Expert system with three classes of rules
DCFirst Claim
1. An expert system, comprising:
- a collection of inference rules, consisting ofretrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; and
non-retrieval rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of;
associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules, and/or;
selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules;
a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly,wherein said processor is not programmed to perform any purely arithmetic test while executing said non-retrieval rules.
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Abstract
An expert system wherein the rules are of three classes: (1) retrieval rules, which each associate one of several attributes to an object in accordance with the values of inputs; (2) analysis rules, which selectively associate an attribute with an object, and which are somewhat analogous to the natural-language inference rules which would be used in communications between domain experts; and (3) action rules, which selectively carry out the output and control actuation options, based on the attributes associated with objects by the other rules.
Preferably only the action rules can enable execution of an external command procedure. Preferably each of each of the action rules requires no logical operations other than a test for association between an attribute and an object. Preferably none of the action rules can associate an attribute with an object. Preferably only the retrieval rules include numeric operations.
160 Citations
146 Claims
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1. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; and non-retrieval rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules, and/or; selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly, wherein said processor is not programmed to perform any purely arithmetic test while executing said non-retrieval rules. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 60, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 140)
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2. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; and non-retrieval rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with one or more other attributes associated with objects by ones of said rules, and/or; executing an external command selectively in accordance with one or more other attributes associated with objects by ones of said rules; a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly, wherein said processor is not programmed to perform any purely arithmetic test while executing said non-retrieval rules; and wherein every one of said retrieval rules is executed each time said collection of rules is executed, but said other rules are not all necessarily executed each time said collection of rules is executed. - View Dependent Claims (61)
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3. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with one or more other attributes associated with objects by others of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for executing an external command selectively in accordance with one or more other attributes associated with objects by others of said rules; a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly, wherein said processor is not connected to perform any purely arithmetic test while executing said analysis rules nor while executing said action rules; and wherein said processor is not connected to evaluate any logical expression having three or more input terms while executing said action rules. - View Dependent Claims (22, 30, 33, 37, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 62, 67, 130)
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4. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of non-action rules, respective ones thereof each providing criteria for performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules; and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; and a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly; wherein none of said non-action rules can enable execution of external command means; and wherein none of said action rules can associate an attribute with an object. - View Dependent Claims (124, 126, 129)
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5. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules; action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; and a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly; wherein none of said retrieval and analysis rules can enable execution of external command means; wherein none of said action rules ca associate an attribute with an object; wherein each of said action rules requires no logical operations other than a test for association between an attribute and an object; and wherein said analysis rules embody essentially natural-language inference rules. - View Dependent Claims (34, 38, 63, 65, 131)
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6. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of non-action rules, respective ones thereof each providing criteria for performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with object/attribute associations made by ones of said rules; and a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly; wherein none of said non-action rules can enable execution of external command means; and wherein each of said action rules requires no logical operations other than a test for association between an attribute and an object. - View Dependent Claims (125, 127, 128)
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7. An expert system, comprising:
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a collection of inference rules, consisting of analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and non-analysis rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, and/or selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, a processor connected to receive inputs from an input channel, to execute said collection of inference rules on said inputs, and to provide outputs on an output channel accordingly; wherein none of said analysis rules can enable execution of external command means; wherein none of said analysis rules can enable associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with an input value; and wherein said analysis rules embody essentially natural-language inference rules. - View Dependent Claims (35, 39, 116, 117, 118)
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8. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; and non-retrieval rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and/or selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and wherein said processor is not programmed to perform any purely arithmetic test while executing said non-retrieval rules. - View Dependent Claims (74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115)
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9. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor, a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating one of a predetermined set of attributes with an object selectively in accordance with input values; and non-retrieval rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and/or selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rule, where-in none of said non-retrieval rules requires any purely arithmetic test; and wherein every one of said retrieval rules is executed each time said collection of rules is executed, but said other rules are not all necessarily executed each time said collection of rules is executed.
