Active acoustic attenuation system with differential filtering

• US 4,837,834 A
• Filed: 05/04/1988
• Issued: 06/06/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 05/04/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nelson Industries Incorporated (Cummins Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Nelson Industries Incorporated (Cummins Incorporated)
• Inventors: Allie, Mark C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Isen, Forester W.
• Application Number:
  US07/189,994
• Time in Patent Office: 398 Days
• Field of Search: 381/71, 381/94
• US Class Current: 381/71.14
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17815 between the reference signals and the error signals, i.e. primary path
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17819 between the output signals and the reference signals, e.g. to prevent howling
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17823 Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17825 Error signals
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17853 of the filter
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17854 the filter being an adaptive filter
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17881 the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/3045 Multiple acoustic inputs, single acoustic output
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/503 Diagnostics; Stability; Alarms; Failsafe
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/512 Wide band, e.g. non-recurring signals

Abstract

An adaptive active acoustic attenuation system is provided with extended frequency range to attenuate undesired noise which was previously filtered out to avoid instability of the adaptive model. The input signal from the input microphone to the model and the error signal from the error microphone to the model are differentially bandpass filtered to provide a narrower frequency range error signal. In one embodiment, the model operates in its stable region to provide accurate well behaved correction signals to the cancelling loudspeaker, while still receiving a low frequency input noise signal from the input microphone including frequencies below such range. Minimum attenuation frequency has been reduced by at least an octave.

Claims

1. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, an active attenuation method for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

sensing said input acoustic wave with an input transducer and providing an input signal;

sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer with an error transducer and providing an error signal;

modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive filter model having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

bandpass filtering said input signal;

bandpass filtering said error signal to a narrower range than said bandpass filtered input signal.

2. The invention according to claim 1 comprising modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive recursive said filter model having a transfer function with both poles and zeros.

3. The invention according to claim 1 comprising introducing auxiliary noise into said model from an auxiliary noise source, such that said error transducer also senses the auxiliary noise from said auxiliary noise source, said auxiliary noise being random and uncorrelated to said input acoustic wave.

4. The invention according to claim 1 comprising:

adaptively compensating for feedback to said input from said output transducer for both broadband and narrow band acoustic waves on-line without off-line pre-training, and providing both adaptive error path compensation and adaptive compensation of said output transducer on-line without off-line pre-training;

modeling the feedback path from said output transducer to said input transducer with the same said model by modeling said feedback path as part of said model such that the latter adaptively models both said acoustic system and said feedback path, without separate modeling of said acoustic system and said feedback path, and without a separate model pre-trained off-line solely to said feedback path.

5. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, an active attenuation method for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

sensing said input acoustic wave with an input transducer and providing an input signal;

sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer with an error transducer and providing an error signal;

modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive filter model having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

highpass filtering said error signal;

highpass filtering said input signal to a lower cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered error signal.

6. The invention according to claim 5 comprising:

highpass filtering said error signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 50 Hertz;

highpass filtering said input signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 5 Hertz.

7. The invention according to claim 6 comprising:

highpass filtering said error signal at a cut-off frequency of about 45 Hertz;

highpass filtering said input signal at a cut-off frequency of about 4 Hertz.

8. The invention according to claim 5 comprising modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive recursive said filter model having a transfer function with both poles and zeros.

9. The invention according to claim 5 comprising introducing auxiliary noise into said model from an auxiliary noise source, such that said error transducer also senses the auxiliary noise from said auxiliary noise source, said auxiliary noise being random and uncorrelated to said input acoustic wave.

10. The invention according to claim 5 comprising:

adaptively compensating for feedback to said input from said output transducer for both broadband and narrow band acoustic waves on-line without off-line pre-training, and providing both adaptive error path compensation and adaptive compensation of said output transducer on-line without off-line pre-training;

modeling the feedback path from said output transducer to said input transducer with the same said model by modeling said feedback path as part of said model such that the latter adaptively models both said acoustic system and said feedback path, without separate modeling of said acoustic system and said feedback path, and without a separate model pre-trained off-line solely to said feedback path.

11. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, an active attenuation method for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

sensing said input acoustic wave with an input transducer and providing an input signal;

sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer with an error transducer and providing an error signal;

modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive filter model having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

highpass filtering said error signal;

highpass filtering said input signal to a lower cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered error signal;

lowpass filtering said error signal;

lowpass filtering said input signal.

12. The invention according to claim 11 comprising lowpass filtering said error signal and said input signal to the same cut-off frequency.

13. The invention according to claim 11 comprising lowpass filtering said input signal to a higher cut-off frequency than said lowpass filtered error signal.

14. The invention according to claim 11 comprising:

highpass filtering said error signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 50 Hertz;

highpass filtering said input signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 5 Hertz;

lowpass filtering said error signal at a cut-off frequency greater than about 400 Hertz;

lowpass filtering said input signal at a cut-off frequency greater than about 400 Hertz.

15. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, an active attenuation system method for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic waves by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

sensing said input acoustic wave with an input transducer and providing an input signal;

sensing the combined said output acoustic waves and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer with an error transducer and providing an error signal;

modeling said acoustic system with an adaptive filter model having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

lowpass filtering said input signal;

highpass filtering said input signal;

lowpass filtering said error signal at one stage;

lowpass filtering said error signal at another stage to a lower cut-off frequency than said one stage;

highpass filtering said error signal at one stage;

highpass filtering said error signal at another stage to a higher cut-off frequency than said one stage highpass filtered error signal;

said cut-off frequency of said other stage lowpass filtered error signal being greater than the cut-off frequency of said other stage highpass filtered error signal;

the frequency band between said lowpass filtered input signal and said highpass filtered input signal being greater than the frequency band between said other stage lowpass filtered error signal and said other stage highpass filtered error signal.

