Oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additives for lubricants

• US 4,857,214 A
• Filed: 09/16/1988
• Issued: 08/15/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Afton Chemical Corporation (Newmarket Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Ethyl Petroleum Additives Incorporated (Newmarket Corporation)
• Inventors: Hartley, Rolfe J., Papay, Andrew G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Howard, Jacqueline V.
• Application Number:
  US07/245,405
• Time in Patent Office: 333 Days
• Field of Search: 252/32.5, 252/49.6, 252/49.9, 252/51.5 A, 252/400.21, 252/400.22, 252/400.4, 548/405, 548/412, 548/413, 548/543, 548/545
• US Class Current: 508/188
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/95 Esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/52 having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/16 obtained by Mannich reactions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/024 having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/287 Partial esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/288 containing free carboxyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/22 Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/221 Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/225 the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/226 Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/30 Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/042 between the nitrogen-containing monomer and an aldehyde or ketone
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/043 : Mannich bases
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 : of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/04 : containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/10 : Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/102 : containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/104 : containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/106 : Thiadiazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/042 : Metal salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/065 : containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 : Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/041 : containing aliphatic substituents
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives

Abstract

Oil-soluble reaction products of inorganic phosphorus containing acids or anhydrides with a boron compound and ashless dispersants such as alkenyl succinimides are useful as antiwear/EP additives in lubricants.

Claims

1. An oil-soluble lubricant additive composition comprising the reaction product of an inorganic phosphorus acid or anhydride, including partial and total sulfur analogs thereof, a boron compound, and an ashless dispersant which contains basic nitrogen and/or a hydroxyl group.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ashless dispersant is selected from hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinamides, mixed ester/amides of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, hydroxyesters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, Mannich condensation products of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols, formaldehyde and polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of phosphorus acid or anhydride is from about 0.001 mole to 0.999 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the composition and the amount of boron compound is from about 0.001 mole to 1 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the mixture which is in excess of the molar amount of phosphorus acid.

4. The composition of claim 2 wherein the ashless dispersant is a hydrocarbyl succinimide.

5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the ashless dispersant is a polyisobutenyl succinimide in which the polyisobutenyl group has a number average molecular weight of from about 800 to 5,000.

6. The composition of claim 5 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

8. The composition of claim 1 which is formed in the presence of a benzotriazole.

9. The composition of claim 1 which is formed in the presence of a C₁₂ to C₂₄ alkyl amine so as to provide a molar amount of basic nitrogen up to that equal to the molar amount of basic nitrogen contributed by the ashless dispersant.

10. The composition of claim 1 which is formed in the presence of from about 0.01 to about 1 percent by weight of water in the mixture.

26. The composition of claim 9 which contains a benzotriazole.

11. An oil-soluble lubricant additive concentrate comprising a major portion of the reaction product of an inorganic phosphorus acid or anhydride, including partial and total sulfur analogs thereof, a boron compound, and an ashless dispersant which contains basic nitrogen and/or a hydroxyl group and a minor portion of a diluent oil.

12. The concentrate of claim 11 wherein the ashless dispersant is selected from hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinamides, mixed ester/amides of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, hydroxyesters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, Mannich condensation products of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols, formaldehyde and polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

13. The concentrate of claim 11 wherein the amount of phosphorus acid or anhydride is from about 0.001 mole to 0.999 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the composition and the amount of boron compound is from about 0.001 mole to about 1 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the mixture which is in excess of the molar amount of phosphorus acid.

14. The concentrate of claim 12 wherein the ashless dispersant is a hydrocarbyl succinimide.

15. The concentrate of claim 14 wherein the ashless dispersant is polyisobutenyl succinimide in which the polyisobutenyl group has a number average molecular weight of from about 800 to 5,000.

16. The concentrate of claim 15 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

17. The concentrate of claim 11 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

18. The concentrate of claim 11 which contains a benzotriazole.

19. A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor portion of an oil soluble lubricant additive composition comprising the reaction product of an inorganic phosphorus acid or anhydride, including partial and total sulfur analogs thereof, a boron compound, and an ashless dispersant which contains basic nitrogen and/or a hydroxyl group.

20. The composition of claim 19 wherein the ashless dispersant is selected from hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinamides, mixed ester/amides of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, hydroxyesters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, Mannich condensation products of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols, formaldehyde and polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

21. The composition of claim 19 wherein the amount of phosphorus acid or anhydride is from about 0.001 mole to 0.999 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the composition and the amount of boron compound is from about 0.001 mole to about 1 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the mixture which is in excess of the molar amount of phosphorus acid.

22. The composition of claim 20 wherein the ashless dispersant is a hydrocarbyl succinimide.

23. The composition of claim 22 wherein the ashless dispersant is a polyisobutenyl succinimide in which the polyisobutenyl group has a number average molecular weight of from about 800 to 5,000.

24. The composition of claim 23 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

25. The composition of claim 19 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid and the boron compound is boric acid.

27. A process for preparing an oil-soluble lubricant additive from an inorganic phosphorus acid or anhydride, including partial and total sulfur analogs thereof comprising heating a mixture of said acid or anhydride with a boron compound and an ashless dispersant which contains basic nitrogen and/or a hydroxyl group until a clear, oil-soluble solution is obtained.

28. The process of claim 27 wherein the mixture is heated at a temperature of from about 40°

-150°

C. for about 1 to 3 hours.

29. The process of claim 28 wherein the ashless dispersant is selected from hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinamides, mixed ester/amides of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, hydroxyesters of hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid, Mannich condensation products of hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols, formaldehyde and polyamines, and mixtures thereof.

30. The process of claim 29 wherein the amount of phosphorus acid or anhydride is from about 0.001 mole to 0.999 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the composition and the amount of boron compound is from about 0.001 mole to about 1 mole per mole of basic nitrogen and hydroxyl in the mixture which is in excess of the molar amount of phosphorus acid.

31. The process of claim 30 wherein the ashless dispersant is a hydrocarbyl succinimide.

32. The process of claim 31 wherein the ashless dispersant is a polyisobutenyl succinimide in which the polyisobutenyl group has a number average molecular weight of from about 800 to 5,000.

33. The process of claim 31 wherein the acid is phosphorous acid, the boron compound is boric acid and water is added to the mixture.

34. The process of claim 27 which is carried out in the presence of a benzotriazole.

35. The process of claim 27 which is carried out in the presence of a C₁₂ to C₂₄ alkyl amine so as to provide a molar amount of basic nitrogen up to that equal to the molar amount of basic nitrogen contributed by the ashless dispersant.