Apparatus for hemodialysis
First Claim
1. In an apparatus for hemodialysis which comprises a mixing system for supplying dialysis solution to a dialyzer (2) and a protective system (6, 7) independent of the mixing system for preventing the dialyzer from receiving dialysis solution which is dangerous to a patient, wherein the mixing system includes at least one source container for dialysis concentrate (4,5), at least one intake conduit (4a, 4b;
- 5a, 5b), a source of water (3), and a mixing means (1), and wherein said protective system includes a first conductivity cell (6) for monitoring conductivity of dialysis solution and at least a first monitoring stage, the improvement comprising;
at least one second conductivity cell (8,
9) in said intake conduit; and
a second protective system (8, 9,
7) comprising a means for monitoring a conductivity of dialysis concentrate through said second conductivity cell to apply an output signal from said second conductivity cell to a monitoring stage of said second protective system where a correct connection of the source container of dialysis concentrate exists and conductivity measured by said second conductivity cell is within a preset range and to emit an alarm or control signal from said monitoring stage of said second protective system where measured conductivity deviates from said preset range in order to detect incorrect connection of said dialysis concentrate container.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus for hemodialysis comprising a mixing means which prepares dialysis solution for a dialyzer by mixing concentrate with prepared water. The apparatus comprises a protective system which is independent of the mixing system and which is based on monitoring the conductivity of the dialysis solution. For protection against confusion of the concentrate containers to be connected, in the concentrate intake conduits conductivity measuring cells are additionally provided and the output signals thereof are compared with the desired values of the conductivity of the concentrates of the concentrate containers to be connected. In advantageous manner said conductivity cells are integrated into the concentrate intake conduits in such a way that they serve simultaneously as level sensors for the concentrate in the containers.
69 Citations
9 Claims
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1. In an apparatus for hemodialysis which comprises a mixing system for supplying dialysis solution to a dialyzer (2) and a protective system (6, 7) independent of the mixing system for preventing the dialyzer from receiving dialysis solution which is dangerous to a patient, wherein the mixing system includes at least one source container for dialysis concentrate (4,5), at least one intake conduit (4a, 4b;
- 5a, 5b), a source of water (3), and a mixing means (1), and wherein said protective system includes a first conductivity cell (6) for monitoring conductivity of dialysis solution and at least a first monitoring stage, the improvement comprising;
at least one second conductivity cell (8,
9) in said intake conduit; anda second protective system (8, 9,
7) comprising a means for monitoring a conductivity of dialysis concentrate through said second conductivity cell to apply an output signal from said second conductivity cell to a monitoring stage of said second protective system where a correct connection of the source container of dialysis concentrate exists and conductivity measured by said second conductivity cell is within a preset range and to emit an alarm or control signal from said monitoring stage of said second protective system where measured conductivity deviates from said preset range in order to detect incorrect connection of said dialysis concentrate container. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
- 5a, 5b), a source of water (3), and a mixing means (1), and wherein said protective system includes a first conductivity cell (6) for monitoring conductivity of dialysis solution and at least a first monitoring stage, the improvement comprising;
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9. In a method for hemodialysis using a hemodialysis apparatus which comprises a mixing system for supplying dialysis solution to a dialyzer and a protective system independent of the mixing system for preventing the dialyzer from receiving dialysis solution which is dangerous to a patient, wherein said mixing system includes at least one source container for dialysis concentrate, at least one intake conduit, a source of water, and a mixing means, and wherein said protective system includes a first conductivity cell for sensing conductivity of dialysis solution and a monitoring stage for monitoring conductivity of dialysis solution through said first conductivity cell, said method including the steps of mixing dialysis concentrate from said source container with water from said source of water to produce the dialysis solution, monitoring the conductivity of the dialysis solution through said first conductivity cell and preventing dialysis solution having a composition dangerous to the patient from reaching the dialyzer, the improvement comprising:
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providing at least one second conductivity cell in said intake conduit; monitoring conductivity of the dialysis concentrate through said second conductivity cell; applying an output signal from said second conductivity cell to a monitoring stage of a second protective system where correct connection of the dialysis concentrate container exists and conductivity measured by said second conductivity cell is within a preset range; and emitting an alarm or control signal from said second protective system where measured conductivity deviates from said preset range.
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Specification