16. The invention according to claim 15 comprising lowpass filtering said error signal at said one stage to a lower cut-off frequency than said lowpass filtered input signal.

17. The invention according to claim 15 comprising highpass filtering said error signal at said one stage to a higher cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered input signal.

18. The invention according to claim 15 comprising:

lowpass filtering said error signal at said one stage to a lower cut-off frequency than said lowpass filtered input signal;

highpass filtering said error signal at said one stage to a higher cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered input signal.

19. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, active attenuation apparatus for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

an input transducer sensing said input acoustic wave and providing an input signal;

an error transducer sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer and providing an error signal;

an adaptive filter model adaptively modeling said acoustic system and having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

a first bandpass filter filtering said input signal;

a second bandpass filter filtering said error signal to a narrower range than said bandpass filtered input signal.

20. The invention according to claim 19 wherein said model comprises an adaptive recursive filter model having a transfer function with both poles and zeros.

21. The invention according to claim 19 comprising an auxiliary noise source introducing auxiliary noise into said model which is random and uncorrelated to said input acoustic wave, such that said error transducer also senses the auxiliary noise from said auxiliary noise source.

22. The invention according to claim 19 wherein said filter model adaptively models said acoustic system on-line without dedicated off-line pre-training, and also adaptively models the feedback path from said output transducer to said input transducer on-line for broadband and narrowband acoustic waves without dedicated off-line pre-training, and wherein said model comprises means adaptively modeling said feedback path as part of said model itself without a separate model dedicated solely to said feedback path and pre-trained thereto.

23. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, active attenuation apparatus for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

an input transducer sensing said input acoustic wave and providing an input signal;

an error transducer sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer and providing an error signal;

an adaptive filter model adaptively modeling said acoustic system and having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

a first highpass filter filtering said error signal;

a second highpass filter filtering said input signal to a lower cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered error signal.

24. The invention according to claim 23 wherein:

said first highpass filter filters said error signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 50 Hertz;

said second highpass filter filters said input signal at a cut-off frequency less than about 5 Hertz.

25. The invention according to claim 24 herein:

said first highpass filter filters said error signal at a cut-off frequency of about 45 Hertz;

said second highpass filter filters said input signal at a cut-off frequency of about 4 Hertz.

26. The invention according to claim 23 wherein said model comprises an adaptive recursive filter model having a transfer function with both poles and zeros.

27. The invention according to claim 23 comprising an auxiliary noise source introducing auxiliary noise into said model which is random and uncorrelated to said input acoustic wave, such that said error transducer also senses the auxiliary noise from said auxiliary noise source.

28. The invention according to claim 23 wherein said filter model adaptively models said acoustic system on-line without dedicated off-line pre-training, and also adaptively models the feedback path from said output transducer to said input transducer on-line for broadband and narrowband acoustic waves without dedicated off-line pre-training, and wherein said model comprises means adaptively modeling said feedback path as part of said model itself without a separate model dedicated solely to said feedback path and pre-trained thereto.

29. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, active attenuation apparatus for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

an input transducer sensing said input acoustic wave and providing an input signal;

an error transducer sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer and providing an error signal;

an adaptive filter model adaptively modeling said acoustic system and having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

a first highpass filter filtering said error signal;

a second highpass filter filtering said input signal to a lower cut-off frequency than said highpass filtered error signal;

a first lowpass filter filtering said error signal;

a second lowpass filter filtering said input signal.

30. The invention according to claim 29 wherein said first and second lowpass filters have the same cut-off frequency.

31. The invention according to claim 29 wherein said second lowpass filter has a higher cut-off frequency than said first lowpass filter.

32. The invention according to claim 29 wherein said first highpass filter has a cut-off frequency less than about 50 Hertz;

said second highpass filter has a cut-off frequency less than about 5 Hertz;

said first lowpass filter has a cut-off frequency greater than about 400 Hertz;

said second lowpass filter has a cut-off frequency greater than about 400 Hertz.

33. In an acoustic system having an input for receiving an input acoustic wave and an output for radiating an output acoustic wave, active attenuation apparatus for attenuating undesirable said output acoustic wave by introducing a cancelling acoustic wave from an output transducer, comprising:

an input transducer sensing said input acoustic wave and providing an input signal;

an error transducer sensing the combined said output acoustic wave and said cancelling acoustic wave from said output transducer and providing an error signal;

an adaptive filter model adaptive modeling said acoustic system and having a model input from said input transducer and an error input from said error transducer and outputting a correction signal to said output transducer to introduce the cancelling acoustic wave such that said error signal approaches a given value;

a first lowpass filter filtering said input signal;

a first highpass filter filtering said input signal;

a second lowpass filter filtering said error signal;

a third lowpass filter filtering said error signal to a lower cut-off frequency than said second lowpass filter;

a second highpass filter filtering said error signal;

a third highpass filter filtering said error signal to a higher cut-off frequency than said second highpass filter;

the cut-off frequency of said third lowpass filter being greater than the cut-off frequency of said third highpass filter;

the frequency band between said first lowpass filter and said first highpass filter being greater than the frequency band between said third lowpass filter and said third highpass filter.

34. The invention according to claim 33 wherein the cut-off frequency of said second lowpass filter is less than the cut-off frequency of said first lowpass filter.

35. The invention according to claim 33 wherein the cut-off frequency of said second highpass filter is greater than the cut-off frequency of said first highpass filter.

36. The invention according to claim 33 wherein:

the cut-off frequency of said second lowpass filter is less than the cut-off frequency of said first lowpass filter;

the cut-off frequency of said second highpass filter is greater than the cut-off frequency of said first highpass filter.