a detecting chamber having an opening therein, said opening communicating with the atmosphere, wherein said detecting chamber includes, a flexible windbag having an upper wall with an opening therein, wherein said upper wall is fixed to said detecting chamber such that said windbag opening is aligned with said detecting chamber opening thereby permitting said windbag to communicate with the atmosphere, and said windbag further including a lower wall opposed to said upper wall, and sensor means having beam emitter means, reflector means placed against said lower wall of said windbag for receiving a beam emitted by said beam emitter means, and beam receiver means mounted relative to said detecting chamber at a distance from said reflector means for receiving a beam reflected by said reflector means;

(d) second valve means connected to said detecting chamber, said second valve means having three ways, one of said ways putting said detecting chamber in communication with air of the atmosphere, the third way of said first valve means being connected to a third way of said second valve means; and

(e) means for cyclically controlling said first valve means and said second valve means.

5. A supply device according to claim 4, wherein the means for cyclically controlling said first valve means and said second valve means comprises:

(a) means for creating an electronic reference voltage representing the pressure in said detecting chamber;

(b) memory means for storing said reference voltage in memory;

(c) comparison means for effecting a comparison between said stored reference voltage and an instantaneous voltage representing the pressure in the detecting chamber, said comparison means causing, when there is a difference between said reference voltage and said instantaneous voltage, the immediate opening of said first valve means and a deferred opening of said second valve means

6. A device according to claim 4, further comprising:

(a) means for regulating the duration of the supply for breathable oxygen including;

means for counting the durations of supply and non-supply of breathable oxygen and means for comparing said durations; and

(b) means for causing a stoppage of said first valve means responsive to the action of said duration comparing means.

7. A device according to claim 5, further comprising:

(a) means for regulating the duration of the supply of breathable oxygen including;

means for counting the durations of the supply and non-supply of breathable oxygen and means for comparing said durations; and

(b) means for causing a stoppage of said first valve means responsive to the action of said duration comparing means.

10. A device according to claim 6, wherein said gas delivery means comprises a breathing mask.

11. A device according to claim 6, wherein said gas delivery means comprises a tracheal probe.

8. An apparatus for supplying breathable oxygen, comprising:

(a) gas delivery means;

(b) a source of breathable gas communicating with an accumulator-buffer including;

an outlet, a supply conduit connecting said outlet to said gas delivery means and a device having;

a first electronically controlled valve, said valve having three ways and adapted to be inserted into said conduit;

(c) a detecting chamber having an opening therein, said opening communicating with the atmosphere, wherein said detecting chamber includes, a flexible windbag having an upper wall with an opening therein, wherein said upper wall is fixed to said detecting chamber such that said windbag opening is aligned with said detecting chamber opening thereby permitting said windbag to communicate with the atmosphere, and said windbag further including a lower wall opposed to said upper wall, and an opto-electronic sensor comprising;

beam emitter means, reflector means placed against said lower wall of said windbag for receiving a beam emitted from said beam emitter means, and beam receiver means mounted at a distance from said reflector means for receiving the beam reflected by said reflector means;

(d) a second electrically controlled valve connected to said detecting chamber, said second electrically controlled valve having three ways for putting said detecting chamber in communication with air of the atmosphere, a third way of said first electrically controlled valve being connected to a third way of said second electrically controlled valve; and

(e) means for cyclically controlling said first valve and said second valve.

12. A device according to claim 8, wherein said gas delivery means comprises a breathing mask.

13. A device according to claim 8, wherein said gas delivery means comprises a tracheal probe.