Down hole tool for determination of formation properties

• US 4,860,581 A
• Filed: 09/23/1988
• Issued: 08/29/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Schlumberger NV)
• Original Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Schlumberger NV)
• Inventors: Zimmerman, Thomas H., Pop, Julian J., Perkins, Joseph L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Levy, Stewart J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/248,867
• Time in Patent Office: 340 Days
• Field of Search: 73/38, 73/151, 73/152, 73/155, 166/100, 166/191, 166/250, 166/264, 175/40, 175/48, 175/50, 175/59
• US Class Current: 73/152.26
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/081 with down-hole means for trapping a fluid sample E21B49/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/088 combined with sampling
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/10 using side-wall fluid samplers or testers

Abstract

The apparatus of the present invention relates to a down hole tool capable of extraction of valid samples and making pressure measurements useful in calculating formation permeability. The tool incorporates the features of a staddle packing to allow formation fluid specimens to be taken at large flow rates without depressing the pressure below the formation fluid bubble point. When used in combination with a pressure probe the tool is used to obtain meaningful permeability readings in a larger radius area than previously permitted with known dsigns. Additionally, the apparatus of the present invention allows flow control during the creation of the pressure pulse which enhances extraction of valid samples and the permeability determination. The apparatus may be modularly constructed so that in a single descent of the tool, a pressure profile of the zone of interest can be made, a fluid analysis can be made at each station, multiple uncontaminated fluid samples can be withdrawn at pressures above the bubble point, local vertical and horizontal permeability measurements can be made at each station, a packer module can be set at a location dictated by previous measurements and a large scale pressure build up test can be performed.

Claims

1. A multi purpose downhole tool for obtaining data regarding formation fluid properties comprising:

formation fluid pulsing means having an inlet positioned to provide fluid communication between the formation fluids and the interior of the tool for selectively creating a pressure transient in the formation fluid zone;

packer means mounted above and below said inlet of said formation fluid pulsing means for sealing off a segment of the bore hole from well fluids located above and below said packer means;

pressure sensing means for detecting a formation pressure transient created by said pulsing means.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said packer means further comprises:

a pair of displaced resilient members each circumscribing the outer surface of the tool;

said resilient members formed having a cavity therein, and

means for selectively inflating and deflating said resilient members.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said inflation and deflation means further comprises

a pump;

at least one flow line connecting said pump to said cavities in said resilient members, and

control means in said flow line to selectively regulate flow to said cavities for inflation and deflation of said resilient members.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein

pump and a portion of said flow line are in a pumpout module which forms a portion of the tool;

and

said control means, said resilient members and another portion of said flow line are disposed in a packer module which forms a portion of said tool.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said pulsing means further comprises:

flow control means for regulating the fluid flow rate between the formation fluid and the tool.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said flow control means further comprises

a flow line;

a flow sensing element;

a selectively adjustable restriction device mounted in said flow line;

a flow controller to selectively adjust said restriction device.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein

said flow line, flow sensing element, adjustable restriction device and flow controller are in a modular flow control module of the tool;

and

said flow line extends for the entire length of said flow control module.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said formation fluid pulsing means further comprises:

a first flow line extension pipe, in fluid communication with said flow line in said flow control section, and extending to the outer surface of the tool.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 further comprising:

at least one sample chamber disposed in a modular sample chamber module of the tool; and

a second flow line extension pipe extending longitudinally through the length of said sample chamber module an in selective fluid communication with said flow line and said first flow line extension.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising:

fluid analysis means for measuring physical properties of the formation fluid;

precision pressure measurement means for accurate measurement of formation fluid pressure;

a third flow line extension pipe substantially aligned and in flow communication with said second flow line extension pipe and extending to said fluid analysis means, and said precision pressure measurement means;

pump out means in flow communication with all said flow lines and the outer surface of the tool for selectively pumping fluid in all of said flow lines into and out of said tool.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said pressure sensing means is disposed on a portion of the tool positioned outside said borehole segment isolated by said packer means said pressure sensing means and further comprising a probe having a flow line there through said flowine in selective flow communication with the formation fluids.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said inlet of said pulsing means is displaced from said probe of said pressure sensing means at least ten centimeters.

13. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said pulsing means further comprises:

flow control means for regulating the fluid flow rate between the formation fluid and the tool.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said flow control means further comprises

a flow line;

a flow sensing element;

a selectively adjustable restriction device mounted in the flow line;

a flow controller to selectively adjust said restriction device.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein

said flow line, flow sensing element, adjustable restriction device and flow controller are in a modular flow control module of the tool;

and

said flow line extends for the entire length of said flow control module.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said formation fluid pulsing means further comprises:

a first flow line extension pipe, in fluid communication with said flow line in said flow control section, and extending to the outer surface of the tool.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising:

at least one sample chamber disposed in a modular sample chamber module of the tool

a second flow line extension pipe extending longitudinally through the length of said sample chamber module an in selective fluid communication with said flow line and said first flow line extension.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising:

fluid analysis means for measuring physical properties of the formation fluid;

precision pressure measurement means for accurate measurement of formation fluid pressure;

a third flow line extension pipe substantially aligned and in flow communication with said second flow line extension pipe and extending to said fluid analysis means, and said precision pressure measurement means;

said pump in flow communication with all said flow lines and the outer surface of the tool for selectively pumping fluid in all of said flow lines, into and out of said tool.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said pressure sensing means is disposed on a portion of the tool positioned outside said borehole segment isolated by said packer means said pressure sensing means and further comprising a probe having a flow line there through said flowine in selective flow communication with the formation fluids.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein said inlet of said pulsing means is displaced from said probe of said pressure sensing means at least ten centimeters.

21. A multi purpose downhole tool for obtaining data regarding formation properties comprising:

formation fluid pulsing means having an inlet positioned to provide fluid communication between the formation fluids and the interior of the tool for selectively creating a pressure transient in the formation fluid zone;

flow control means for regulating the fluid flow rate between the formation fluid and the tool in a manner as to prevent reduction of pressure of formation fluid flowing into said inlet, below its bubble point;

pressure sensing means for detecting a formation pressure transient created by said pulsing means.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said flow control means further comprises

a flow line;

a flow sensing element;

a selectively adjustable restriction device mounted in the fluid line;

a flow controller to selectively adjust said restriction device.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein

said flow line, flow sensing element, adjustable restriction device and flow controller are in a modular flow control module of the tool;

and

said fluid line extends for the entire length of said flow control module.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said formation fluid pulsing means further comprises:

a first flow line extension pipe, in fluid communication with said flow line in said flow control section, and extending to the outer surface of the tool.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 further comprising:

at least one sample chamber disposed in a modular sample chamber module of the tool

a second flow line extension pipe extending longitudinally through the length of said sample chamber section an in selective fluid communication with said flow line and said first flow line extension.

26. The apparatus of claim 25 further comprising:

fluid analysis means for measuring physical properties of the formation fluid;

precision pressure measurement means for accurate measurement of formation fluid pressure;

a third flow line extension pipe aligned and in flow communication with said second fluid line extension pipe and extending to said fluid analysis means, and said precision pressure measurement means;

pump out means in flow communication with all said flow lines and the outer surface of the tool for selectively pumping fluid in all of said flow lines into and out of said tool.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein said pressure sensing means is disposed on a portion of the tool positioned outside said borehole segment isolated by said packer means said pressure sensing means and further comprising a probe having a flow line there through said flowine in selective flow communication with the formation fluids.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein said inlet of said pulsing means is displaced from said probe of said pressure sensing means at least ten centimeters.