Image sensor with improved response characteristics

• US 4,835,615 A
• Filed: 01/20/1987
• Issued: 05/30/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha
• Original Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha
• Inventors: Hamada, Masataka, Norita, Toshio, Taniguchi, Nobuyuki, Karasaki, Toshihiko, Ishida, Tokuji
• Primary Examiner(s): Ng, Jin F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BRINICH, STEPHEN M
• Application Number:
  US07/005,413
• Time in Patent Office: 861 Days
• Field of Search: 358/213.16, 358/213.19, 358/213.23-213.25, 358/221
• US Class Current: 348/297
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/55 Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/53 Control of the integration time
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/63 applied to dark current
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/70 SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/702 SSIS architectures characterised by non-identical, non-equidistant or non-planar pixel layout
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/75 Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array

Abstract

An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object includes a plurality of image sensor arrays. Each array comprises photoelectric converting elements arranged to receive the object image and accumulation cells coupled to each photoelectric converting element for accumulating charges produced from the photoelectric converting element. A buffer memory cells are coupled respectively to the accumulation cells for temporarily storing the accumulated charges shifted from the accumulation cells in response to the completion of the charge accumulation in each array. A shift register is provided to receive accumulated charges from the buffer memory cells in every one of the arrays after all the arrays complete the charge accumulation. The accumulated charges stored in the shift register are then sequentially outputted.

Claims

1. An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of arrays of charge accumulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependent upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

(b) a plurality of charge accumulation time control means, one control means provided for each of said arrays for producing a charge accumulation time control signal for the corresponding array, respectively;

(c) a plurality of buffer memory means, one buffer memory means provided for each of said arrays for temporarily storing the accumulated charges shifted from said sensor elements of the corresponding array in response to said charge accumulation time control signal of the charge accumulation time control means corresponding to the corresponding array;

(d) charge accumulation end detecting means for detecting the generation of all of the charge accumulation time control signals by all of the plurality of charge accumulation time control means for producing a shift signal thereupon; and

(e) serial outputting means for receiving said accumulated charges from said plurality of buffer memory means in response to said shift signal and for serially outputting signals representing said accumulated charges.

2. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said serial outputting means comprises:

a first serial outputting means coupled to a first predetermined buffer memory means;

a second serial outputting means coupled to a second predetermined buffer memory means;

means for activating said first serial outputting means to serially output signals representing said accumulated charges and, thereafter, activating said second serial outputting means to serially output signals representing said accumulated charges.

3. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said serial out putting means comprises a shift register coupled to every one of said plurality of buffer memory means.

8. An image sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein said receiving and storing means comprises a shift register coupled to every one of said plurality of buffer memory means.

4. An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of arrays of charge accumulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependent upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

(b) a plurality of monitor sensor means, each monitor sensor means provided adjacent one of said arrays for producing a monitor output signal varying at a speed dependent on the brightness of said image impinging on each of said arrays, respectively;

(c) reference signal producing means for producing at least one reference signal;

(d) comparing means for comparing each of said monitor output signals from each of said monitor sensor means with said reference signal; and

(e) a plurality of accumulation time control means, each provided corresponding to each of said arrays, respectively, for producing a charge accumulation time control signal in accordance with a result of the comparison carried out with respect to the monitor output signal from the monitor sensor means provided adjacent to the corresponding array and the reference signal.

5. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said plurality of accumulation time control means produce a charge accumulation time control signal in response to the reaching of said monitor output signal of the corresponding accumulation time control means to said reference signal, respective.

6. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 5, further comprising:

(a) a plurality of buffer memory means, each provided corresponding to one of said arrays, respectively, for temporarily storing the accumulated charge signals shifted from said sensor elements of the corresponding array in response to said charge accumulation time control signal of the charge accumulation time control means corresponding to the corresponding array;

(b) charge accumulation end detecting means for detecting the generation of said charge accumulation time control signal of all of said charge accumulation time control means for producing a shift signal thereupon; and

(c) serial outputting means for receiving said accumulated charges from said plurality of buffer emory means in response to said shift signal and for serially outputting signals representing said accumulated charges.

7. An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of arrays of charge accumulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependent upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

(b) charge accumulation time control means for independently controlling the charge accumulation time of each of said arrays;

(c) a plurality of memory means, each memory means provided to correspond to one of said arrays, respectively, for temporarily storing the accumulated charge signals shifted from said sensor elements of the corresponding array in response to said charge accumulation time control signal of the charge accumulation time control means corresponding to the corresponding array, and

(d) means for receiving and storing said accumulated charges from the plurality of buffer memory means at a predetermined moment.

9. An image sensor as claimed in claim 7, wherein said receiving and storing means comprises a first shift register coupled to half of said plurality of buffer memory means, and a second shift register coupled to as remaining half of said plurality of buffer memory means.

10. An image sensor as claimed in claim 7, wherein the number of said arrays is four.

11. An image sensor for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of arrays of charge accumulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependent upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

(b) charge accumulation time control means for independently controlling the charge accumulation time of each of said arrays;

(c) covering means provided in each of said arrays for optically coverign a predetermined number of sensor elements thereof located at a leading end portion of said array so that charges are accumulated for said covered sensor elments under a dark condition; and

(d) means for sequentially producing charge signals representing the accumulated charges from said plurality of arrays.

12. An image sensor as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:

(a) sampel and holding means for sample and holding said charges produced under the dark condition and for producing a dark signal representing the amount of the sampled charges;

(b) subtracting means for subtracting said dark signal from said charge signals.

13. An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of image sensor arrays of charge accumulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependednt upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

(b) a plurality of monitor sensor means, each provided adjacent one of said arrays for producing a monitor output signal varying at a speed dependent on the brightness of said image impinging on each of said arrays, respectively;

(c) means for sequentially producing charge signals representing the accumulate charges from said plurality of arrays;

(d) amplifier means for amplifying said charge signals; and

gain control means for controlling the gain of said amplifier means in accordance with said monitor output signals, so that charge signals from the respective arrays sequentially produced are amplified by said amplifying means at gains dependent on the brightness of said image impinging on the respective arrays.

14. An image sensor system for sensing an image of an object, comprising:

(a) a plurality of arrays of charge acucmulation type sensor elements, each arranged to receive said object image and capable of accumulating an electric charge at a speed dependent upon the intensity of light impinging thereon;

charge accumulation starting means for simultaneously starting the charge accumulation of all of said arrays;

charge accumulation terminating means for terminating all of the charge accumulation of said plurality of arrays independently of each other, and

(d) serial outputting means for serially outputting a plurality of accumulated charges in said plurality of arrays to the outside of the image sensor system.

15. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 14, wherein said plurality of arrays, said charge accumulation starting means, said charge accumulation terminating means, and said serial outputting means are provided on an identical semiconductor chip.

16. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 14, wherein said charge accumulation terminating means includes means for terminating the charge acucmulation of each of said arrays when a light receiving amount of said array reaches a predetermined amount.

17. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a plurality of monitor sensor means, each provided adjacent each of said arrays for producing a monitor output signal corresponding to the light receiving amount of said array.

18. An image sensor system as claimed in claim 14, wherein said charge accumulation terminating means includes a plurality of buffer registers, each provided corresponding to one of said arrays, respectively, for temporarily storing the accumulated charge signals shifted from said sensor elements of the corresponding array when a light receiving amount of said array reaches a predetermined amount, and wherein said serial outputting means includes a shift register, to which all of the accumulated charges stored in said plurality of buffer registers are shifted when all of the shifts from of the arrays to each corresponding buffer register have been completed, and which serially outputs the shifted accumulated charges.