Cryogenic liquid container

• US 4,899,546 A
• Filed: 11/02/1988
• Issued: 02/13/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Harsco Corporation
• Original Assignee: Harsco Corporation
• Inventors: Eigenbrod, Lester K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Capossela, Ronald C.
• Application Number:
  US07/265,903
• Time in Patent Office: 468 Days
• Field of Search: 62/45, 62/50
• US Class Current: 62/50.2
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 13/085 on wheels hand carts B62B
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2201/0109 with exteriorly curved end-piece
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2201/032 with substantially vertical main axis
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2201/056 Small (<1 m3)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2201/058 portable (<30 l)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/018 by attachment at the neck
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0391 by vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0629 Two walls
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0161 with wheels
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0329 manually actuated
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/011 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/014 Nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/016 Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0161 cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0302 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0374 in the liquid
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 9/02 with change of state, e.g. vaporisation

Abstract

A container for storing liquefied gas and for delivering the liquefied gas in either gas or liquid form is provided, the container having an inner vessel which holds the liquefied gas and an outer shell spaced apart therefrom, creating an evacuable space between the inner vessel and outer shell. The inner vessel is suspended from the outer shell by a necktube. An upper necktube support structure which minimizes necktube damage or rupture from impact or other lateral forces includes a lateral support disc extending across a space between a cylindrical collar surrounding a portion of the necktube and the interior surface of the upper head of the outer vessel. The lateral support disc and the cylindrical collar are spaced apart by an insulative annular sleeve, while the disc is supported at its peripheral edge on insulative bosses and is spaced from an insulative ring extending around the circumference of the interior surface to provide a double heat break. A lateral support structure of similar design is provided at a lower end of the inner vessel. The container further employs a heat exchanger integral with the wall of the outer vessel, a gas line withdrawal conduit telescoped within a liquid line withdrawal conduit, and an economizer circuit which affords simplicity of design and ease of manufacture.

Claims

1. A container for storing liquefied gas comprising:

an inner vessel having an opening in an upper portion thereof and adapted to hold said liquefied gas in an interior portion of said inner vessel;

an outer shell having an upper head, a lower head and a sidewall extending between said upper and said lower heads;

means for suspending said inner vessel from said outer shell, said suspending means being sealed to said opening in said inner vessel, wherein an evacuable space is created between said inner vessel and said outer shell; and

means for delivering said liquefied gas in a gaseous phase, said delivering means having a vaporizing circuit comprising a portion of said outer shell, said outer shell being so constructed and arranged to have an integral heat exchanger portion, said heat exchanger portion being constructed of an expanded metal and having an exterior portion exposed to an external atmosphere, said expanded metal having a fluid flow path traversing internally therethrough, means for withdrawing liquefied gas from said inner vessel, means for introducing said liquefied gas into said fluid flow path of said integral heat exchanger portion of said outer shell, and means for removing said gas after said gas has passed through said heat exchanger portion.

2. The container of claim 1 wherein said sidewall of said outer shell is cylindrical in shape and a portion of said cylindrical side wall comprises said integral heat exchanger portion of said vaporizing circuit.

3. A container for storing liquefied gas and delivering said liquefied gas on demand comprising:

an inner vessel having an opening therethrough and adapted to receive and store said liquefied gas;

an outer shell having an upper head, a lower head, and a sidewall extending between said upper and lower heads;

means for suspending said inner vessel from said outer shell, said suspending means further sealing said opening of said inner vessel and said outer shell to define an evacuable space therebetween;

wherein said sidewall of said outer shell is exposed to an external atmosphere and comprises a wall constructed of an expanded metal having a pair of spaced apart metal sheets, said metal sheets being in contact with each other only at intermittent locations, said space between said metal sheets having a plurality of separate predetermined flow paths extending therethrough, said plurality of flow paths being adapted to permit fluid flow therethrough.

4. The container of claim 3 further comprising means for delivering said liquefied gas in a gaseous form, said delivering means comprising conduit means for withdrawing liquefied gas from said inner vessel and for introducing said liquefied gas into a first end of a first one of said plurality of predetermined flow paths in said sidewall of said outer shell, thereby effecting heat transfer between said liquefied gas and an external atmosphere, and conduit means for receiving said gas from a second end of said first one of said predetermined flow paths for said delivery.

