Medication dispenser and method of dispensing medication

• US 4,869,392 A
• Filed: 05/16/1986
• Issued: 09/26/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 05/16/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Donald G. Ellis, Thomas S. Moulding Jr
• Original Assignee: Donald G. Ellis, Thomas S. Moulding Jr
• Inventors: Ellis, Donald G., Moulding, Thomas S. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rolla, Joseph J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ammeen, Edward S.
• Application Number:
  US07/099,039
• Time in Patent Office: 1,229 Days
• Field of Search: 221/1, 221/2, 221/3, 221/4, 221/5, 221/7, 221/8, 221/92, 221/153, 221/154, 221/155, 221/241, 221/242, 221/252, 221/263, 221/264, 221/265, 221/281, 221/288, 221/298, 221/299, 221/300 , 221/304, 221/311, 221/15, 221/12, 222/454, 222/544, 222/547, 222/559, 222/561, 222/564, 364/479, 206/528, 206/534, 206/538, 206/540
• US Class Current: 221/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0436 resulting from removing a drug from, or opening, a container
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0445 for preventing drug dispensing during a predetermined time period
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/0481 working on a schedule basis

Abstract

A medication dispenser includes a container having a main compartment, a selection compartment, and an exit compartment whereby a pill or the like is dispensed from the container by passage from the main compartment, through the selection compartment, and to the exit compartment. The configuration of the pill selection compartment may be selectively varied and adjusted into a preselected configuration substantially conforming to the shape and size of a pill contained in the main compartment. A flexible first gate selectively extends between the selection compartment and the main compartment, a second gate selectively extends between the selection compartment and the exit compartment, and a third gate selectively extends across the exit compartment, near the container exterior. Initially, the second gate is in an extended position, and the first and third gates are in nonextended positions. A single pill is then maneuvered from the main compartment to the selection compartment and positioned adjacent to the second gate. Thereafter, the second gate is moved to a nonextended position, and substantially simultaneously the first and third gates are each moved to an extended position whereby the pill can pass from the selection compartment to the exit compartment and whereby the pills in the main compartment cannot move into the pill selection compartment. The pill interrupts a light beam located in the exit compartment as it passes from the selection compartment to the exit compartment such that the interruption of the light beam indicates the dispensing of the pill.

Claims

1. A dispenser for pills or the like comprising:

a receptacle having an interior compartment normally containing pills or the like, having an exit compartment in communication with the exterior of the receptacle, and having a pill selection compartment disposed intermediately to and in communication with the interior compartment and the exit compartment whereby a pill may be dispensed from said receptacle by passing from the interior compartment, through the pill selection compartment, and to the exit compartment;

a first gate selectively extensible between the interior compartment and the pill selection compartment, such that a pill can pass from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said first gate is not so extended and such that a pill can not pass from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said first gate is so extended;

means for selectively varying the configuration of the pill selection compartment such that at any instant only a single pill can be disposed within the pill selection compartment; and

means for preventing a pill from passing from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment when said first gate is not extended and for permitting a pill to pass from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment when said first gate is extended.

2. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 1 further comprising means for detecting a pill substantially immediately after the pill has passed from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment.

3. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 2 wherein said detecting means includes a light source for producing a light beam and a photodiode responsive to the light beam.

4. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 1 wherein said configuration varying means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

5. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 1 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment during a selected time period.

6. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 1 wherein said preventing and permitting means comprises a second gate selectively extensible between the pill selection compartment and the exit compartment so that a pill can not pass from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment when said second gate is so extended.

7. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 6 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment during a selected period of time.

8. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 1 wherein the pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by at least one wall having an adjustable position and wherein said configuration varying means includes said adjustable position wall.

9. A dispenser for pills or the like comprising:

a receptacle having an interior compartment normally containing pills or the like, having an exit compartment in communication with the exterior of the receptacle, and having a pill selection compartment disposed intermediately to and in communication with the interior compartment and the exit compartment whereby a pill may be dispensed from said receptacle by passing from the interior compartment, through the pill selection compartment, and to the exit compartment;

a first gate selectively extensible between the pill selection compartment and the exit compartment such that a pill can pass from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment when said first gate is not so extended and such that a pill can not pass from the pill selection compartment to the exit compartment when said first gate is so extended;

means for selectively varying the configuration of the pill selection compartment such that at any instant only a single pill can be disposed within the pill selection compartment; and

means for preventing a pill from passing from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said first gate is not extended and for permitting a pill to pass from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said first gate is extended.

10. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 9 wherein said configuration varying means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

11. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 10 wherein said first gate is substantially planar and wherein said first gate and said series of bars are substantially overlapping.

12. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 10 wherein said preventing means includes a second gate selectively extensible between the interior compartment and the pill selection compartment such that a pill can pass from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said second gate is not so extended and such that a pill can not pass from the interior compartment to the pill selection compartment when said second gate is so extended.

13. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 12 further including means for permitting said second gate to extend only when said first gate is not extended.

14. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 9 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from the interior compartment, through the pill selection compartment and to the exit compartment during a selected time period.

15. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 9 further comprising means for detecting the presence of a pill in the exit compartment substantially immediately after the pill has passed by said first gate.

16. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 15 wherein said detecting means includes a light source for producing a light beam and a photodiode responsive to the light beam.

17. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 15 further comprising a third gate selectively extensible across the exit compartment.

18. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 9 wherein the pill selection compartment is at least partly defined by an adjustable position wall and wherein the dispenser further comprises means for adjusting the position of the wall, whereby adjusting the position of the wall varies the shape of the pill selection compartment.

19. A dispenser for pills or the like comprising:

a main compartment normally containing pills or the like, said main compartment being at least partially defined by a floor upon which the pills in said compartment normally rest when said dispenser is oriented substantially in a first position.

a ledge capable of supporting a plurality of pills simultaneously when said dispenser is oriented substantially in the first position, said ledge exposed to and in communication with said main compartment, said ledge disposed vertically higher than said floor when said dispenser is oriented substantially in the first position;

a pill selection compartment in communication with said ledge and said main compartment, whereby a pill deposited on said ledge may be maneuvered into said pill selection compartment;

an exit compartment in communication with said pill selection compartment and the exterior of the dispenser;

means for selectively varying the configuration of said pill selection compartment such that at any instant only a single pill can be disposed within said pill selection compartment;

a first gate selectively extensible between said pill selection compartment and said exit compartment such that a pill can pass from the pill selection compartment when said first gate is not so extended and such that a pill can not pass from said pill selection compartment to said exit compartment when said first gate is so extended; and

means for preventing a pill from being maneuvered from said ledge into said pill selection compartment when said first gate is not so extended.

20. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment and passing to said exit compartment during a selected time period.

21. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 wherein said configuration varying means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

22. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 further comprising means for electrically detecting the presence of a pill substantially immediately after the pill has passed through the pill selection compartment.

23. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 further comprising a substantially transparent wall positioned such that a person outside said dispenser can view said ledge and said pill selection compartment.

24. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 wherein said pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by at least one wall having an adjustable position and wherein said configuration varying means includes said adjustable position wall.

25. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 19 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from said pill selection compartment to said exit compartment during a selected time period.

26. A dispenser for pills or the like comprising:

a receptacle having an interior compartment normally containing pills or the like and having a passageway extending from the interior compartment to the exterior of said receptacle through which a pill contained in said interior compartment may be dispensed from said receptacle;

a pill selection compartment in said passageway;

means for adjusting the configuration of said pill selection compartment such that at any instant only a single pill can be disposed within said pill selection compartment;

a gate selectively extensible across the passageway such that when said gate is so extended, a pill is prevented from passing from said pill selection compartment to the exterior of said receptacle, and when said gate is not so extended, a pill may pass from said pill selection compartment to the exterior of said receptacle; and

means for preventing a pill from entering said pill selection compartment when said gate is not extended across the passageway.

27. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 26 further comprising means for detecting a pill in said passageway.

28. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 27 wherein said detecting means includes a light source for producing a light beam in the passageway and a sensor responsive to the light beam.

29. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 26 wherein said configuration adjusting means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side at least partly defining said pill selection compartment, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

30. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 26 wherein said receptacle includes a substantially transparent wall positioned such that a person outside said dispenser can view said pill selection compartment and a portion of said passageway.

31. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 26 wherein said pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by at least one wall having an adjustable position and whereby said configuration adjusting means includes said adjustable position wall.

32. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 26 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from said pill selection compartment to the exterior of said receptacle during a selected time period.

