Gas insufflation needle with instrument port

• US 4,869,717 A
• Filed: 04/25/1988
• Issued: 09/26/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Edwin L. Adair
• Original Assignee: Edwin L. Adair
• Inventors: Adair, Edwin L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Truluck, Dalton L.
• Application Number:
  US07/185,532
• Time in Patent Office: 519 Days
• Field of Search: 604/23, 604/26, 604/51, 604/158, 604/164, 604/170, 604/264, 604/274
• US Class Current: 604/506
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3474 Insufflating needles, e.g. Veress needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3496 Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 13/003 Blowing gases other than for carrying powders, e.g. for inflating, dilating or rinsing
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 39/0606 without means for adjusting the seal opening or pressure A61M39/0693 takes precedence

Abstract

The disposable trochar in the form of a gas insufflation needle having a removable rod and needle portion within an outer sheath is provided. The rod has a blunt end and is retractable during insertion so that the needle edge cuts through the abdominal wall. Once passing through the wall the rod extends so as to protect the bowel from the sharp needle. A gas port provided for introducing gas through the rod and out a side passageway near the blunt end. After the abdomen is extended, the rod and needle can be removed as unit from the sheath and thrown away and a suitable instrument introduced through an instrument port having a separable diaphragm. The gas can continue to be introduced around the instrument and into the abdomen while the instrument is in place. After the required medical procedures are completed, the instrument is removed. Then the sheath and associated parts are removed and thrown away.

Claims

1. A disposable trochar for use as a gas insufflation needle said trochar comprising:

an outer sheath having a tubular body, a distal end and a proximate end, said proximate end having a flared elongated hub of greater internal diameter than said body;

an outer cannula removably received within said sheath, said outer cannula having a sharp distal end extendable beyond said distal end of said sheath and an enlarged elongated proximate end which has an outer diameter and shape configured to be receivable within said flared hub of said elongated proximate end of said sheath;

an inner cannula removably received within said outer cannula, said inner cannula having a short flared proximate end positionable within said elongated proximate end of said outer cannula, which prohibits movement of said proximate end out of said enlarged proximate end of said outer cannula in the distal direction, and a distal blunt end extendable beyond said distal end of said outer cannula, said distal end having at least one side port therein for the discharge of gas;

a removable cap attached to said proximate end of said outer cannula to limit inward movement of said inner cannula within said outer cannula, said cap having an opening therein for transmitting gas to said inner cannula for discharge through said side port;

a generally hollow hub closure releasably secured to said hub for holding said outer cannula within said sheath and having an elongated body with a central passageway for the passage of instruments or gas;

a releasable locking means on the exterior surface of the proximate end of said tubular body;

a cup-shaped flange on the distal end of said elongated body for enclosing said proximate end of said sheath;

releasable locking means on the interior surface of said flange for releasably engaging said proximate end of said hub; and

a concentric member within said flange for holding said outer cannula in fixed position within said sheath.

2. A disposable trochar in the form of a gas insufflation needle for insertion through an abdominal wall for the simultaneous introduction of CO₂ gas and medical instruments for diagnostics and/or treatment, said trochar comprising:

a rigid cannula having a cutting edge on the distal end thereof for cutting through the abdominal wall and an enlarged elongated proximate end;

a sheath for slidably receiving and holding said cannula during insertion through the abdominal wall and maintaining an opening therethrough after removal of said cannula from said sheath and having an elongated enlarged proximate end whose inner diameter and shape is configured to slidably receive said proximate end of said cannula;

a gas supplying tube slidably received within said cannula and having a blunt distal end with at least one lateral opening adjacent thereto and a flared proximate end slidable within said elongated enlarged proximate end of said cannula, said tube being selectively movable from an extended position wherein said blunt end extends beyond said cutting edge, the extension being limited by said flared end, and a retracted position wherein said blunt end does not extend beyond said cutting edge;

a cap attached to the proximate end of said elongated enlarged proximate end of said cannula and has an opening therethrough which is aligned with said tube;

resilient means within said elongated enlarged proximate end of said cannula extending between said cap and said flared end of said tube urging said tube toward said extended position and

a hub closure attached to said proximate end of said sheath with a concentric depending sleeve having a longitudinal passageway aligned with said cap opening, said sleeve serving as a stop to position said cannula within said sheath and being removable to remove said cannula and tube and reattachable for subsequent insertion of a medical instrument through said passageway, opening and sheath.

3. Apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

said cannula and said tube are removable as a unit.

4. A method of insertion a medical instrument into a body cavity through an abdominal wall utilizing a insufflation needle which has a cannula with a sharpened distal end, a sheath surrounding the cannula and a retractable tube for supplying a gas for discharge through an opening adjacent the blunt distal end of the tube which is slidable within the cannula from the retracted position to an extended position beyond the sharpened end, said method comprising the steps of:

pressing the sharpened end of the cannula against the skin of the abdomen to cause the rod to be retracted;

thrusting the sharpened end of the cannula through the abdomen into the space between the peritoneum and the bowel to position the sheath through the opening formed by the cannula;

extending the rod beyond the sharpened end into the space between the peritoneum and the bowel;

introducing a gas through the rod to inflate the abdomen;

removing the rod and cannula while the sheath remains in place;

introducing an instrument into the space through the sheath.

5. The method of claim 4, including the further step of:

reintroducing gas through the sheath while an instrument is in place.