Controlled transparency

• US 4,887,890 A
• Filed: 12/21/1987
• Issued: 12/19/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Dornier System GmbH
• Original Assignee: Dornier System GmbH
• Inventors: Meisel, Thomas, Scherber, Werner
• Primary Examiner(s): Laroche, Eugene R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/135,595
• Time in Patent Office: 729 Days
• Field of Search: 350/357, 350/353, 350/355
• US Class Current: 359/265
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/00428 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/15165 Polymers
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/192 using a modification of the thermal impedance between a source and the load
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/88 Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Abstract

Pane or foil with controllable transparency and light transmission comprises a layer configuration between two transparent carriers such as glass panes, foils or the like; transparent electrodes are disposed on the carriers; a tansparent electrolyte and an active polymer layer are disposed between the electrodes; the active polymer layer has light absorption in the visible spectrum range characterized by a variation in the case of a reversible chemical doping reaction; preferably an additional transparent layer is included to serve as reversible source for storage and yielding of ions, the additional layer is juxtaposed to the electrolyte.

Claims

1. Pane or foil with controllable transparency and light transmission comprising:

at least one transparent carrier;

a first and a second transparent electrode;

said first electrode being disposed on said one carrier;

a transparent electrolyte and an active polymer layer disposed on said first electrode, said active polymer layer having a light absorption in the visible spectrum range characterized by a variation in the case of a reversible chemical reaction being an electrochemically induced doping process;

a transparent ion layer made of ITO and being disposed such that the electrolyte is situated between the ion layer and the active polymer layer, the ion layer serving as a reversible ion receiving and ion storage layer as well as a yielding source for ions respectively to receive such ions from the polymer layer and to provide such ions to the polymer layer; and

said second electrode being disposed so that the electrolyte and the polymer layer is between the electrodes.

2. Pane or foil in accordance with claim 1 comprising layer thicknesses as follows:

said electrodes each having a thickness between 1/10 and 1/2 micrometers;

said polymer layer having a thickness between 1-10 micrometers;

said transparent ion layer having a thickness between 2 to 5 micrometers; and

said electrolyte having a thickness between 5-10 micrometers.

3. Pane or foil in accordance with claim 1 wherein said electrodes are one of the following:

SnO₂ ;

In₂ O₃ ;

SnO₂ ;

In₂ O₃ ;

Mo;

Pt;

Pd;

Rh;

Ti;

ZnSe.

4. Pane or foil in accordance with claim 1 said polymer layer being either polyaniline;

polyaniline-3-sulfonic acid;

polypyrol;

polythiophene or poly-O-phenyl diamine.

5. Pane or foil in accordance with claim 1 said electrolyte being one of the following:

a polymeric sulfonic acid;

a polymeric carbonic acid;

buffered H₂ SO₄ ;

HCl;

buffered H₂ ClO₄.

6. Rigid or flexible panel with controllable transparency and light transmission comprising:

two transparent carriers;

a first and a second transparent electrode respectively deposited on said carrier;

a transparent electrolyte and an active polymer layer disposed between said electrodes, said active polymer layer having a light absorption in the visible spectrum range characterized by a variation in the case of a reversible chemical reaction through reversible doping; and

an ITO layer also being transparent and serving as reversible source for storage and yielding of ions so that the electrolyte is between the ITO layer and the polymer layer and being disposed to provide said ions or receiving them from said polymer layer.

7. Panel in accordance with claim 6 comprising layer thicknesses as follows:

said electrodes each having a thicknesses between 1/10 and 1/2 micrometers;

said ion storing and yielding layer interposed in juxtaposition to said electrolyte and having a thickness between 2-5 micrometers;

said polymer layer having a thickness between 1-10 micrometers; and

said electrolyte having a thickness between 5-10 micrometers.

8. Panel in accordance with claim 6 wherein said electrodes are one of the following:

In₂ O₃ ;

SnO₂ ;

In₂ O₃ ;

Mo, Pt, Pd;

Rh;

Ti;

ZnSe.

9. Panel in accordance with claim 6 said polymer layer being either polyaniline;

polyaniline-3-sulfonic acid;

polypyrol;

polythiophene or poly-O-phenyl diamine.

10. Panel in accordance with claim 6 said electrolyte being one of the following:

a polymeric sulfonic acid;

a polymeric carbonic acid;

buffered H₂ SO₄ ;

HCl;

buffered H₂ ClO₄.

11. Panel in accordance with claim 6, said electrodes are one of the following:

In₂ O₃ ;

SnO₂ ;

In₂ O₃ ;

In₂ O₃ ;

Mo;

Pt;

Pd;

Rh;

Ti;

ZnSe;

said polymers are one of the following;

polyaniline;

polyaniline-3-sulfonic acid;

polypyrol;

polythiophene or poly-O-phenyl diamine; and

said electrolyte is one of the following;

a polymeric sulfonic acid;

a polymeric carbonic acid;

buffered H₂ SO₄ ;

HCl;

buffered H₂ ClO₄.