33. A dispenser for pills or the like comprising:

a main compartment normally containing pills or the like, said main compartment being at least partially defined by a floor upon which the pills in said compartment normally rest when said dispenser is oriented substantially in a first position;

a ledge capable of supporting a plurality of pills simultaneously when said dispenser is oriented substantially in the first position, said ledge exposed to and in communication with said main compartment, said ledge disposed vertically higher than said floor when said dispenser is oriented substantially in the first position;

a pill selection compartment in communication with said ledge and said main compartment and in communication with the dispenser exterior by a passageway, whereby a pill deposited on said ledge may be maneuvered into said pill selection compartment;

a gate selectively extensible across said passageway such that when said gate is so extended a pill is prevented from passing from said pill selection compartment to the dispenser exterior, and when said gate is not so extended, a pill may pass from said pill selection compartment to the dispenser exterior;

means for adjusting the configuration of said pill selection compartment whereby at any instant only a single pill can be disposed within said pill selection compartment; and

means for preventing a pill from being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment when said gate is not extended.

34. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment and passing through said passageway within a selected time period.

35. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 wherein said adjusting means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

36. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 further comprising means for detecting the presence of a pill in said passageway.

37. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 further comprising a substantially transparent wall positioned such that a person outside the dispenser can view said ledge and said pill selection compartment.

38. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 wherein said pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by at least one wall having an adjustable position and wherein said configuration adjusting means includes said adjustable position wall.

39. A dispenser for pills or the like according to claim 33 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing from said pill selection compartment to the dispenser exterior during a selected time period.

40. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills, the receptacle being oriented normally in an upright position, comprising:

a chamber in which the pills may be contained in a loose and nonordered state;

a ledge capable of supporting a plurality of pills simultaneously, exposed to and in communication with said chamber;

a pill selection compartment in communication with said ledge and having a shape substantially conforming to the configuration of a pill along at least a portion of the perimeter thereof, whereby moving and orienting the receptacle permits a number of pills less than that needed to fill the ledge to be deposited on and supported by said ledge such that the pills deposited on said ledge are free to move on said ledge and whereby a single pill deposited on said ledge may be maneuvered into the pill selection compartment;

means for altering the configuration of said pill selection compartment to substantially conform to the configuration of any pill;

means for selectively removing from the rceptacle a pill that has been maneuvered into the pill selection compartment; and

means for electronically sensing the pill as the pill is being removed from the receptacle.

41. A receptacle according to claim 40 further comprising a substantially transparent wall portion positioned such that a person outside the receptacle may view said ledge, said pill selection compartment, a pill deposited on said ledge, a pill being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment, the position and orientation of a pill relative to said pill selection compartment, and a pill in said pill selection compartment.

42. A receptacle according to claim 40 wherein said altering means includes a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, each bar longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bars.

43. A receptacle according to claim 40 wherein the pill selection compartment is positioned such that a pill drops from one horizontal level to a lower horizontal level as the pill is being removed from the receptacle.

44. A receptacle according to claim 40 wherein the chamber includes a chamber floor upon which the pills normally rest, said chamber floor generally disposed at a first horizontal level when the receptacle is in an upright position, wherein said ledge is generally disposed at a second horizontal level when the receptacle is in an upright position, and wherein the first horizontal level is lower than the second horizontal level.

45. A receptacle according to claim 40 further comprising means for preventing a pill from being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment when another pill previously maneuvered into said pill selection compartment is being removed from the receptacle.

46. A receptacle according to claim 40 wherein said pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by at least one wall having an adjustable position and wherein said altering means includes said adjustable position wall.

47. A receptacle according to claim 40 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from being removed from the receptacle during a selected time period.

48. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills or the like comprising:

a main compartment normally containing pills;

a pill selection compartment in communication with said main compartment and into which a pill must be maneuvered in order to be dispensed from the receptacle, said pill selection compartment being defined by at least one wall, said at least one wall being selectively adjustably positionable;

means for selectively adjusting the position of said at least one adjustably positionable wall whereby the configuration of said pill selection compartment may be selectively varied to permit only a single pill to be disposed therein at any instant; and

means for preventing a pill from being maneuvered into said pill selection compartment until a pill previously maneuvered into said pill selection compartment has been dispensed from the receptacle.

49. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills or the like according to claim 48 wherein said at least one wall is at least two walls, said pill selection compartment being defined by said at least two walls, each of said two walls being selectively adjustably positionable, and wherein said at least one wall adjusting means selectively adjusts the position of each of said at least two adjustably positionable walls.

50. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills or the like according to claim 49 wherein said at least two walls is at least three walls, said pill selection compartment being defined by said at least three walls, said at least three walls being selectively adjustably positionable and wherein said means for selectively adjusting the position of said at least two walls adjustably positions said at least three walls whereby the configuration of said pill selection compartment may be selectively varied to permit only a single pill to be disposed therein at any instant.

51. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 48 wherein said at least one selectively adjustably positionable wall includes a series of bars arranged in a side-by-side arrangement, each bar translatable with respect to its adjacent bars.

52. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 51 further comprising means for causing the concurrent translation of a bar when one of its adjacent bars is translated.

53. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 48 further including means for selectively dispensing from the receptacle a pill that has been maneuvered into said pill selection compartment.

54. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 48 further including means for electrically sensing a pill as the pill is being dispensed from the receptacle.

55. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 48 wherein said main compartment includes a ledge capable of supporting a plurality of pills simultaneously such that a pill supported on said ledge can be maneuvered directly into said pill selection compartment.

56. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 55 wherein said pill selection compartment is formed at least in part by a substantially transparent wall portion positioned such that a person outside the receptacle may view said ledge and said pill selection compartment.

57. A receptacle for storing and dispensing pills according to claim 48 further including means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from being dispensed from the receptacle during a selected time period.

58. A medication dispenser comprising:

an interior compartment normally containing the medication;

a passageway extending from said interior compartment to the exterior of said dispenser through which the medication in said interior compartment may be removed from said dispenser said passageway including a medication selection compartment through which the medication must pass when passing through said passageway;

means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said interior compartment and into said medication selection compartment;

means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser;

means for detecting the presence of the medication in said passageway; and

means responsive to said detecting means for determining whether at least one selected condition is satisfied, said determining means operably interconnected to at least one of said preventing means such that said at least one of said preventing means prevents the passing of the medication whenever such condition is unsatisfied and permits the passing of the medication whenever such condition is satisfied.

59. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 further comprising a means for determining a time when the medication is present in said passageway.

60. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein said detecting means includes a light source for producing a light beam and a sensor responsive to the light beam.

61. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein the at least one selected condition is whether a selected amount of the medication has been detected within said passageway by said detecting means within a selected time interval.

62. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 further comprising a programmable computer and means for operably interconnecting said detecting means and said programmable computer, and wherein said programmable computer is responsive to said detecting means.

63. A medication dispenser according to claim 59 further comrising a programmable computer and means for operably interconnecting said time determining means and said programmable computer, and wherein said programmable computer is responsive to said time determining means.

64. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein said determining means comprises a programmable computer.

65. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 further comprising a substantially transparent wall positioned such that a person outside said dispenser can determine whether any medication is disposed within the medication selection compartment.

66. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 further comprising means for determining the time when the at least one selected condition is satisfied.

67. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein said interior compartment includes a bottom shelf and a ledge capable of supporting a plurality of pills simultaneously, wherein said ledge is disposed vertically higher than the bottom shelf of said interior compartment when said dispenser is oriented substantially in a first position and wherein said ledge is in communication with said medication selection compartment.

68. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein said means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said interior compartment into said medication selection compartment comprises a gate selectively extensible across said passageway.

69. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 wherein said means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser comprises a gate selectively extensible across said passageway.

70. A medication dispenser according to claim 58 further comprising means for regulating each of said selective preventing means such that at least one of said selective preventing means will always be positioned to prevent medication from passing through said passageway.

71. A method of dispensing medication comprising the steps of:

providing a dispenser comprising;

an interior compartment normally containing the medication;

a passageway extending from said interior compartment to the exterior of said dispenser through which the medication in said interior compartment may be removed from said dispenser, said passageway including a medication selection compartment through which the medication must pass when passing through said passageway;

a first gate selectively extensible across said passageway between said interior compartment and said medication selection compartment for preventing the medication from passing from said interior compartment and into said medication selection compartment when said first gate is so extended;

a second gate selectively extensible across said passageway between said medication selection compartment and the exterior of said dispenser for preventing the medication from passing from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser when said second gate is so extended;

means for detecting the presence of the medication within said passageway; and

means for determining whether at least one selected condition is satisfied and for retracting at least one of said gates only if said selected condition has been satisfied;

placing the medication in the interior compartment;

retracting said first gate to a nonextended position and moving the medication from said interior compartment and into said medication selection compartment while said first gate is retracted;

retracting said second gate to a nonextended position and moving the medication from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser while said second gate is retracted;

determining with said determining means whether said at least one selected condition has been satisfied and retracting with said determining means at least one of said gates only if said selected condition has been satisfied; and

detecting the medication by the detection means as the medication passes through said passageway.

