Nebulizer device

• US 4,886,055 A
• Filed: 01/22/1988
• Issued: 12/12/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: John M. Hoppough
• Original Assignee: John M. Hoppough
• Inventors: Hoppough, John M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pieprz, William
• Assistant Examiner(s): Asher, Kimberly L.
• Application Number:
  US07/147,231
• Time in Patent Office: 690 Days
• Field of Search: 239/338, 128/200.14, 128/200.19, 128/200.21, 128/203.12, 128/203.16, 128/203.25, 128/203.29, 128/205.11, 128/200.18
• US Class Current: 128/200.14
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 11/02 operated by air or other gas pressure applied to the liquid or other product to be sprayed or atomised sprayers for horticulture A01G, A01H; killing insects A01M; air humidifying by nozzles F24F6/14, F24F6/18; cooling by spraying F28B, F28C
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/125 Diluting primary gas with ambient air
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/127 by Venturi effect, i.e. entrainment mixers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/201 Controlled valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0208 Oxygen

Abstract

A nebulizer device having an atmosphere adjusting collar both slidably and rotatably mounted on the housing so as to adjust restriction of atmosphere inlet ports on the housing. An additional high oxygen port on the nebulizing nozzle is restricted by a flow rate adjusting collar. The flow rate adjusting collar is coupled to the atmosphere adjusting collar so as to maintain rate of flow as the atmospheric inlet is adjusted, but the atmospheric inlet is automatically adjusted as the oxygen flow rate is adjusted. An atmosphere entraining valve located downstream of the nebulizer housing provides additional entrainment of atmosphere to further reduce the fraction of inspired oxygen in the humidified air.

Claims

1. A nebulizer device for use with a source of sxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough, said atmosphere inlet port restricting means including an atmosphere restricting panel movably mounted on said housing so as to selectively block said atmosphere inlet port;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means such that adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct simultaneously adjusts said atmosphere inlet port restricting means;

said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means including said oxygen inlet duct having a plurality of oxygen outlet ports disposed in said mixing chamber and means for selectively blocking at least one of said oxygen outlet ports while simultaneously adjusting said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said oxygen outlet port blocking means including an oxygen blocking panel movably mounted on said housing to selectively block said one oxygen outlet port, said oxygen blocking panel coupled to said atmosphere restricting panel, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

2. The nebulizer device of claim 1, wherein:

said oxygen blocking panel is configured to adjust the blocking of said one oxygen outlet port when moved in a first direction but maintain the blocking of said oxygen outlet port when moved in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction;

said atmosphere restricting panel configured to adjust the blocking of said atmosphere inlet port when moved in said first direction and when moved in said second direction.

3. The nebulizer device of claim 2, wherein:

said atmosphere restricting panel includes an atmosphere collar movably mounted on said housing so as to move in said first direction and said second direction, said atmosphere collar coupled to said oxygen blocking panel;

said atmosphere collar having at least one atmosphere aperture therethrough, said atmosphere aperture configured to selectively align with said atmospheric inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said atmosphere collar is moved in said first direction and in said second direction.

4. The nebulizer device of claim 3, wherein:

said oxygen blocking panel includes a duct collar movably mounted on said oxygen inlet duct.

5. The nebulizer device of claim 4, wherein:

said oxygen inlet duct has a longitudinal side and a mixing chamber end;

said one oxygen outlet port opens through said longitudinal side and another of said oxygen outlet ports opens through said mixing chamber end.

6. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient, said oxygen inlet duct having a longitudinal side and mixing chamber end, and said oxygen inlet duct having a plurality of oxygen outlet ports disposed in said mixing chamber, at least one oxygen outlet port opening through said longitudinal side and another of said oxygen outlet ports opening through said mixing chamber end;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough, said atmosphere inlet port restricting means including an atmosphere restricting panel movably mounted on said housing so as to selectively block said atmosphere inlet port, said atmosphere restricting panel including an atmosphere collar movably mounted on said housing and configured to adjust the blocking of said atmosphere inlet port when moved in a first direction and when moved in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction;

said atmosphere collar having at least one atmosphere aperture therethrough, said atmosphere aperture configured to selectively align with said atmospheric inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said atmosphere collar is moved in said first direction and in said second direction;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct and simultaneously adjusting said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means including means for selectively blocking said one of said oxygen outlet ports while simultaneously adjusting said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said oxygen outlet port blocking means including an oxygen blocking panel movably mounted on said housing to selectively block said one oxygen outlet port and said oxygen blocking panel coupled to said atmosphere collar;

said oxygen blocking panel configured to adjust the blocking of said one oxygen outlet port when moved in said first direction but maintain the blocking of said oxygen outlet port when moved in said second direction, said oxygen blocking panel including a duct collar movably mounted on said oxygen inlet duct;

one of said housing and said atmosphere collar having a guide track with track courses and the other of said housing and said atmosphere collar having a track follower registering with said track, said track having a first track course extending in said first direction and joining two second track courses, said second track courses extending in said second direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

7. The nebulizer device of claim 6, further comprising:

respiratory ducting coupled to said housing so as to be disposed downstream of said oxygen outlet ports and having means for securing to a person using said nebulizer;

a ducting valve disposed on said respiratory ducting, said ducting valve selectively venting atmospheric gases into said respiratory ducting.

8. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communication with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough, said atmosphere inlet port restricting means including an atmosphere restricting panel movably mounted on said housing so as to selectively block said atmosphere inlet port;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means such that adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct simultaneously adjusts said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means including said oxygen inlet duct having a plurality of oxygen outlet ports disposed in said mixing chamber and means for selectively blocking at least one of said oxygen outlet ports while simultaneously adjusting said atmosphere inlet port restricting means;

said oxygen outlet port blocking means including an oxygen blocking panel movably mounted on said housing to selectively block said one oxygen outlet port, said oxygen blocking panel coupled to said atmosphere restricting panel, said oxygen blocking panel configured to adjust the blocking of said one oxygen outlet port when moved in a first direction but maintain the blocking of said oxygen outlet port when moved in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction;

said atmosphere restricting panel configured to adjust the blocking of said atmosphere inlet port when moved in said first direction and when moved in said direction, said atmosphere restricting panel including a housing collar movably mounted on said housing so as to move in said first direction and said second direction, said housing collar coupled to said oxygen blocking panel;

said housing collar having at least two atmosphere apertures therethrough, said atmosphere apertures each configured to separately selectively align with said atmosphere inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said housing collar is moved in said second direction, said atmosphere apertures located to shift alignment with said atmosphere inlet port between said atmosphere apertures as said housing collar is moved in said first direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

9. The nebulizer device of claim 8, wherein:

said oxygen blocking panel includes a duct collar movably mounted on said oxygen inlet duct.

10. The nebulizer device of claim 9, wherein:

said oxygen inlet duct has a longitudinal side and a mixing chamber end;

said one oxygen outlet port opens through said longitudinal side and another of said oxygen outlet ports opens through said mixing chamber end.

11. The nebulizer device of claim 10, wherein:

one of said housing and said housing collar has a guide track with track courses and the other of said housing and said housing collar has a follower registering with said guide track, said track having a first track course extending in said first direction and joining two second track courses, said second track courses extending in said second direction.

12. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough, said atmosphere inlet port restricting means includes an atmosphere restricting panel movably mounted on said housing so as to selectively block said atmosphere inlet port;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means such that adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct simultaneously adjusts said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said atmosphere restricting panel coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means so as to adjust the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct as said atmosphere restricting panel is moved in a first direction;

said atmosphere restricting panel having at least one atmosphere aperture therethrough, said atmosphere aperture configured to selectively align with said atmosphere inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said atmosphere restricting panel is moved in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

13. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means such that adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct simultaneously adjusts said atmosphere inlet port restricting means;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means including an atmosphere restricting panel movably mounted on said housing so as to selectively block said atmosphere inlet port, said atmosphere restricting panel coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means so as to adjust the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct as said atmosphere restricting panel is moved in a first direction;

said atmosphere restricting panel having at least two atmosphere apertures therethrough, said atmosphere apertures each configured to separately, selectively align with said atmosphere inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said atmosphere restricting panel is moved in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction, said atmosphere apertures located to shift alignment with said atmosphere inlet port between said atmosphere apertures as said atmosphere restricting panel is moved in said first direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

14. The nebulizer device of claim 13, wherein:

said atmosphere restricting panel includes a housing collar movably mounted on said housing.

15. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmosphere inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough;

said atmosphere inlet port restricting means coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means such that adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct simultaneously adjusts said atmosphere inlet port restricting means;

said atmosphere inlet port selective restricting means including a housing collar movably mounted on said housing so as to move in a first direction and in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction, said housing collar coupled to said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means so as to adjust the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct as said housing collar is moved in said first direction;

said housing collar having at least two atmosphere apertures therethrough, said atmosphere apertures each configured to separately, selectively align with said atmosphere inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said housing collar is moved in said second direction, said atmosphere apertures located to shift alignment with said atmosphere inlet port between said atmosphere apertures as said housing collar is moved in said first direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

16. The nebulizer device of claim 15, further comprising:

respiratory ducting coupled to said housing so as to be disposed downstream of said oxygen inlet duct and having means for securing to a person using said nebulizer;

a ducting valve disposed on said respiratory ducting, said ducting valve selectively venting atmospheric gases into said respiratory ducting.

17. The nebulizer device of claim 16, wherein:

said ducting valve is disposed at a valving region of said respiratory ducting, said valving region having a first inner cross-sectional area;

said respiratory ducting having an upstream outlet opening into said valving region, said upstream outlet having a second inner cross-section area less than said first cross-sectional area.

18. The nebulizer device of claim 17, wherein:

said upstream outlet includes a nozzle projecting into said valving region.

19. The nebulizer device of claim 18, wherein:

said ducting valve includes a ducting opening on said respiratory ducting at said valving region and a valve collar movably mounted on said respiratory ducting so as to selectively restrict said ducting opening.

20. The nebulizer device of claim 19, wherein:

said ducting valve has a configuration and dimensions when in an opened condition to lower the oxygen content of a gas mixture having 28 percent oxygen to 24 percent oxygen.

21. The nebulizer device of claim 16, wherein:

said ducting valve has a configuration and dimensions when in an opened condition to lower the oxygen content of a gas mixture having 28 percent oxygen to 24 percent oxygen.

22. The nebulizer device of claim 15, wherein:

said nebulizer is adapted to provide a gas flow through said nebulizer;

said means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct and said means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port selectively adjust the percentage of oxygen in said gas flow through said nebulizer through a range from 28 percent to 100 percent

23. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply container and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling to said fluid supply container, a mixing chamber therein and an atmosphere inlet port opening into said mixing chamber;

an oxygen duct having means for coupling to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen duct having an oxygen outlet disposed in said mixing chamber;

means for conveying fluid from said fluid supply container to said mixing chamber proximate said oxygen outlet;

an atmosphere restricting gate movably mounted on said housing so as to move in a first direction and a second direction nonparallel to said first direction, said atmosphere restricting gate configured to adjustably close said atmosphere inlet port and thereby selectively restrict air flow therethrough as said atmosphere restricting gate is moved in said first direction an in said second direction;

an oxygen restricting gate movably mounted on said oxygen duct so as to move in at least said first direction, said oxygen restricting gate coupled to said atmosphere restricting gate and configured to adjustably close said oxygen outlet and thereby selectively restrict oxygen flow therethrough as said atmosphere restricting gate is moved in said first direction, and said oxygen restricting gate coupled to said atmosphere restricting gate so as to not vary restriction of oxygen flow through said oxygen outlet as said atmosphere restricting gate is moved in said second direction.

24. The nebulizer device of claim 23, wherein:

said oxygen duct has a longitudinal side, said oxygen outlet has a first oxygen port on said longitudinal side;

said oxygen restricting gate includes an oxygen collar longitudinally slidable along said oxygen duct.

