Variable aperture, variable flux density, aerospace solar collector

• US 4,888,063 A
• Filed: 01/05/1988
• Issued: 12/19/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Roger A. Powell
• Original Assignee: Roger A. Powell
• Inventors: Powell, Roger A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Weisstuch, Aaron
• Application Number:
  US07/140,828
• Time in Patent Office: 714 Days
• Field of Search: 136/245, 136/246, 136/259, 136/290, 136/292, 437/2, 437/173, 437/174, 437/247
• US Class Current: 136/259
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 2020/17 Arrangements of solar thermal modules combined with solar PV modules
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 2020/23 movable or adjustable
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 23/745 flexible
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 50/00 Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/0547 comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 40/44 Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time directly associated with the PV cell or integrated with the PV cell H01L31/0525
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/40 Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/52 PV systems with concentrators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/60 Thermal-PV hybrids
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 136/29 Testing, calibrating, treating, e.g. aging
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 136/292 Space - satellite

Abstract

A trough-type reflecting solar concentrator and receiver system for aerospace use is disclosed. The reflecting surface is a thin flexible sheet attached to and disposed between curved ribs. The amount of the sheet reflecting sunlight can be changed by winding the unnecessary quantity of sheet onto a roll. The focal length of the curved ribs and therefore the sheet can be changed by flexurally deforming the curved ribs by applying end loads, causing a change in the flux density at the receiver. A similar result is achieved by changing the distance between the reflecting surface and the receiver. The receiver is a photovoltaic array, thermal absorber, or a combination of both. Means for proportioning the amount of energy incident on each type of receiver is disclosed. A spectral splitting thermal absorber with scattering capability is disclosed as a pre-filter for the photovoltaic array.

Claims

1. A method for annealing photovoltaic cells in space, said cells being substantially at the focus of a solar energy concentrator, said focus having a flux density and an effective area, comprising the steps of:

increasing said flux density of said focus and decreased said effective area of said focus on said cells, thereby causing increased localized heating in said effective area on said cells, said localized heating acting to rejuvenate electrical characteristics of said cells;

moving said effective area across said cells, thereby subjecting additional surface area of said cell to said localized heating.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said step of increasing said flux density and decreasing said effective area comprises changing the radius of curvature of said solar energy concentrator.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said step of moving said effective area comprises changing the optical alignment of said solar energy concentrator with respect to the sun.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said step of increasing said flux density and decreasing said effective area comprises changing the distance between the cells and the solar energy concentrator.

5. A solar collector for use in space, comprising:

a curved reflector which redirects incoming solar energy to a focus location,

a photovoltaic cell, positioned in proximity to said focus location, said cell intercepting said energy, said intercepted energy having a flux density and an effective area,

means for remotely increasing said flux density and decreasing said effective area, thereby producing localized heating in said effective area.

6. A solar collector as recited in claim 5, further comprising means for moving said effective area across said cells, thereby subjecting additional portions of said cells to said localized heating.

7. A solar collector as recited in claim 5, wherein said means for remotely increasing said flux density and decreasing said effective area comprises means for changing the radius of curvature of said curved reflector.

8. A solar collector as recited in claim 5, wherein said means for remotely increasing said flux density and decreasing said effective area comprises means for changing the distance between said curved reflector and said photovoltaic cell.

9. A solar collector as recited in claim 6, wherein said means for moving said effective area across said cells comprises means for changing the optical alignment of said curved reflector with respect to the sun.