Optical interface

• US 4,903,338 A
• Filed: 06/16/1989
• Issued: 02/20/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: AMP Limited
• Original Assignee: AMP Limited
• Inventors: Funke, Klaus E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Robert L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Van Beek, L.
• Application Number:
  US07/368,134
• Time in Patent Office: 249 Days
• Field of Search: 455/600, 455/606, 455/607, 455/608, 455/616, 455/617, 455/612
• US Class Current: 398/173
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/2931 using AGC H04B10/294 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/502 LED transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/695 Arrangements for optimizing the decision element in the receiver, e.g. by using automatic threshold control
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/801 using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections

Abstract

An optical interface which is adapted for use in a local area network is provided. The optical interface comprises an optical transmitter section and an optical receiver section. The optical transmitter section receives data in a non-return to zero inverted (NRZI) format from a LAN controller which the optical interface is part of a remote node. The optical transmitter section converts the non-return to zero inverted data to an alternate mark insertion (AMI) format. An LED driver circuit smooths out and extends the alternate mark insertion data and uses it to drive an LED. The LED driver alternately drives the LED from a fifty percent reference output level to zero percent output and one hundred percent output corresponding to alternate positive-going and negative-going transition of the data. The optical receiver section has a light sensitive detector and preamplifier which receives optical signals encoded with digital data and generates corresponding electrical signals. The electrical signals are processed by a peak pulse detector which is preferably a disk detector of the type used to detect signals generated by the read/write heads of magnetic disk media. The disk pulse detector generates unipolar digital signals corresponding to the AMI signals. A decoder converts the unipolar digital pulses to NRZI format. The NRZI data is communicated to a LAN controller when the optical receiver is part of a remote optical interface and to conventional LAN hub circuitry when it is part of a hub optical interface. The LED driver circuit comprises the entire transmitter section of a hub optical interface and receives data for transmission directly from the hub LAN circuitry.

Claims

1. An optical receiver, comprising:

light sensitive receiver means for receiving optical signals encoded with digital data comprising a plurality of optical pulses corresponding in time to selected state changes in said digital data and for producing electrical signals having pulses corresponding to said optical pulses;

peak pulse detector means responsive to the slope of said electrical signals for detecting peaks in said electrical signals and for generating peak detection output signals indicative of the occurrence of individual ones of the peaks of said pulses; and

means responsive to individual ones of said peak detection output signals for supplying output digital data pulses corresponding in time with each respective one of said peak detection output signals, said output digital data pulses forming a data output of said optical receiver, which data output is indicative of said encoded digital data.

2. The optical receiver defined in claim 1 wherein said optical pulses comprise bipolar alternate mark insertion pulses.

3. The optical receiver defined in claim 2 wherein said digital pulses comprise unipolar pulses corresponding in time to said alternate mark insertion pulses.

4. The optical receiver defined in claim 1, further comprising decoder means for converting said digital pulses into non-return to zero inverted digital data signals.

5. The optical receiver defined in claim 1 wherein said means for detecting peaks comprises a zero-slope detector.

6. The optical receiver defined in claim 5 wherein said zero-slope detector comprises a differentiator.

7. The optical receiver defined in claim 5 wherein said means for detecting peaks further includes means for determining when said electrical signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.

8. The optical receiver defined in claim 7 wherein said means for detecting peaks further includes means responsive to the outputs of both said threshold determining means and said zero-slope detector for generating said digital pulses.

9. The optical receiver defined in claim 8 wherein said means responsive to the outputs of said threshold determining means and said zero-slope detector comprises a flip-flop having a first control input and a second control input, the output of said threshold determining means connected to said first control input, and the output of said zero-slope detector connected to said second control input.

10. An optical interface, comprising:

an optical transmitter for transmitting optical signals encoded with input digital data comprising a plurality of optical pulses corresponding in time to selected state changes in said input digital data; and

an optical receiver comprising;

light sensitive receiver means for receiving said optical signals and producing electrical signals having a plurality of pulses corresponding to said optical pulses;

peak pulse detector means responsive to the slope of said electrical signals for detecting peaks in said electrical signals and for generating peak detection output signals indicative of the occurrence of individual ones of the peaks of said pulses in said electrical signals; and

means responsive to individual ones of said peak detection output signals for supplying output digital data pulses corresponding in time with each respective one of said peak detection output signals, said output digital data pulses forming a data output of said optical receiver, which data output is indicative of said encoded input digital data.

