Document image processing system

• US 4,888,812 A
• Filed: 12/18/1987
• Issued: 12/19/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Dubil, James F., Rohe, Clair F., Rohrer, Gene D., Malin, Jerald R., Rodite, Robert R., Dinan, Raymond F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Moore, David K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): COUSO, YON JUNG
• Application Number:
  US07/134,734
• Time in Patent Office: 732 Days
• Field of Search: 382/7, 382/57, 235/379, 364/200 MS File
• US Class Current: 382/140
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/2166 for mass storage, e.g. in document filing systems information retrieval G06F16/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32609 Fault detection or counter-measures, e.g. original mis-positioned, shortage of paper
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/3263 of reading apparatus or transmitter, e.g. original jam
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32646 Counter-measures inhibiting an operation H04N1/00925, interrupting an operation H04N1/00915

Abstract

Documents, such as bank checks, are processed at a high rate of speed on an image processing system which optically scans the documents and converts optically perceptible data on the documents into video image data. The video image data from the scanner is compressed by data compression techniques and the compressed data is sent over a high speed data channel to a high speed mass storage device which receives and temporarily stores the data. A lower speed mass data storage device, such as an optical disk, is connected for receiving at a lower data transfer rate the compressed video image data and for storing the video image data for subsequent retrieval. The system also includes real-time quality control systems for monitoring the quality of the image data to detect the existence of unacceptable image quality data and for generating a signal which can be used for immediately stopping the generation of unacceptable quality image data.

Claims

1. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

document transport means for transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel,

document scanner means cooperating with said transport means for optically scanning the successive documents and for converting optically perceptible images thereon into video image data,

image processor means cooperating with said document scanner means for receiving video image data and for converting the data into low resolution digital gray scale video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents as well as into higher resolution black and white video image data representing the optically perceptible images,

data compression means associated with said image processor means for receiving and compressing the video image data obtained from the documents,

a high speed data channel for receiving the compressed video image data from said compression means at a relatively high data transfer rate,

a high speed mass data storage device connected to said high speed data channel for receiving and temporarily storing the compressed video image data, and

a relatively lower speed mass data storage device for receiving the compressed video image data from said high speed data storage device and for storing the compressed video image data for subsequent retrieval.

2. The system according to claim 1 wherein said relatively lower speed mass data storage device comprises optical disk means.

3. The system according to claim 1 wherein said high speed mass data storage comprises a direct access magnetic storage device.

4. The system according to claim 1 including pre-channel data buffer means connected between said data compression means and said high speed data channel for receiving and buffering the flow of data to said high speed data channel to avoid loss of data in the event the rate of data transfer from said data compression means temporarily exceeds the data transfer rate of said high speed data channel.

5. The system according to claim 1 or 4 including post-channel data buffer means connected between said high speed data channel and said high speed mass data storage device for receiving and buffering the flow of data to said high speed mass data storage device to avoid loss of data in the event the rate of data transfer from said data channel temporarily exceeds the rate at which said high speed mass data storage device can accept data.

6. The system according to claim 1 wherein said document scanner means includes means for optically scanning both the front and the back of each of a series of successive documents, and wherein said high speed data storage device and said low speed data storage device include means for storing video image data for both the front and the back of each of said documents.

7. The system according to claim 1 including real-time image quality control means cooperating with said image processor means for monitoring the characteristics of the video image data and for generating a signal if the video image data characteristics are outside of a predetermined prescribed range of values which is indicative of acceptable image quality.

8. The system according to claim 7 wherein said real time image quality control means includes means for monitoring the distribution of gray scale values of the digital gray scale video image data and for generating said signal if the distribution of gray scale values is outside of a predetermined acceptable distribution.

9. The system according to claim 7 or 8 including means responsive to said signal for immediately stopping said document transport means to thereby immediately halt the generation of unacceptable quality image data from the documents.

12. The system according to claim 1 including image works means connected to said lower speed mass data storage device for accessing and retrieving video image data for a selected document stored on said mass data storage device and for creating therefrom a visually perceptible representation of the stored image.

13. The system according to claim 12 wherein said image workstation means is also connected to said high speed mass data storage means for accessing and retrieving video image data stored on said high speed mass data storage means.

10. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

document transport means for transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel,

document scanner means cooperating with said transport means for optically scanning the successive documents and for converting optically perceptible images thereon into video image data,

data compression means associated with said scanner means for receiving and compressing the video image data obtained from the documents,

real-time image quality control means cooperating with said data compression means for monitoring the degree of compression of said image data by said data compressions means and for generating a signal in the event that the degree of data compression falls outside of predetermined parameter which is indicative of acceptable image quality,

a high speed data channel for receiving the compressed video image data from said compression means at a relatively high data transfer rate,

a high speed mass data storage device connected to said high speed data channel for receiving and temporarily storing the compressed video image data, and

a relatively lower speed mass data storage device for receiving the compressed video image data from said high speed data storage device and for storing the compressed video image data for subsequent retrieval.

