Portable light weight completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilator/resuscitator

• US 4,905,688 A
• Filed: 02/16/1989
• Issued: 03/06/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 02/16/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: AVOX Systems Inc (Safran SA)
• Original Assignee: Figgie International, Inc. (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Findlay, Thomas R. III, Vicenzi, Reno L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Eickholt, Eugene H.
• Application Number:
  US07/312,023
• Time in Patent Office: 383 Days
• Field of Search: 128/201.28, 128/204.21, 128/204.18, 128/204.25, 128/205.11, 128/205.12, 128/205.14, 128/205.15, 128/205.16, 128/205.18 , 128/205.24, 128/205.27, 128/206.12, 128/206.15, 128/201.25
• US Class Current: 128/204.21
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/00 Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes stimulating the respiratory movement by mechanical, pneumatic or electrical means, iron lungs combined with gas breathing means A61H31/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/107 in the inspiratory path
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/127 by Venturi effect, i.e. entrainment mixers

Abstract

A portable light weight completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilator/resuscitating apparatus (10) usable at the scene of an emergency by persons with minimal training. The apparatus (10) includes a housing assembly (12) which supports a solid state oxygen generator which also acts as a power supply, the generator being in the form of a chlorate candle (20). The housing additionally supports a pump (90) in the form of a venturi ejector, a two-position valve (92), and suitable primary controls (93) which are utilized to control the inspiratory:expiratory (I:E) ratio, the inspiratory time, the expiratory time, the breaths per minute, the flow rate, the tidal volume, the minute volume, etc. Various fluid passageways (54, 58, 116, 118) interconnect the candle with the valve, and additional fluid lines (120, 138, 140, 146, 148) interconnect the valve with the pump and primary controls. The primary controls include a fixed volume timing chamber (132) which is disposed about the venturi ejector. The housing is provided with a void (98) adjacent the timing chamber, which void acts as an accumulator during the expiratory cycle. While the two-position valve is normally automatically switched between inspiratory and expiratory positions by the pirmary control, it may be manually switched from its expiratory position to its inspiratory position against full pilot line pressure by a secondary control including a push button (152) or the like when the operator desire to give extra breaths or sigh breaths. In addition, the push button can be so positioned that the valve may be maintained in its inspiratory position, which may be desirable when the patient is breathing on his own and only requires extra oxygen over that which he would normally receive from ambient air.

Claims

1. A portable, light weight, completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilator/resuscitator apparatus capable of operating without attention in a resuscitating mode during operation of a power supply to cyclically force air and oxygen into a patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity during an inspiratory mode and then to permit the patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity to expire during an expiratory mode;

the apparatus comprising;

a housing assembly, a portion of the housing assembly defining an accumulator open at first and second ends;

a power supply carried by the housing assembly and having a discharge portion, the power supply being capable when in operation of discharging oxygen through the discharge portion over a period of time at a pressure sufficiently great to force oxygen into a patient'"'"'s lungs;

pump means carried by the housing assembly, the pump means having a suction portion, a discharge portion and a driving portion, the pump means being capable of being operated when the driving portion is operatively interconnected to the discharge portion of the power supply when the power supply is in operation, the pump means when being operated causing ambient air to be drawn into the pump means through the accumulator and suction portion, the ambient air to be mixed with oxygen within the pump means, and the mixed air and oxygen to be discharged through the discharge portion;

a two-position valve shiftable between inspiratory and expiratory positions and including an inlet port and first and second outlet ports, the valve when in the inspiratory position connecting the inlet port with the first outlet port, and the valve when in the expiratory position connecting the inlet port with the second outlet port;

first line means extending from the discharge portion of the power supply to the inlet port of the two-position valve;

further line means extending from the first and second outlet ports of the two-position valve to the driving portion of the pump means, the first end of the accumulator and to the suction portion of the pump;

outlet tubing having one end portion connected to the discharge portion of the pump means, and another end portion being adapted to be interconnected to a patient whereby mixed air and oxygen may be delivered to the patient during inspiratory operation of the ventilator/resuscitator; and

control means interconnected with the two-position valve and capable of shifting the two-position valve between inspiratory and expiratory positions.

2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the housing assembly is further provided with a filter disposed between the second end of the accumulator and ambient air, the pump means when powered causing ambient air to be drawn into the pump means through the filter, accumulator, and suction portion, respectively.

3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the control means includes a primary control means interconnected with the further line means and the two-position valve, the primary control means being capable of shifting the two-position valve from one position to another position after a predetermined time period.

4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein the primary control means includes a fixed volume timing chamber disposed about the pump means.

5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 4 wherein the further line means includes inspiratory line means which extends from the first outlet port to the driving portion of the pump means and supplemental air line means which extends from the second outlet port to the first end of the accumulator and to the suction side of the pump.