11. The optical interface defined in claim 10 wherein said optical pulses comprise bipolar alternate mark insertion pulses.

12. The optical receiver defined in claim 11 wherein said digital pulses comprise unipolar pulses corresponding in time to said alternate mark insertion pulses.

13. The optical interface defined in claim 10, further comprising decoder means for converting said digital pulses into non-return to zero inverted digital data signals.

14. The optical interface defined in claim 10 wherein said optical transmitter comprises:

means for receiving input digital data signals;

converter means connected to said means for receiving for generating bipolar alternate mark insertion pulses corresponding in time to state transitions of said digital data signals;

optical source means for generating optical signals; and

optical source driving means connected to said converter means and said optical source means for maintaining the output of said optical source means at a reference level comprising a selected percentage of full output and for driving said output between said reference level and a selected higher and a selected lower output level responsive to the states of said pulses to generate alternate mark insertion optical signals.

15. The optical interface defined in claim 14 wherein said digital data signals are non-return to zero inverted signals.

16. The optical transmitter defined in claim 14 wherein said optical source driving means comprises means for smoothing out said optical signals generated by said optical source means thereby reducing the effects of timing jitter on said optical signals.

17. The optical interface defined in claim 10 wherein said peak pulse detector comprises a zero-slope detector.

18. The optical interface defined in claim 17 wherein said peak pulse detector further includes means for determining when said electrical signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.

19. In an optical interface having an optical transmitter for transmitting optical signals encoded with digital data comprising optical pulses corresponding in time to selected state changes of said digital data and an optical receiver for receiving said optical signals, generating electrical signals corresponding thereto, and generating from said electrical signals digital data signals, the improvement comprising:

said optical receiver having peak pulse detector means responsive to the slope of said electrical signals for detecting peaks in said electrical signals corresponding to said optical pulses and for generating peak detection output signals indicative of the occurrence of individual ones of the peaks of said electrical signals corresponding to said optical pulses; and

means responsive to individual ones of said peak detection output signals for supplying output digital data pulses corresponding in time with each respective one of said peak detection output signals, said output digital data pulses forming a data output of said optical receiver, which data output is indicative of said encoded input digital data.

20. The optical interface defined in claim 19 wherein said optical pulses comprise bipolar alternate mark insertion pulses and wherein said digital pulses comprise unipolar digital pulses corresponding in time to said alternate mark insertion pulses.

21. The optical interface defined in claim 20 further comprising decoder means for converting said unipolar digital data signals into non-return to zero inverted digital pulses.

22. The optical interface defined in claim 19 wherein said peak pulse detector comprises a zero-slope detector.

23. The optical interface defined in claim 22 wherein said peak pulse detector further includes means for determining when said electrical signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.

24. In a local area network having a plurality of remote nodes interfaced to at least one central hub by a corresponding plurality of optical interfaces, each of said plurality of optical interfaces comprising an optical transmitter for transmitting optical signals encoded with digital data comprising a plurality of optical pulses corresponding in time to selected state changes in said digital data and an optical receiver for receiving said optical signals, generating electrical signals corresponding thereto, and generating from said electrical signals digital data signals, the improvement comprising:

said optical receiver having peak pulse detector means responsive to the slope of said electrical signals for detecting peaks in said electrical signals corresponding to said optical pulses and for generating peak detection output signals indicative of the occurrence of individual ones of the peaks of said electrical signals corresponding to said optical pulses; and

means responsive to individual ones of said peak detection output signals for supplying output digital data pulses corresponding in time with each respective one of said peak detection output pulses, said output digital data pulses forming a data output of said optical receiver, which data output is indicative of said encoded digital data.

25. The local area network defined in claim 24 wherein said optical pulses comprise alternate mark insertion pulses and wherein said digital pulses comprise unipolar digital pulses corresponding in time to said alternate mark insertion pulses.

26. The local area network defined in claim 25 further comprising decoder means for converting said unipolar digital pulses into non-return to zero inverted digital data signals.

27. The local area network defined in claim 25 wherein said peak pulse detector comprises a zero-slope detector.

28. The local area network defined in claim 27 wherein said peak pulse detector further includes means for determining when said electrical signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.