Architecture and organization of a high performance metropolitan area telecommunications packet network

• US 4,872,157 A
• Filed: 03/31/1988
• Issued: 10/03/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.), Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Nichols, Robert K., Zelle, Bruce R., Richards, Gaylord W., Hemmady, Jayant G., Roediger, Gary A., Lidinsky, William P., Weddige, Ronald C., Steele, Scott B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Orsino, Joseph A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Scutch, III, Frank M.
• Application Number:
  US07/175,694
• Time in Patent Office: 551 Days
• Field of Search: 370/60, 370/94, 370/58, 370/110.1
• US Class Current: 370/400
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5651 Priority, marking, classes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5679 Arbitration or scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5687 Security aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/106 using space switching, e.g. crossbar or matrix
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/107 using shared medium
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/1515 Non-blocking multistage, e.g. Clos
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/1576 Crossbar or matrix
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/1584 Full Mesh, e.g. knockout
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/205 Quality of Service based
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/251 Cut-through or wormhole routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/253 using establishment or release of connections between ports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/256 Routing or path finding in ATM switching fabrics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/30 Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3009 Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3081 ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/309 Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/40 Constructional details, e.g. power supply, mechanical construction or backplane
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/506 Backpressure
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/555 Error detection
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/557 Error correction, e.g. fault recovery or fault tolerance
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/606 : Hybrid ATM switches, e.g. ATM&STM, ATM&Frame Relay or ATM&IP
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0272 : Virtual private networks

Abstract

A high capacity metropolitan area network (MAN) is described. Data traffic from users is connected to data concentrators at the edge of the network, and is transmitted over fiber optic data links to a hub where the data is switched. The hub includes a plurality of data switching modules, each having a control means, and each connected to a distributed control space division switch. Advantageously, the data switching modules, whose inputs are connected to the concentrators, perform all checking and routing functions, while the 1024×1024 maximum size space division switch, whose outputs are connected to the concentrators, provides a large fan-out distribution network for reaching many concentrators from each data switching module. Distributed control of the space division switch permits several million connection and disconnection actions to be performed each second, while the pipelined and parallel operation within the control means permits each of the 256 switching modules to process at least 50,000 transactions per second. The data switching modules chain groups of incoming packets destined for a common outlet of the space division switch so that only one connection in that switch is required for transmitting each group of chained packets from a data switching module to a concentrator. MAN provides security features including a port identification supplied by the data concentrators, and a check that each packet is from an authorized source user, transmitting on a port associated with that user, to an authorized destination user that is in the same group (virtual network) as the source user.

Claims

1. A data switching network for connecting a plurality of inlets to a plurality of outlets, comprising:

circuit switch means for switchably connecting a plurality of inputs and said plurality of outlets; and

a plurality of data switch means for assembling and chaining data packets from ones of said plurality of inlets for transmission to one of said outlets and for transmitting said chained data packets to one of said inputs of said circuit switch means for connection to said one outlet.

2. The network of claim 1 wherein each of said data switch means comprises:

a memory for storing incoming data packets;

a first plurality of microprocessors connected to ones of said plurality of inlets for controlling the storage of header information of each of said data packets; and

a second plurality of microprocessors for processing said header information and queuing data packets destined for a common outlet.

3. The network of claim 2 further comprising means operative under the control of said second plurality of microprocessors for controlling transmission of said queued data packets destined for said common outlet to one of said inputs of said circuit switch means.

4. The network of claim 1 wherein said data packets comprise voice packets.

9. The data switching network of claim 1 wherein said circuit switch means comprises a plurality of controllers each for controlling one of a plurality of disjoint sets of connections in said circuit switching network.

10. The data switching network of claim 9 wherein said circuit switch means comprises a space division network for switchably connecting said plurality of inputs and said plurality of outlets.

5. A metropolitan area data switching network for switching data packets, comprising a central hub for connecting a plurality of inlets to a plurality of outlets, said hub comprising:

a circuit switch for switchably connecting a plurality of inputs and said plurality of outlets;

a plurality of data distribution modules for assembling and chaining data streams, said data streams comprising data and voice packets, from ones of said plurality of inlets for transmission to one of said outlets and transmitting said chained data streams to one of said inputs of said circuit switch for connection to said one outlet; and

means for concentrating data from a plurality of end user systems to a high-speed data link, connected to one of said plurality of data distribution modules, said means for concentrating comprising means for adding port identification data to said transmitted packet;

wherein each of said data distribution modules comprises;

a memory for storing incoming data packets;

a first plurality of microprocessors connected to said plurality of inlets for controlling storage of header information of each of said data packets; and

a second plurality of microprocessors for processing said header information and chaining the data packets destined for a common outlet;

means, operative under the control of said second plurality of microprocessors, for controlling transmission of said chained data packets destined for said common outlet to one of said inputs; and

control means for verifying that a source, identified by a source identification, of each data packet is authorized to transmit to a destination of that data packet and for verifying that said port identification is authorized to transmit with said source identification.

6. The network of claim 5 further comprising:

a plurality of data concentration/distribution modules each for concentrating data traffic from a plurality of end users to an inlet of said hub, and for distributing data traffic from an outlet of said hub to said plurality of end users.

7. A data switch having a plurality of inlets and outlets, comprising:

a plurality of data switch means, each for chaining groups of data packets received on ones of said plurality of inlets connected to said each data switch means and destined for one of said plurality of outlets; and

circuit switch means connected to said data switch means for setting up a circuit connection from one of said data switch means to one of said outlets for each of said groups of chained packets.

8. In a data switching system, a method of transmitting data packets each to one of a plurality of outlets comprising the steps of:

chaining groups of data packets destined for a common outlet; and

transmitting a request for a connection to a circuit switch for each chained group of data packets.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein said circuit switch comprises a plurality of controllers each for controlling one of a disjoint set of connections of said circuit switch wherein said transmitting step comprises the step of:

transmitting a request for a connection to one of said controllers of said circuit switch, said one controller controlling a disjoint set of connections that includes said requested connection.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said data switching system comprises a plurality of data switching modules each connected to at least one inlet and one output and wherein said circuit switch connects each of said outputs of said plurality of data switching modules to said plurality of outlets further comprising the steps of:

in each of said plurality of data distribution modules, storing packets received on said at least one inlet;

determining an outlet for which each stored packet is to be transmitted and chaining data packets which are to be transmitted to a common outlet;

receiving an indication that a requested connection has been established transmitted from one of said controllers to one of said data switching modules; and

transmitting a chained group of data packets from said one of said data switching modules to said circuit switch for transmission over said established requested connection.

13. A metropolitan area data switching network for switching data packets, comprising a central hub for connecting a plurality of inlets to a plurality of outlets, said hub comprising:

a circuit switch for switchably connecting a plurality of inputs and said plurality of outlets;

a plurality of data distribution modules for assembling and chaining data streams, said data streams comprising data or voice packets or both types of packets, from ones of said plurality of inlets for transmission to one of said outlets and transmitting said chained data streams to one of said inputs of said circuit switch for connection to said one outlet; and

means for concentrating data from a plurality of end user systems to a high-speed data link, connected to one of said plurality of data distribution modules, said means for concentrating comprising means for adding port identification data to said transmitted packet.

14. The network of claim 13 further comprising:

a plurality of data concentration/distribution modules each for concentrating data traffic from a plurality of end users to an inlet of said hub, and for distributing data traffic from an outlet of said hub to said plurality of end users.