Exhaust energy recovery apparatus for engine

• US 4,886,978 A
• Filed: 05/31/1988
• Issued: 12/12/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 05/30/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Isuzu Motors Limited
• Original Assignee: Isuzu Motors Limited
• Inventors: Kawamura, Hideo
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, Jr., William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Duncanson, Jr., W. E.
• Application Number:
  US07/200,583
• Time in Patent Office: 560 Days
• Field of Search: 290/52, 60/597, 60/602, 60/605, 60/608
• US Class Current: 290/52
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/12 Induction machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/427 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/445 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 41/10 in exhaust turbines use of exhaust turbines for charging F02B37/00
• CPC Class Codes: F02G 5/02 Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

An exhaust energy recovery apparatus for an engine has an induction generator drivable by exhaust gases emitted from the engine, and an induction motor drivable by electric power generated by the induction generator. The frequency of an exciting current supplied to the induction generator and the load being the induction motor are controlled so that the operation efficiency of the turbine will be maximized.

Claims

1. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus for an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising:

a turbine connected to the engine drivable by exhaust gases emitted from the engine;

sensors connected to said turbine, detecting operating conditions of said turbine and providing corresponding detection signals;

an induction generator connected to said turbine and drivable by said turbine, providing generated electric power;

an induction motor connected to said induction generator and drivable by the electric power generated by said induction generator;

a battery connected to the engine providing DC electric power to the engine;

an inverter connected to said binary and said induction generator, converting the DC electric power from said battery into AC electric power and providing the AC electric power as an exciting current having a frequency to said induction generator;

means for calculating an operation efficiency of said turbine based on the detection signals from said sensors; and

control means for controlling the frequency of the exciting current controlling said induction motor, thereby maintaining the calculated operation efficiency of said turbine at approximately maximum efficiency.

2. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a power transmission system, wherein said induction motor is connected to the power transmission system.

3. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control means comprises means for controlling the frequency of the exciting current and controlling said induction motor, varying an amount of slip of said induction motor and causing a generation efficiency of said induction generator to be substantially maximum.

4. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control means comprises a booster connected between said induction generator and said induction motor, regulating a voltage of the generated electric power.

5. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control means includes a second inverter connected between said induction generator and said induction motor controlling a frequency of the generated electric power and supplying the frequency controlled electric power to said induction motor, varying an amount of slip of said induction motor and causing an efficiency of said induction motor to be substantially maximum.

6. An exhaust energy recovery apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a DC controller connected between said induction generator and said battery, receiving the generated electric power and charging said battery.

7. An exhaust gas energy recovery apparatus for an engine producing exhaust gas, comprising:

a turbine connected to the engine having an inlet, an outlet and being driven by the exhaust gas;

an induction generator connected to said turbine generating electric power and having a load; and

control means for detecting operating conditions of said turbine, maximizing operating efficiency of said turbine by controlling the load of said induction generator on the basis of the detected operating conditions of said turbine, said control means comprising;

detecting means for detecting turbine rotational speed, inlet temperature and pressure and outlet temperature and pressure;

calculating means for calculating a gas flow speed, an inlet shut-off temperature and an adiabatic expansion speed of the exhaust gas and a turbine speed, on the basis of detection by said detecting means.

8. An exhaust gas energy recovery apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising:

an induction motor connected to said induction generator, receiving the generated electric power and providing the load for said induction generator;

means for measuring a speed of said induction motor and controlling an amount of slip of said induction motor when the calculated turbine speed is greater than seven tenths of the calculated adiabatic expansion speed; and

means for measuring the generated electric power, measuring the speed of said induction motor and controlling the generated electric power received by said induction motor to control the amount of slip of said induction motor when the calculated turbine speed is less than seven tenths of the calculated adiabatic expansion speed.

9. A method of maximizing efficiency of a turbine having an inlet and outlet, being driven by a gas and driving a load, said method comprising the steps of:

detecting values of turbine rotational speed, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure;

calculating a gas flow speed on the basis of the detected values;

calculating an inlet shut-off temperature;

calculating an adiabatic expansion speed of the gas;

calculating a turbine speed; and

controlling the load to maximize efficiency of the turbine on the basis of one of, the calculated turbine speed being greater than seven tenths of the calculated adiabatic expansion speed and, the calculated turbine speed being less than seven tenths of the calculated adiabatic expansion speed.