Intracavitary ultrasound scanner means

• US 4,869,258 A
• Filed: 12/03/1987
• Issued: 09/26/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Hetz, Walter
• Primary Examiner(s): JAWORSKI, FRANCIS J
• Application Number:
  US07/128,441
• Time in Patent Office: 663 Days
• Field of Search: 128/660.09, 128/660.10, 128/662.05, 128/662.06, 128/4, 128/6
• US Class Current: 600/446
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0841 for locating instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/12 in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters catheters per se A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/445 Details of catheter construction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4461 Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/894 by rotation about a single axis
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/355 Arcuate movement

Abstract

A first ultrasound transducer (24) is mounted in the interior of an examination head (4), which is rotatable around an axis (26) by means of first and second gears (52, 56) and by means of a drive shaft (22) which is driven by an electric motor (106) for scanning a first examination surface. The axis (26) is aligned perpendicular to the distal end of the drive shaft (22). The two gears (52, 56) are preferably fashioned as bevel gears. The second gear (56) is secured to the end of the drive shaft (22) and has a depression (60) into which the first ultrasound transducer (24) passes when it turns. A compact structure is achieved in this way. A second ultrasound transducer (90) is secured to the second bevel gear (56), which turns around the drive shaft (22) and thereby scans a second examination surface having the shape of an envelope of a cone which is positioned not entirely perpendicular relative to the first examination plane. Both transducers (24, 90) are rotatorily driven by the same drive shaft (22), which results in a simple design. The device is particularly suitable for vaginal and rectal examinations.

Claims

1. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means adopted to be used in the human body comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and positioned for scanning a first scan surface and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) mounted on said drive shaft (22) for rotation therewith and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding apart and positioned for scanning a second scan surface with respect to said first plane.

2. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 1, wherein the emission direction of said second ultrasound transducer (90) is aligned at a slant angle relative to the axis of said drive shaft (22).

3. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 1, wherein said drive shaft (22) runs in a ballbearing (64) which is held by said housing (48).

4. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 1, wherein said examination head is secured to a housing head via a guide, said drive shaft (22) is secured in said housing head (8) and to the output shaft (104) of an electric motor (106).

5. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 4, characterized in that said drive shaft (22) is formed as a hollow shaft which has a greater wall thickness and/or a greater diameter at its proximal end (22a, 22b) than at its distal end.

6. An ultrasound scan means according to claim 1, wherein said first ultrasound transducer (24) is attached to a drum (30) which is rotatable around a bearing axis (42) which is aligned along said axis (26);

said drum (30) carries said first gear (52) at its face side, the teeth (54) of said first gear are in engagement with the teeth (58) of said second gear (56); and

said second gear (56) is centrally fastened to the distal end of said drive shaft (22).

7. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, and wherein said first and second gears are formed of first and second bevel gears (52,

     56); and

said second bevel gear (56) has a distally located depression (60) into which said first ultrasound transducer (24) passes as it is turned around said axis (26).

8. An ultrasound scan means according to claim 7, wherein said first ultrasound transducer (24) is attached to a drum (30) which is rotatable around a bearing axis (42) which is aligned along said axis (26);

said drum (30) carries said first gear (52) at its face side, the teeth (54) of said first gear are in engagement with the teeth (58) of said second gear (56); and

said second gear (56) is centrally fastened to the distal end of said drive shaft (22).

9. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 8, wherein said bearing shaft (42) is as a hollow shaft.

10. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 9, wherein said drum (30) has its other face side attached to the rotatable part (72, 76) of a variable transformer (70);

and the non-rotatable part (78,

     84) of said variable transformer (70) is connected to said bearing shaft (42).

11. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 10, wherein said bearing shaft (42) is secured to a housing (48) which surrounds both said first and second gears (52, 56) which is provided with an ultrasound window (50) to allow passage of ultrasound pulses emitted by said first ultrasound transducer (24) and to receive echoes detected by said ultrasound transducer.

12. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 11, wherein said housing (48) is surrounded by an elastic cladding (10).

13. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 8, wherein said drum (30) is rotatably mounted on said bearing shaft (42) by means of at least one ballbearing (38, 40).

14. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) is connected to said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, and wherein said drive shaft (22) is a hollow shaft.

15. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) is connected to said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, wherein said examination head is secured to a housing head via a guide, said drive shaft (22) is secured in said housing head (8) and to the output shaft (104) of an electric motor (106), and wherein the rotatable part (126,

     128) of a variable transformer (124) is mounted at the proximal end of said output shaft (104).

16. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 15, characterized in that said drive shaft (22) is formed as a hollow shaft which has a greater wall thickness and/or a greater diameter at its proximal end (22a, 22b) than at its distal end.

17. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 16, wherein said rotatable part (126, 128) of said variable transformer (124) is secured to the proximal face side of said drive shaft (22).

18. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 17, wherein drive shaft (22) is surrounded by a carrier tube (94) mounted between said examination head (4) and said housing head (8), and said carrier tube being provided with a plastic cladding (14).

19. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) is connected to said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, wherein said examination head is secured to a housing head via a guide, said drive shaft (22) is secured in said housing head (8) and to the output shaft (104) of an electric motor (106), and wherein a manual pump (16) is mounted in said housing head (8), said manual pump connected to pump up a cladding (10) surrounding said examination head (4) with ultrasound coupling fluid (66).

20. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 19, wherein said manual pump (16) and said examination head (4) are connected together by a hydraulic line (133).

21. An ultrasound scan means according to claim 20, wherein said hydraulic line (133) discharges into a cavity (92) in said guide (6).

29. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 20, wherein said second ultrasound transducer (24) is provided for generating a B-image when it is coupled to said drive shaft (22) and is provided to make Doppler flow measurements when it is uncoupled from said drive shaft (22).

30. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 29, wherein the location of said Doppler flow measurement can be portrayed in said B-image.

22. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) is connected to said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, and wherein said first ultrasound transducer (19) is rigidly coupled to said drive shaft (22); and

said second ultrasound transducer (24) is coupled to said drive shaft (22) via a releasable coupling (140).

23. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 22, wherein a brake (172) is connected which prevents rotation of said second ultrasound transducer (24) when it is uncoupled from said drive shaft (22).

24. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 23, wherein said coupling (140) mechanically connects said second gear (56) to said drive shaft (22).

25. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 24, wherein said coupling (140) includes a pin (154) which is displaceable in a bore (152) in said holding part (61), said bore being parallel to said drive shaft (22);

and in that a recess (160) is formed in said second gear (56), the one end (162) of said pin (154) engaging into said recess when said second ultrasound transducer (24) is coupled to said drive shaft (22).

26. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 25, wherein a first permanent magnet (158) is attached to the other end (156) of said pin (154);

and an annular coil (166) is concentrically arranged around said drive shaft (22), said annular coil being capable of entering into magnetic interaction with said first permanent magnet (158) such that, in a first direction of current flux, said pin (154) is pressed into said recess (160) and in a second direction of current flux, said pin (154) is pulled out of said recess (160).

27. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 26, wherein said brake (172) includes a brake pin (176) which is displaceable in a bore (174) in said housing (48), said bore being parallel to said drive shaft (22);

a brake block (178) secured to one end of said brake pin (176);

a second permanent magnet (180) secured to the other end of said brake pin (174), said second permanent magnet arranged at the side of said annular coil (166) which lies opposite said first permanent magnet (158), whereby said annular coil (166) can enter into magnetic interaction with said second permanent magnet such that, in said first direction of current flux, said brake block (178) does not touch said second gear wheel (56) and such that, in said second direction of current flux, said brake block (178) presses against said second gear wheel (56).

28. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 27, wherein said second gear (56) has a central tappet (146) which is seated in a central bore (144) in said holding part (61).

31. An intracavitary ultrasound scanning means comprising, an examination head, a first ultrasound transducer mounted in said head, said transducer being rotatable around an axis and driven by a drive shaft which has proximal and distal ends, said axis (26) is aligned substantially perpendicular to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a first gear (52) connected to turn said first ultrasound transducer (24) around said axis (26), said first gear in engagement with a second gear (56) attached to the distal end of said drive shaft (22);

a holding part (61) is connected to said drive shaft (22) and, a second ultrasound transducer (90) attached to said holding part, and wherein a biopsy needle guide (204) which includes a tube guide (208) and a clamp mechanism (206) is detachable connected to said examination head (4);

said guide tube (208) is laterally offset and arranged in the direction of said drive shaft (22); and

the discharge opening (214) of the guide tube (208) is aligned at a slanting direction relative to said drive shaft (22).

32. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 31, wherein said clamp mechanism (206) includes two holding parts (216, 218) which, in their closed condition form a central opening (222) with a contour which is at least partially matched to the outside contour of said examination head (4) and said two holding parts (216, 218) are connected to one another by a hinge (220).

33. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 31 or 32, wherein the admission opening (210) of said guide tube (218) is likewise aligned at a slant angle relative to said drive shaft (22).

34. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 31 or 32, wherein said admission opening (210) of said guide tube (208) is formed to be funnel-shaped.

35. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 31 or 32, wherein a guide (226, 228) is provided which defines the relative position of said biopsy needle guide (204) relative to said examination head (4) such that a biopsy needle (212) guided in said guide tube (208) lies in one of the section planes of said examination head (4).

36. An ultrasound scanning means according to claim 31 or 32 wherein the outside dimensions of said biopsy needle guide (204) do not project beyond the outside dimensions of said examination head (4).