11. The system according to claim 10 including means responsive to said signal for immediately stopping said transport means to thereby immediately halt the generation of unacceptable quality image data from the documents.

14. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

document transport means for transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel,

document scanner means cooperating with said transport means for optically scanning the successive documents and for converting optically perceptible images thereon into video image data,

image processor means cooperating with said document scanner means for receiving video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents and for converting the video image data into digital gray scale video image data,

data compression means associated with said image processor means for receiving and compressing the digital gray scale video image data, and wherein said real-time image quality control means includes means cooperating with said data compression means for monitoring the degree of compression of said image data by said data compressions means and for generating a signal in the event that the degree of data compression falls outside of predetermined parameter which is indicative of acceptable image quality,

a mass data storage device connected to said image processor means for receiving and storing the digital video image data, and

real-time quality control means cooperating with said image processor means for monitoring the characteristics of the video image data and for generating a signal if the video image data characteristics are outside of a prescribed range of values which is indicative of acceptable image quality.

15. The system according to claim 14 wherein said real time image quality control means includes means for monitoring the distribution of gray scale values of the digital gray scale video image data and for generating said signal if the distribution of gray scale values is outside of a predetermined acceptable distribution.

16. The system according to claim 14 or 15 including means responsive to said signal for immediately stopping said document transport means to thereby immediately halt the generation of unacceptable quality image data from the documents.

17. The system according to claim 14 including means responsive to said signal for immediately stopping said transport means to thereby immediately halt the generation of unacceptable quality image data from the documents.

18. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising,

document transport means for transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel,

document scanner means cooperating with said transport means for optically scanning the successive documents and for converting optically perceptible images thereon into video image data,

image processor means cooperating with said scanner means for receiving video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents, said image processor means including means for converting the video image data from said scanner means into digital gray scale video image data of a predetermined first resolution, resolution reduction means for reducing the gray scale video image data to digital gray scale video image data of a second resolution lower than said first resolution, and thresholding means for converting the digital gray scale video image data of said first resolution to black and white video image data of said first resolution,

image data compression means for receiving and compressing the video image data from said image processor means, said image data compression means including means for receiving and compressing the lower resolution gray scale video image data from said image processor means, and means for receiving and compressing the higher resolution black and white video image data from said image processor means,

a high speed data channel for receiving the compressed lower resolution gray scale video image data and the compressed higher resolution black and white video image data from said compression means at a relatively high data transfer rate, and

a high speed mass data storage device connected to said high speed data channel for receiving and storing both the compressed lower resolution gray scale video image data and the compressed higher resolution black and white video image data.

19. The system according to claim 18 wherein said image processor means includes a plurality of image processor units, each including said resolution reduction means and said thresholding means, and means connecting said image processor units for operating in parallel to receive video image data from respective documents and for concurrently producing said lower resolution gray scale image data and said higher resolution black and white image data for the respective documents.

20. The system according to claim 19 including process control logic means cooperating with the respective image processor units for controlling the flow of document images to an available image processor unit while processing of other document images is being carried out in other units.

21. The system according to claim 18 wherein scanner means includes means for optically scanning both the front and the back of each of the successive documents, and wherein said high speed mass data storage device includes means for storing compressed lower resolution gray scale image data and compressed higher resolution black and white image data for both the front and the back of each of said documents.

22. The system according to claim 21 wherein said image processor means and said image data compression means each include means defining parallel data paths for concurrent image processing and compression of the video image data from the front and back of the document.

23. The system according to claim 21 wherein said document transport means includes means for transporting a series of successive groups of documents along a predetermined path of travel, and said document scanner means includes means for successively optically scanning each of the documents in the group, and wherein said image processing means includes respective document buffers for receiving image data from each of the documents in the group.

24. The system according to claim 23 wherein said data compression means includes a plurality of respective data compression units associated respectively with said plurality of document buffers, said compression units being operable in parallel for concurrently compressing the video image data from the respective documents in each group.

25. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

a high speed document sorter having a hopper for receiving a supply of documents for processing, a plurality of output bins into which the documents are sorted, and document transport means for transporting the documents therethrough at a rate in excess of a 1000 documents per minute,

document scanner means associated with said sorter for optically scanning both the front and back of the documents as they are transported through the sorter and for converting optically perceptible images present thereon into separate streams of video image data for the front and back of the documents,

image processor means cooperating with said scanner means for (a) receiving the separate streams of video image data along parallel data paths and for (b) concurrently processing the separate streams of image data to produce for each stream of image data, (a) relatively low resolution gray scale image data and (b) relatively high resolution black and white image data,

image data compression means for receiving and compressing the video image data from said image processor means, said image data compression means including means for receiving and compressing the relatively low resolution gray scale video image data from said image processor means, and means for concurrently receiving and processing the relatively high resolution black and white video image data from said image processor means,

a high speed data channel for receiving the compressed relatively low resolution gray scale video image data and the compressed relatively high resolution black and white video image data for both the front and the back of said documents from said compression means at a relatively high data transfer rate,

high speed direct access magnetic storage means connected to said high speed data channel for receiving and temporarily storing the compressed video image data,

optical data storage means having a data transfer rate substantially lower of than that of said high speed data channel, and

a relatively low speed data channel for transferring the video image data stored temporarily on said high speed direct access magnetic storage means to said optical data storage means for permanent storage.

26. The system according to claim 25 wherein said image processor means comprises means for converting the video image data from said scanner means into digital high resolution gray scale video image data, resolution reduction means for reducing the high resolution gray scale video image data into low resolution gray scale video image data, and thresholding means for converting the high resolution gray scale video image data into high resolution black and white video image data.

27. A method for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel and optically scanning the documents to obtain video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents,

converting the video image data obtained from the documents into digital gray scale video image data of a predetermined first resolution, reducing the digital gray scale video image data of said first resolution to digital gray scale video image data of a second resolution lower than said first resolution, thresholding the digital gray scale video image data of said first resolution into black and white video image data of said first resolution,

compressing the video image data obtained from the documents and transmitting the compressed video image data at a relatively high data transfer rate over a high speed data channel to a high speed mass data storage device,

temporarily storing on the high speed mass data storage device, both the gray scale video image data of said first resolution and the black and white video image data of said first resolution, and

transferring the compressed video image data from the high speed data storage device at a relatively lower data transfer rate to a lower speed mass data storage device and storing the compressed video image data thereon for subsequent retrieval.

28. The method according to claim 27 wherein the step of optically scanning the successive documents comprises optically scanning both the front and back of each of the successive documents, and wherein said step of storing the video image data includes storing video image data for both the front and the back of each of the documents.

29. The method according to claim 27 including monitoring the characteristics of the video image data and generating a signal if the video image data characteristics are outside of a predetermined prescribed range of values which is indicative of acceptable image quality.

30. The method according to claim 29 wherein said step of monitoring the characteristics of the video image data comprises monitoring the distribution of gray scale values of the digital gray scale video image data and generating said signal if the distribution of gray scale values is outside of a predetermined acceptable distribution.

31. The method according to claim 29 including the step of immediately stopping the transporting and scanning of documents in response to the generating of said signal to thereby immediately halt the generation of unacceptable quality image data from the documents.

32. A method for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks comprising

transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel and optically scanning the documents to obtain video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents,

receiving the video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents and converting the video image data into digital gray scale video image data,

compressing the digital gray scale video image data, and

monitoring the degree of compression of the video image data obtained from the documents and generating a signal if the degree of data compression of the video image data falls outside of a prescribed range of values which is indicative of acceptable image quality.

33. The method according to claim 32 including the additional steps of monitoring the distribution of gray scale values of the digital gray scale video image data and generating a signal if the distribution of gray scale values is outside of a predetermined acceptable distribution.

34. A system for high speed capture, processing and storage of video image data from documents, such as bank checks, comprising

document transport means for transporting a series of successive documents along a predetermined path of travel,

document scanner means cooperating with said transport means for optically scanning the successive documents and for converting optically perceptible images thereon into video image data,

image processor means cooperating with said document scanner means for receiving video image data representing the optically perceptible images on the documents and for converting the video image data into digital gray scale video image data of a predetermined first resolution, said image processor means including resolution reduction means for reducing the digital gray scale video image data of said first resolution to digital gray scale video image data of a second resolution lower than said first resolution, and thresholding means for converting the digital gray scale video image data of said first resolution into digital black and white video image data of said first resolution,

data compression means associated with said scanner means for receiving and compressing the video image data obtained from the documents, said image data compression means including means for receiving and compressing both the gray scale video image data of said second resolution and the black and white video image data of said first resolution for storage by said high speed mass data storage device,

a high speed data channel for receiving the compressed video image data from said compression means at a relatively high data transfer rate,

a high speed mass data storage device connected to said high speed data channel for receiving and temporarily storing the compressed video image data, and

a relatively lower speed mass data storage device for receiving the compressed video image data from said high speed data storage device and for storing the compressed video image data for subsequent retrieval.