5. A container for storing liquefied gas and for delivering said liquefied gas in both gaseous and liquid form on demand comprising:

an inner vessel adapted to receive and store said liquefied gas, said inner vessel having an opening in a top portion thereof;

an outer shell having an upper head, a lower head and a sidewall extending between said upper and lower heads, said outer shell further having an opening in said upper head;

a necktube assembly extending between said opening in said upper head of said outer shell and said opening in said top portion of said inner vessel;

means for supporting said necktube assembly to said inner vessel, and

wherein said inner vessel is in fluid communication with a liquid dispensing circuit and a gas dispensing circuit, said liquid dispensing circuit having a liquid delivery conduit extending through said outer shell and said necktube into said inner vessel to a level in close proximity to a bottom of said inner vessel, and said gas dispensing circuit having a gas delivery conduit extending upwardly through said bottom of said inner vessel into an interior of said liquid delivery conduit in a telescoping manner, said gas delivery conduit having an external peripheral dimension which is smaller than an internal dimension of said liquid delivery conduit, wherein a spacing between said gas delivery conduit and said liquid delivery conduit is effected.

6. The container of claim 5 wherein said liquid dispensing circuit employing said liquid delivery conduit is also adapted to be used to fill said inner vessel with liquefied gas.

7. The container of claim 6 further comprising an economizer circuit having a bleed conduit containing a constant bleed orifice in an interior portion thereof, said conduit being disposed in fluid communication with said gas dispensing circuit and an upper gas containing portion of said inner vessel.

8. The container of claim 7 wherein said bleed conduit is connected to said liquid delivery conduit, and said liquid delivery conduit is in fluid communication with said gas delivery conduit.

9. The container of claim 8 wherein said economizer circuit further comprises a control valve operable to prohibit fluid flow in said economizer circuit when said valve is in a closed position.

10. A container for storing liquefied gas and delivering said liquefied gas on demand comprising:

an inner vessel having an opening therethrough and adapted to receive and store said liquefied gas;

an outer shell having an upper head, a lower head, and a sidewall extending between said upper and lower heads;

means for suspending said inner vessel from said outer shell, said suspending means further sealing said opening of said inner vessel and said outer shell to define an evacuable space therebetween;

wherein said sidewall of said outer shell comprises a wall constructed of an expanded metal having a pair of spaced apart metal sheets, said metal sheets being in contact with each other only at intermittent locations, said space between said metal sheets being adapted to permit fluid flow therethrough along a plurality of separate predetermined flow paths;

means for delivering said liquefied gas in a gaseous form, said delivering means comprising conduit means for withdrawing liquefied gas from said inner vessel and for introducing said liquefied gas into a first end of a first one of said plurality of predetermined flow paths in said sidewall of said outer shell, thereby effecting heat transfer between said liquefied gas and an external atmosphere, and conduit means for receiving said gas from a second end of said first one of said predetermined flow paths for said delivery; and

means for pressurizing the interior of said inner vessel, said pressurizing means comprising conduit means for withdrawing liquefied gas from a lower portion of said inner vessel and for introducing said liquefied gas into a first end of a second one of said plurality of predetermined flow paths in said sidewall of said outer shell, thereby effecting heat transfer between said liquefied gas and an external atmosphere, regulator means for regulating a flow through said flow path, and return conduit means for receiving said gas from a second end of said second one of said predetermined flow paths and for returning said gas to an upper portion of said inner vessel.

11. The container of claim 10 wherein said sidewall has at least one flow barrier disposed in said expanded metal wall, said flow barrier being so constructed and arranged to separate said first predetermined flow path from said second predetermined flow path.

12. The container of claim 11 wherein said second flow path comprises a path extending circumferentially around said sidewall at a lower portion thereof.

13. The container of claim 11 wherein said first flow path has a plurality of flow direction baffles, said first flow path thereby defined being a tortuous path from a lower portion of said sidewall to an upper portion of said sidewall.