Watercut monitor device and method

• US 4,873,648 A
• Filed: 04/30/1987
• Issued: 10/10/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: NuFlo Technologies, Inc. (SLB)
• Original Assignee: Halliburton Company
• Inventors: Mouser, Charles L., Stewart, Joseph A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lall, Parshotam S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ramirez, Ellis B.
• Application Number:
  US07/045,974
• Time in Patent Office: 894 Days
• Field of Search: 364/497, 364/500, 364/509, 364/510, 364/551, 73/61.1 R, 73/861.04, 73/861.14
• US Class Current: 702/25
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/223 for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity rain detectors on vehicle windows B60S1/0825
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/2823 Raw oil, drilling fluid or polyphasic mixtures

Abstract

A watercut monitor device has an oscillator circuit which generates an analog input signal in response to the capacitance of a capacitance probe through which an oil and water emulsion flows. The frequency of the analog input signal is non-linearly related to the watercut of the emulsion. The analog input signal is effectively gated through a digital gating circuit, and a count related to the frequency of the gated signal is digitally made. The digital count addresses a digital memory having digital values, which are linearly related to the watercut of the emulsion, stored therein. Upon being addressed, the digital memory outputs the digital value stored in the addressed location. The digital value is optically coupled to a digital-to-analog converter which converts the digital value into an analog output signal linearly related to the watercut of the emulsion.

Claims

1. An apparatus for providing an analog output signal which is linearly proportional to the percentage of water in an emulsion, said apparatus comprising:

analog input means for generating an analog input signal non-linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion;

digital means, responsive to said analog input means, for digitizing said analog input signal and for translating the digitized analog input signal into a digital signal linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion, said digital means including;

first conversion means, connected to said analog input means, for periodically converting said analog input signal into a respective digital count; and

second conversion means, connected to said first conversion means, for converting each said respective digital count into a respective digital value defining said digital signal; and

analog output means, responsive to said digital means, for converting said digital signal into an analog output signal so that said analog output signal is also linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said first conversion means includes:

clock means for providing a gate control signal, a counter reset signal and a latch control signal;

a digital counter responsive to said counter reset signal; and

gate means, connected to said analog input means, to said clock means and to said digital counter, for passing or blocking said analog input signal to or from said digital counter in response to the state of said gate control signal.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said second conversion means includes:

digital memory means, connected to said digital counter, for storing each said respective digital value at a location having an address corresponding to the respective one of said digital count; and

latch means, connected to said digital memory means, for storing, in response to said latch control signal, a digital value output from said digital memory means so that the digital value stored by said latch means defines said digital signal.

4. An apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said digital memory means includes a programmable read only memory comprising:

memory storage locations at which said digital values are stored;

address inputs connected to said digital counter so that a digital count from said digital counter selects a respective memory storage location to retrieve the digital value stored thereat; and

data outputs to which a retrieved digital value is provided for communication to said latch means to which said data outputs are connected.

5. An apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein said analog output means includes digital-to-analog converter means for converting the digital value stored in said latch means into an analog signal defining said analog output signal.

6. An apparatus for providing an analog output signal which is linearly proportional to the percentage of water in an emulsion, said apparatus comprising:

analog input means for generating an analog input signal non-linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion;

digital means, responsive to said analog input means, for digitizing said analog input signal and for translating the digitized analog input signal into a digital signal linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion;

analog output means, responsive to said digital means, for converting said digital signal into an analog output signal so that said analog output signal is also linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion; and

wherein said digital means includes a programmable read only memory comprising;

memory storage locations at which are stored digital values linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion;

address inputs connected to receive the digitized analog input signal so that the received digitized analog input signal selects a respective memory storage location to retrieve the digital value stored thereat; and

data outputs to which a retrieved digital value is provided for communication therefrom to said analog output means.

7. An apparatus for providing an analog output signal which is linearly proportional to the percentage of water in an emulsion, said apparatus comprising:

analog input means for generating an analog input signal non-linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion, said analog input signal having a frequency non-linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion;

digital means, responsive to said analog input means, for digitizing said analog input signal and for translating the digitized analog input signal into a digital signal linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion, said digital means including;

counter means for defining a digital count corresponding to the number of cycles of the frequency of said analog input signal received by said counter means; and

digital memory means for storing digital values at addressable locations so that in response to said digital memory means receiving a digital count from said counter means, the respective digital value stored at the location addressed by the received digital count is output from said digital memory means for defining said digital signal which is linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion; and

analog output means, responsive to said digital means, for converting said digital signal into an analog output signal so that said analog output signal is also linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the emulsion.

8. An apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein said analog output means includes digital-to-analog converter means for converting the digital value output from said digital memory means into an electrical current having a magnitude representing the percentage of water in the emulsion, said electrical current defining said analog output signal.