72. A method of dispensing medication according to claim 71 wherein said dispenser further comprises a ledge capable of supporting the medication, said ledge exposed to and in communication with said interior compartment and said passageway, and wherein said method comprises the further step of moving and orienting said dispenser so that first the medication is moved from said interior compartment and onto said ledge and then from said ledge and into said passageway.

73. A method of dispensing medication according to claim 71 wherein said dispenser includes a time determining means for determining the time when a pill has been removed and when said at least one selected condition is satisfied and wherein one of said selected conditions is whether a selected amount of medication has been detected by said detecting means in said passageway within a selected time interval.

74. A method of dispensing medication comprising the steps of:

providing a dispenser comprising;

an interior compartment normally containing the medication;

a passageway extending from said interior compartment to the exterior of said dispenser through which the medication in said interior compartment may be removed from said dispenser,

said passageway including a medication selection compartment through which the medication must pass when passing through said passageway;

means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said interior compartment and into said medication selection compartment;

means for selectively preventing the medication from passing from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser;

means for detecting the presence of the medication in said passageway; and

means responsive to said detecting means for determining whether at least one selected condition is satisfied, said determining means operably interconnected to at least one of said preventing means such that said at least one preventing means prevents the passing of the medication whenever such condition is unsatisfied and permits the passing of the medication whenever such condition is satisfied;

placing the medication in the interior compartment;

determining whether such condition is satisfied, and if so, then;

moving the medication either from said interior compartment to said medication selection compartment and then to the exterior of said dispenser or from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser; and

detecting the medication by the detecting means substantially when the medication moves through said passageway.

75. A method of dispensing medication according to claim 74 wherein said dispenser further comprises means for determining the amount of medication detected by said detecting means during a selected time interval and comprising the further step of determining with said medication amount determining means the amount of the medication detected by said detecting means within the selected time interval and removing the medication only if less than a selected amount of the medication has been detected within such time interval.

76. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like comprising:

an interior compartment normally containing the medication;

a passageway extending from said interior compartment to the exterior of said dispenser whereby medication may be dispensed from said dispenser by travelling from said interior compartment, through said passageway, and to the exterior of said dispenser; and

means for selectively varying the size of a portion of said passageway, said selective varying means comprising a series of bars arranged laterally side-by-side, wherein each bar is longitudinally translatable with respect to its laterally adjacent bar.

77. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 76 wherein the adjacent surfaces of adjacent bars each possess cooperating, interacting projections such that the translation of one adjacent bar in at least one longitudinally translatable direction causes a concomitant translation of the other adjacent bar in the same longitudinally translatable direction.

78. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein each projection is fashioned substantially in the form of a step.

79. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein each of said projections comprises a surface oriented in a plane non-parallel with the longitudinally translatable direction.

80. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein each of said projections comprises a substantially flat surface oriented in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinally translatable direction.

81. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein the translation of the one adjacent bar in an opposite, second longitudinally translatable direction fails to cause a concomitant translation of the other adjacent bar in such opposite, second longitudinally translatable direction.

82. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein each of said adjacent bars longitudinally translate an equal distance concomitantly.

83. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein said passageway is formed in part by a moveable wall for further varying the size of said portion of said passageway.

84. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 77 wherein one side of each adjacent bar comprises two separated, substantially flat surfaces, each separated surface oriented in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinally translatable direction, and comprises a surface interconnecting said two separated surfaces, said interconnecting surface oriented in a plane non-parallel with the longitudinally translatable direction.

85. A dispenser for medication such as pills or the like according to claim 84 wherein said interconnecting surface is oriented in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinally translatable direction.

86. A medication dispenser for pills and the like comprising:

an interior compartment normally containing the medication;

a passageway extending from the interior compartment to the exterior of said dispenser through which medication contained in said interior compartment may be dispensed from said dispenser;

a medication selection compartment forming a part of said passageway through which the medication must pass when passing through said passageway;

a first selective obstructing means for selectively obstructing said passageway, thereby selectively preventing the medication from passing from said interior compartment into said medication selection compartment;

a second selective obstructing means for selectively obstructing said passageway, thereby selectively preventing the medication from passing from said medication selection compartment to the exterior of said dispenser;

a detecting means for detecting the presence of medication in said passageway;

a time determined means for determining when medication has been removed from said dispenser and when at least one selected condition has been satisfied; and

a programmable computer responsive to said time determining means and said detecting means for selectively preventing more than a selected number of pills from passing to the exterior of said dispenser unless said at least one selected condition has been satisfied, said programmable computer controlling the operation of at least one of said selective obstructing means.