25. The nebulizer device of claim 23, wherein:

said atmosphere restricting gate includes a housing collar slidably and rotatably mounted on said housing, said housing collar having at least one atmosphere vent therethrough that is selectively alignable with said atmosphere inlet port.

26. The nebulizer device of claim 25, wherein:

said housing collar has at least two atmosphere vents therethrough.

27. The nebulizer device of claim 25, wherein:

said oxygen duct has a longitudinal side, said oxygen outlet has a first oxygen port on said longitudinal side;

said oxygen restricting gate includes an oxygen collar longitudinally slidable along said oxygen duct.

28. The nebulizer device of claim 27, wherein:

said oxygen duct has a nozzle end, and said oxygen duct has a second oxygen port on said nozzle end.

29. The nebulizer device of claim 23, further comprising:

respiratory tubing coupled to said housing;

an atmosphere entraining valve disposed on said respiration tubing, said atmosphere entraining valve selectively inletting atmospheric gases into said respiratory tubing.

30. The nebulizer device of claim 29, wherein:

said atmosphere entraining valve has a valve body with a valve aperture thereon;

a valve collar slidably mounted on said valve body to selectively close said valve aperture.

31. The nebulizer device of claim 29, wherein:

said valve body has a valve cross-sectional area;

a nozzle coupled to said respiratory tubing and projecting into said valve body proximate said valve aperture, said nozzle having a nozzle cross-sectional area less than said valve cross-sectional area.

32. A nebulizer device for use with a source of oxygen flow, a source of atmospheric gas, a fluid supply vessel and respiratory ducting equipment leading to a patient, comprising:

a housing having means for coupling said housing to said fluid supply vessel, said housing having a mixing chamber therein;

an oxygen inlet duct coupled to said housing and adapted for connection to said source of oxygen flow, said oxygen inlet duct opening into said mixing chamber to direct oxygen flow toward the patient, said oxygen inlet duct having a longitudinal side with a first oxygen outlet port opening therethrough, and said oxygen inlet duct having a mixing chamber end with a second oxygen outlet port opening therethrough;

means for supplying liquid from said fluid supply vessel to said mixing chamber proximate at least said second oxygen inlet duct;

said mixing chamber having an atmospheric inlet port communicating with said atmospheric gas source;

means for selectively restricting said atmosphere inlet port to regulate the rate of gas flow therethrough, said atmosphere inlet port restricting means including a housing collar movably mounted on said housing so as to move in a first direction and in a second direction nonparallel to said first direction, said housing collar including at least two atmosphere apertures therethrough, said atmosphere apertures each configured to separately selectively align with said atmosphere inlet port and adjustably restrict said atmosphere inlet port as said housing collar is moved in said second direction, said atmosphere apertures located to shift alignment with said atmosphere inlet port between said atmosphere apertures as said housing collar is moved in said first direction;

means for selectively adjusting the restriction of said oxygen inlet duct and simultaneously adjusting said atmosphere inlet port restricting means, said oxygen inlet duct restriction adjusting means including a duct collar movably mounted on said oxygen inlet duct so as to selectively block said first oxygen outlet port, said duct collar configured to adjust the blocking of said first oxygen outlet port when moved in said first direction but maintained the blocking of said first oxygen outlet port when moved in said second direction, and said duct collar coupled to said housing collar;

one of said housing and said housing collar having a guide track with track courses and the other of said housing and said housing collar having a follower registering with said guide track, said track having a first track course extending in said first direction and joining two second track courses, said second track courses extending in said second direction, whereby the oxygen flow through the nebulizer can be increased and decreased while the atmospheric gas flow is simultaneously adjusted to provide a selected gas mixture to said patient.

33. The nebulizer device of claim 32, further comprising:

respiratory ducting coupled to said housing so as to be disposed downstream of said oxygen outlet port and having means for securing to a person using said nebulizer;

a ducting valve disposed on said respiratory ducting, said ducting valve selectively venting atmospheric gases into said respiratory ducting.