Internal combustion engine piston with threaded ceramic piston head

• US 4,887,518 A
• Filed: 05/02/1988
• Issued: 12/19/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 12/05/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: NGK Insulators Limited
• Original Assignee: NGK Insulators Limited
• Inventors: Hayakawa, Isse
• Primary Examiner(s): Garrett, Robert E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kapsalas, George
• Application Number:
  US07/191,731
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 92/212-213, 92/216-218, 92/222, 92/231, 92/256, 92/260, 123/193 P, 411/411, 411/414, 411/423, 411/426, 411/178, 411/180, 403/306, 403/307
• US Class Current: 92/212
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2023/0612 the material having a high temperature and pressure resistance, e.g. ceramic
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 23/0603 at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 23/0639 the combustion space having substantially the shape of a cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02F 3/14 within combustion chambers
• CPC Class Codes: F02F 7/0087 Ceramic materials
• CPC Class Codes: F05C 2201/021 Aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: F05C 2251/042 Expansivity
• CPC Class Codes: F05C 2253/16 Fibres
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A piston has a piston head made of ceramics, and includes a ceramic piston head having a male rounded thread portion at the outer periphery thereof, a metal piston body having a depression in the top portion for receiving the piston head, and a female rounded thread at the inner periphery of the depression for mating with the male thread portion. A rotation restraint member is provided between the male thread portion and the female thread portion for restraining the piston head from turning with respect to the piston body. The ratio of the height of the thread to the pitch preferably is from 1/4 to 1/2.

Claims

1. A piston comprising:

a ceramic piston head having a continuous male thread portion formed on substantially an entire outer peripheral portion of the ceramic piston head, said thread portion consisting of rounded threads having a substantially uniform radius of curvature;

a metal piston body including an inner peripheral portion which forms a depression in a top portion of the metal piston body, said depression having a sufficient volume to encompass the entire ceramic piston head, said inner peripheral portion including a continuous female thread portion for mating with the male thread portion said female thread portion consisting of rounded threads having a substantially uniform radius of curvature; and

a rotation restraining means for restraining the piston head from rotatably turning with respect to the piston body, wherein a ratio of the height of the male and female thread portions to the pitch thereof is from 1/4 to 1/2.

2. The piston of claim 1, wherein a heat resistant and elastic buffer member is located between a bottom portion of the ceramic piston head and the depression in the metal piston body, said buffer member preventing backlash between the ceramic piston head and metal piston body, said buffer member comprising a material selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, ceramic fibers and asbestos fibers.

3. The piston of claim 2, wherein a bottom portion of the ceramic piston head is flat.

4. The piston of claim 1, wherein a bottom portion of the ceramic head is flat.

5. The piston of claim 1, wherein the rotation restraining means is welded to the metal piston body at a top portion of the metal piston body, said rotation restraining means being provided at an interface of the ceramic piston head and metal piston body.

6. The piston of claim 1, wherein a lead portion of the male and female threads is from 0.5°

to 1.5°

.

7. The piston of claim 1, wherein a clearance between the rounded male thread and the rounded female thread is not greater than 1/10 times the height of the threads.

8. A piston comprising:

a cup-shaped substantially cylindrical ceramic piston head having a top portion, a bottom portion and an outer peripheral portion, said outer peripheral portion including a continuous male thread portion formed on substantially the entirety thereof, said male thread portion consisting of rounded threads having a substantially uniform radius of curvature;

a metal piston body including a top portion and a cavity portion, said cavity portion extending inward from said top portion and having an inner peripheral surface and a bottom surface, said inner peripheral surface including a continuous female thread portion therein for mating with the rounded male thread portion said female thread portion consisting of rounded threads having a substantially uniform radius of curvature; and

a rotation restraining means for restraining the piston head from rotatably turning with respect to the piston body, wherein a ratio of the height of the male and female thread portions to the pitch thereof is from 1/4 to 1/2.

9. The piston of claim 8, wherein a heat resistant and elastic buffer member is located between the bottom portion of the ceramic piston head and the bottom surface of the metal piston body, said buffer member preventing backlash between the ceramic piston head and the metal piston body, said buffer member comprising a material selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, ceramic fibers and asbestos fibers.

10. The piston of claim 9, wherein the bottom portion of the ceramic piston head is flat.

11. The piston of claim 8, wherein the bottom portion of the ceramic piston head is flat.

12. The piston of claim 8, wherein the rotation restraining means is welded to the metal piston body at the top portion of the metal piston body, said rotation restraining means being provided at an interface of the ceramic piston head and metal piston body.

13. The piston of claim 8, wherein a lead portion of the male and female threads is from 0.5°

to 1.5°

.

14. The piston of claim 8, wherein a clearance between the rounded male thread and the rounded female thread is not greater than 1/10 times the height of the threads.

15. A piston comprising:

a ceramic piston head having a continuous male thread portion at an outer peripheral portion of the ceramic piston head, said thread portion consisting of rounded threads;

a metal piston body including an inner peripheral portion which forms a depression in a top portion of the metal piston body, and a continuous female rounded thread portion located in said inner peripheral portion for mating with the male thread portion, wherein a ratio of the height of the male and female thread portions to the pitch thereof is from 1/4 to 1/2 said male and female thread portions comprising rounded threads having a substantially uniform radius of curvature;

a rotation restraining means for restraining the piston head from rotatably turning with respect to the piston body, said rotation restraining means being provided at an interface of the ceramic piston head and metal piston body; and

an elastic buffer member located between a bottom portion of the ceramic piston head and the depression in the metal piston body, said buffer member preventing backlash between the ceramic piston head and metal piston body, said buffer member comprising a material selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, ceramic fibers and asbestos fibers.

16. The piston of claim 15, wherein the elastic buffer member is heat resistant.