Catheter tip polarographic lactic acid and lactate sensor for extended use in vivo
First Claim
1. An apparatus for the in vivo or in vitro measurement of concentrations of lactate, lactic acid, and derivatives thereof in blood at a specific site in a mammal body, wherein said lactate, lactic acid, or derivative thereof is reacted with an oxidase enzyme to produce pyruvate and hydrogen peroxide and said hydrogen peroxide is measured polarographically, comprising:
- (a) a catheter;
(b) an uncoated cathode positioned on and forming a tip of said catheter;
(c) an anode positioned behind said cathode in spaced relation to said tip and surrounding said catheter wherein said anode and said cathode are electrically insulated from each other;
(d) a multi-layered membrane completely surrounding said anode;
(e) a potential source providing an electrical connection between said anode and said cathode; and
(f) an oxidase meter connected to said potential source and adapted to detect a current produced between said anode and said cathode when said hydrogen peroxide diffuses through said membrane to contact said anode.
0 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A polarographic sensor capable of monitoring lactic acid and lactate levels which can be incorporated on catheters to permit the in vivo study of lactate metabolism. A catheter may be directed to various parts of the vascular system by fluoroscopy so that the lactic acid and lactate concentrations at a specific site may be monitored. The present invention makes it possible to continuously monitor lactate metabolism for an extended period of time.
-
Citations
24 Claims
-
1. An apparatus for the in vivo or in vitro measurement of concentrations of lactate, lactic acid, and derivatives thereof in blood at a specific site in a mammal body, wherein said lactate, lactic acid, or derivative thereof is reacted with an oxidase enzyme to produce pyruvate and hydrogen peroxide and said hydrogen peroxide is measured polarographically, comprising:
-
(a) a catheter; (b) an uncoated cathode positioned on and forming a tip of said catheter; (c) an anode positioned behind said cathode in spaced relation to said tip and surrounding said catheter wherein said anode and said cathode are electrically insulated from each other; (d) a multi-layered membrane completely surrounding said anode; (e) a potential source providing an electrical connection between said anode and said cathode; and (f) an oxidase meter connected to said potential source and adapted to detect a current produced between said anode and said cathode when said hydrogen peroxide diffuses through said membrane to contact said anode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
-
-
14. A polarographic sensor for continuous monitoring of levels of lactic acid, lactate and derivatives thereof in blood at a specific site in a mammal body comprising:
-
(a) a catheter having an uncoated cathode positioned on and forming an outer tip thereof and an anode positioned behind said cathode in spaced relation to said tip and electrically insulated from said cathode; (b) a potential source connecting said anode and said cathode; (c) a membrane surrounding said anode wherein said membrane further comprises an inner layer and an outer layer spacially separated; and (d) an oxidase enzyme solution situated between said outer and said inner layers. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
-
-
23. A method for the continuous in vivo measurement of lactate, lactic acid, derivatives thereof, alcohol and dextrose at a specific site in a mammal body comprising:
-
(a) providing a catheter having an anode and a cathode, said cathode forming an outer tip of said catheter and said anode being positioned behind said cathode in spaced relation to said tip and electrically insulated from said cathode; (b) said anode being surrounded with an inner membrane, a middle membrane, and an outer membrane, said membrane-covered anode having a diameter not greater than 2.0 mm; (c) connecting said anode and said cathode with a potential source; (d) connecting said anode to an oxidase meter; (e) inserting said catheter into the vascular system of said mammal body in such manner as to permit free circulation of blood around said membranes and said catheter; and (f) directing said catheter to a specific site with fluoroscopy. - View Dependent Claims (24)
-
Specification