Precorrelation digital spread spectrum receiver

• US 4,894,842 A
• Filed: 10/15/1987
• Issued: 01/16/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 10/15/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Incorporated
• Inventors: Upadhyay, Triveni, Fitzmartin, Daniel, Broekhoven, Paul V., Cox, Duncan B. Jr., Blasche, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US07/108,922
• Time in Patent Office: 824 Days
• Field of Search: 375/1, 380/34, 364/715.11
• US Class Current: 375/150
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/707 using direct sequence modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/709 Correlator structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2201/70707 Efficiency-related aspects

Abstract

A precorrelation digital spread spectrum receiver includes a signal converter for amplifying and directly converting RF band spread spectrum signals received by an antenna to a digitized baseband signal comprising a sequence of N-bit quantized baseband values. The baseband signal is a linear composite signal containing signals from all satellite channels as well as noise and jamming. An N-bit digital correlator correlates successive N-bit baseband signal values with successive local code values to produce plural correlation signals. A vector processor processes the correlation signals to derive early, late and on-time code correlation signals. The processed correlation signals are accumulated to provide process gain and are used to form error signals for carrier and code tracking, and measurement purposes.

A sequential-tracking multi-channel embodiment time shares a common set of circuit elements and digital processing instructions to successively track different channels.

In a preferred embodiment, the vector processor uses micro-code instructions to remove the carrier Dopler shift by multiplying the correlation value with a stored complex constant corresponding to the Doppler contribution. The receiver provides coarsely quantized code delays to the correlator, and uses digital interpolation routines to estimate correlation values for code delays of interest, thus providing fine resolution in the code delay without using either a numerical control oscillator or crystal oven.

Claims

1. A direct sequence spread spectrum RF receiver for receiving and processing an RF signal having plural modulated channel component RF signals broadcast from plural sources, each channel component RF signal being a spread spectrum signal modulated in accordance with channel code, wherein the receiver comprises

A. means for receiving said plural component RF signals and forming from said component RF signals a linear composite RF signal,

B. baseband converter means for converting said linear composite RF signal to a baseband signal,

N-bit digitizing means for converting said baseband signal to a succession of N-bit digital signals at a sampling frequency, each digital signal being representative of a corresponding value of said baseband signal,

D. code generator means for generating a plurality of offset local code signals,

E. a correlator for correlating said N-bit digital signals with said plurality of offset local code signals and for producing plural digital signal/code correlation signals, each said signal/code correlation signal being representative of the correlation of said N-bit digital signal with a local code signal having a different offset, and

F. tracking means responsive to said correlation signals for tracking the code state and carrier of a component of said baseband signal derived from a modulated channel component RF signal broadcast from a single source.

2. A spread spectrum RF receiver according to claim 1, wherein the tracking means comprises vector processor means for linearly interpolating a fixed offset code correlation signal from said plural correlation signals.

3. A spread spectrum receiver according to claim 2, wherein the vector processor means further comprises means for multiplying a said correlation signal times a selected complex constant so as to remove a carrier Doppler component.

4. An RF receiver according to claim 1, wherein the tracking means further comprises

means for monitoring the correlation signals at discrete times so as to determine a code chip which is approximately synchronized with the code of a received signal, and

means for linearly interpolating a correlation signal for a code offset by a fixed interval from the code of the received signal.

5. An RF receiver according to claim 1, wherein the tracking means further comprises

means for comparing said plurality of correlation signals so as to determine an estimate of code offset, and

means for selecting one correlation signal of said plurality having a greatest code correlation with the received signal.

6. An RF receiver according to claim 1, wherein said baseband converter means converts said linear composite RF signal to baseband by mixing with a local oscillator signal synthesized from a crystal oscillator signal,

wherein the receiver further comprises

means for developing a reference signal representative of crystal temperature, and

digital means responsive to the reference signal for varying the local oscillator in accordance with a stored table of information representative of temperature dependent frequency characteristics of said crystal oscillator so as to correct said local oscillator signal for temperature dependent changes in frequency of said crystal oscillator.

7. An RF receiver according to claim 1, wherein said baseband converter means comprises

a crystal frequency source for generating a crystal frequency signal under uncontrolled temperature conditions,

means for synthesizing a synthesized local oscillator frequency signal at a selected multiple of the crystal frequency signal,

means for developing a reference signal representative of crystal temperature, and

digital means responsive to said reference signal and to a stored indication of variation of crystal frequency as a function of temperature, for producing a correction frequency equal to the selected multiple times a stored variation,

said correction frequency being applied to the synthesized local oscillator frequency to produce a digitally-corrected temperature independent local oscillator frequency, and wherein the digitally-corrected local oscillator frequency is provided to said baseband converter means for downconversion of said RF signal.