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10. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; wherein none of said analysis rules nor of said action rules require any purely arithmetic test; and wherein none of said action rules requires evaluation of any logical expression having three or more input terms. - View Dependent Claims (23, 31, 36, 40)
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11. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of non-action rules, respective ones thereof each providing criteria for performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; wherein none of said non-action rules can enable execution of an external command procedure; and wherein none of said action rules can associate an attribute with an object. - View Dependent Claims (132, 133, 135)
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12. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules wherein none of said retrieval and analysis rules can enable execution of an external command; wherein none of said action rules can associate an attribute with an object; wherein each of said action rules requires no logical operations other than a test for association between an attribute and an object; and wherein said analysis rules embody essentially natural-language inference rules. - View Dependent Claims (136)
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13. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of non-action rules, respective ones thereof each providing criteria for performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules; wherein none of said non-action rules can enable execution of an external command procedure; and wherein each of said action rules requires no logical operations other than a test for equality between an attribute and an object. - View Dependent Claims (134)
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14. A computer-based method for processing data according to expert knowledge, comprising the steps of:
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providing inputs, including numeric inputs, from one or more sources to a processor; executing in said processor a collection of executable inference rules on said inputs; and providing outputs on one or more output channels in accordance with inputs received on said input channels and in accordance with said inference rules; wherein said collection of inference rules consists of analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, and non-analysis rules, respective ones thereof each performing a function selected from the group consisting of; associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, and/or selectively executing an external command in accordance with attribute/object associations made by ones of said rules, wherein none of said analysis rules can enable execution of an external command; wherein none of said analysis rules can enable associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with an input value; and wherein said analysis rules embody essentially natural-language inference rules. - View Dependent Claims (41, 121, 122, 123, 141, 142, 143)
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15. A computer-based method for building an expert system, comprising the step of:
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translating user inputs in accordance with predetermined functional structures into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system; wherein said functional structures provide for only three different rule types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object associations defined by other ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with object/attribute associations made by other ones of said rule types. - View Dependent Claims (24, 109, 111)
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16. A computer-based method for building an expert system, comprising the steps of:
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providing to a user functional structures corresponding to at least three different rule types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with other attribute/object associations; and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with other object/attribute associations; wherein said functional structures for all of said rules are presented in a format which is readily understandable by a user who is not necessarily competent in any computer language, and which is not user-alterable except in restricted portions thereof; and translating user inputs in accordance with said functional structures into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system. - View Dependent Claims (25, 28, 29, 138, 139, 144, 145, 146)
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17. A computer-based method for building an expert system, comprising the steps of:
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providing a user with functional structures for rules according to a limited set of predetermined types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attributes previously assigned; and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attributes previously assigned; wherein said functional structures for all of said rules are provided in a format which is readily understandable by a user who is not necessarily competent in any computer language, and which is not readily user-alterable except in restricted portions thereof; translating user inputs in accordance with said templates into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system; and storing said user inputs, apart from said executable set of rules, in a format such that said user inputs can subsequently be redisplayed to a user for modification, and subsequent user modifications to said inputs can be retranslated to redefine said executable set of rules and thereby redefine said expert system. - View Dependent Claims (26, 32)
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18. A computer-based method for building an expert system, comprising the steps of:
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providing to a user functional structures, for rules according to a limited set of predetermined types, in a format which is readily understandable by a user who is not necessarily competent in any computer language, and which is not readily user-alterable except in restricted portions thereof, and which includes standardized data interface definitions such that the user can reference data from any one of a plurality of data collection and/or process control systems without having to explicitly define any custom data interfacing procedures; translating user inputs in accordance with predetermined functional structures into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system; wherein said functional structures provide for only three different rule types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with numeric input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with attribute/object an associations defined by other ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with attributes assigned by other ones of said rule types. - View Dependent Claims (27, 46)
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19. A computer-based system for building an expert system, comprising:
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rule generation logic, which, when activated, provides to a user, via an interactive interface, templates for at least three different rule types, including; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values; analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with other object/attribute associations; and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for executing an external command selectively in accordance with other object/attribute associations; wherein said respective rules are presented to the user as templates which have a format which is readily understandable by a user who is not necessarily competent in any computer language; wherein only restricted portions of said templates are user-alterable; and wherein said rule generation logic translates user inputs in accordance with said templates into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 51, 52, 59)
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20. A computer-based system for building an expert system, comprising:
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rule generation logic, which, when activated, translates user inputs in accordance with predetermined functional structures into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system; wherein said functional structures provide for only three different rule types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with input values, analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with object/attribute associations made by other ones of said rules, and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with object/attribute associations made by other ones of said rule types. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 119, 120)
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21. A computer-based system for building an expert system, comprising:
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rule generation logic, which, when activated, provides to a user functional structures for no more than three different rule types, consisting of; retrieval rules, respective ones thereof including standards for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with numeric input values; analysis rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for associating an attribute with an object selectively in accordance with other object/attribute associations; and action rules, respective ones thereof comprising logic for selectively executing an external command in accordance with object/attribute associations made by other ones of said rule types; wherein said rule generation logic presents said functional structures for all of said rules in a format which is readily understandable by a user who is not necessarily competent in any computer language, and which is not user-alterable except in restricted portions thereof; and wherein said rule generation logic translates user inputs in accordance with said functional structures into an executable set of rules which defines an expert system. - View Dependent Claims (137)
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Specification