9. A self-contained watercut monitor apparatus for providing an analog output signal which is linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the mixture, said apparatus comprising:

analog input means, responsive solely to a capacitance which is variable with variations in the percentage of water in the mixture, for generating an analog input signal non-linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the mixture;

digital means, responsive solely to said analog input means and including a digital memory, for digitizing said analog input signal and for translating the digitized analog input signal through said digital memory into a digital signal linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the mixture; and

analog output means, responsive to said digital means, for converting said digital signal into an analog output signal so that said analog output signal is also linearly proportional to the percentage of water in the mixture.

10. An apparatus as defined in claim 9, wherein:

said apparatus further comprises a support body;

said analog input means includes;

a capacitance probe mounted in said support body and having an electrical capacitance which is variable in response to changes in the percentage of water in the emulsion in said support body; and

circuit means, connected to said capacitance probe, for providing said analog input signal so that said analog input signal has a characteristic determined in response to said electrical capacitance of said capacitance probe; and

said support body includes a housing in which said circuit means, said digital means, and said analog output means are disposed.

11. An apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein:

said circuit means and said digital means include a single common printed circuit board mounted in said housing and connected to said capacitance probe; and

said analog output means includes a single printed circuit board mounted in said housing above, and connected to, said printed circuit board of said circuit means and said digital means.

12. A watercut monitor device, comprising:

capacitance means for providing an electrical capacitance which varies in response to the water content of an oil and water emulsion;

oscillator means, connected to said capacitance means, for generating an oscillating signal having a frequency determined in response to said electrical capacitance;

timing means for providing a timing signal having a first state and a second state;

gate means, connected to said oscillator means and said timing means, for communicating the number of cycles of frequency of said oscillating signal in response to the first state of said timing signal and for not communicating the number of cycles of frequency of said oscillating signal in response to the second state of said timing signal;

count means, connected to said gate means for generating a digital count of the cycles of frequency of said oscillating signal communicated through said gate means;

digital memory means for storing digital values, each of said digital values designates water content of an oil and water emulsion and each of said digital values corresponds to a digital count of said count means, said digital memory means including;

address input means for receiving said digital count from said count means so that the received digital count defines a memory location address;

a plurality of digital storage locations, each of said locations being accessible in response to a respective memory location address and each of said locations containing one of said digital values; and

data output means for communicating the digital value stored at the digital storage location addressed by the memory location address defined by the received digital count;

digital-to-analog converter means for converting a digital value from said digital memory means into an analog output signal having a characteristic linearly proportional to the designated water content of an oil and water emulsion; and

means for communicating a digital value from said data output means to said digital-to-analog converter means.

13. A device as defined in claim 12, further comprising means, connected between said oscillator means and said gate means, for interfacing said oscillating signal to said gate means.

14. A device as defined in claim 12, wherein said gate means includes a logic circuit comprising an input connected to said oscillator means, an input connected to said timing means, and an output connected to said count means.

15. A device as defined in claim 12, further comprising:

a first output terminal connected to said digital-to-analog converter means so that said analog output signal is provided to said first output terminal; and

a second output terminal connected to said oscillator means so that said oscillating signal is provided to said second output terminal.

16. A device as defined in claim 12, wherein:

said means for communicating a digital value from said data output means to said digital-to-analog converter means includes;

latch means for temporarily storing a digital value communicated through said data output means, said latch means including;

latch data inputs connected to said data output means;

latch data outputs to which the temporarily stored digital value is provided; and

a clock input; and

means for coupling the digital value from said latch data outputs to said digital-to-analog converter means; and

said timing means includes means for providing, during a second state of said timing signal, a latch control signal to said clock input of said latch means, and said timing means further includes means for providing, after said latch control signal and before the next first state of said timing signal, a reset signal to said count means.

17. A device as defined in claim 16, wherein said means for coupling the digital value from said latch data outputs to said digital-to-analog converter means includes means for optically coupling the digital value to, but for electrically isolating said latch means from, said digital-to-analog converter means.

18. A method of providing a linearized analog signal proportional to the watercut of an emulsion, comprising the

(a) generating a cyclic electrical signal having its cyclic period non-linearly responsive to the watercut;

(b) counting the number of cyclic periods of the electrical signal occurring during a predetermined time;

(c) communicating the count obtained in said step (b) to address lines of an integrated circuit digital memory including memory locations at which digital values are stored, each digital value defining a linearization of a count of the number of cyclic periods of the electrical signal;

(d) outputting from the digital memory, in response to said step (c), the digital value stored at the memory location addressed by the communicated count; and

(e) converting the digital value output in said step (d) into an analog signal having a detectable characteristic representing the linearization defined by the output digital value.

19. A method as defined in claim 18, wherein said step (a) includes:

flowing an emulsion from an outlet of a separator through a capacitance probe so that the electrical capacitance of the probe is proportional to the watercut of the emulsion, which separator includes an inlet into which flows a production stream from an oil-producing well; and

activating an electrical oscillator circuit in response to the capacitance of the capacitance probe so that the cyclic electrical signal is provided at an output of the oscillator circuit.

20. A method as defined in claim 18, wherein said step (e) includes:

temporarily storing the digital value output from the digital memory in a digital latch; and

optically coupling the output from the digital latch to an analog-to-digital converter circuit having an output through which the analog signal is provided.