6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein the timing chamber is provided with first and second ports, and wherein the primary control means further includes first and second control lines extending between the inspiratory line means and the first port on the timing chamber, each of the first and second control lines including a check valve and a fixed orifice restrictor.

7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 6 wherein the control means further includes a pilot line extending between the second port on the timing chamber and one end of the two-position valve.

8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 7 further characterized by the provision of manually operable secondary control means capable when suitably operated of shifting the two-position valve from its expiratory position to its inspiratory position against full pilot line pressure.

9. A portable light weight, completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilaftor/resuscitator apparatus capable of operating without attention in a resuscitating mode during operation of a power supply to cyclically force air and oxygen into a patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity during an inspiratory mode and then to permit the patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity to expire during an expiratory mode;

the ventilator/resuscitator comprising;

a housing assembly;

power supply carried by the housing assembly and capable when in operation of discharging oxygen through a discharge portion over a period of time at a pressure sufficiently great to force oxygen into a patient'"'"'s lungs;

pump means disposed within the housing assembly, the pump means having a suction portion, a discharge portion and a driving portion, the pump means being capable of being operated when the driving portion is operatively interconnected to the discharge portion of the power supply and the power supply is in operation, the pump means when being operated causing ambient air to be drawn into the pump means through the suction portion, the ambient air to be mixed with oxygen within the pump means, and the mixed air and oxygen to be discharged through the discharge portion;

two-position valve shiftable between inspiratory and expiratory positions and including an inlet port and first and second outlet ports, the valve when in the inspiratory position connecting the inlet port with the first outlet port, and the valve when in the expiratory position connecting the inlet port with the second outlet port;

first line means extending from the discharge portion of the power supply to the inlet port of the two-position valve;

further line means extending from the first and second outlet ports of the two-position valve to the driving portion of the pump means, to a source of ambient air, and to the suction side of the pump;

control means interconnected with the further line means and the two-position valve, the control means being capable of shifting the two-position valve from one position to another position after a predetermined time period, the control means including primary control means housing a fixed volume timing chamber disposed about the pump means; and

outlet tubing having one end portion connected to the discharge portion of the pump means, and another end portion being adapted to be interconnected to a patient whereby mixed air and oxygen may be delivered to the patient during inspiratory operation of the ventilator/resuscitator.

10. The apparatus as set forth in claim 9 wherein the fixed timing volume chamber has first and second ports, the control further including first and second control lines extending between the further line means and the first port on the timing chamber, each of the first and second control lines including a check valve and a restrictor, and a pilot line extending between the second port on the timing chamber and one end of the two-position valve.

11. The apparatus as set forth in claim 10 further characterized by the provision of manually operable secondary control means capable when suitably operated of shifting the two-position valve from its expiratory position against full pilot line pressure.

12. The apparatus as set forth in claim 9 wherein the housing assembly is provided with an internal void, the second outlet port of the two-position valve being in communication with the void via the further line means when the two-position valve is i its expiratory position whereby oxygen discharged by the power supply will be received within the void, the void acting as an accumulator, the void being in communication with the source of ambient air.

13. The apparatus as set forth in claim 12 wherein the housing assembly carries a filter disposed between the void and the source ambient air.

14. The apparatus set forth in claim 12 wherein the further line means is provide with a restrictor capable of maintaining proper back pressure.

15. The apparatus as set forth in claim 9 wherein the further line means includes inspiratory line means which extends from the first outlet port of the two-position valve to the driving portion of the pump means, and supplemental air line means in the form of a void within the housing assembly, the supplemental air line means extending to the suction side of the pump.

16. A portable, light-weight, completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilator/resuscitator apparatus capable of operating without attention in a resuscitating mode during operation of a power supply to cyclically force air and oxygen into a patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity during an inspiratory mode and then to permit the patient'"'"'s respiratory cavity to expire during an expiratory mode;

the ventilator/resuscitator comprising;

a housing assembly;

power supply carried by the housing assembly and capable when in operation of discharging oxygen through a discharge portion over a period of time at a pressure sufficiently great to force oxygen into a patient'"'"'s lungs;

pump means disposed within the housing assembly, the pump means having a suction portion, a discharge portion and a driving portion, the pump means being capable of being operated when the driving portion is operatively interconnected to the discharge portion of the power supply and the power supply is in operation, the pump means when being operated causing ambient air to be drawn into the pump means through the suction portion, the ambient air to be mixed with oxygen within the pump means, and the mixed air and oxygen to be discharged through the discharge portion;

a two-position valve shiftable between inspiratory and expiratory positions and including an inlet port an first and second outlet ports, the valve when in the inspiratory position connecting the inlet port with the first outlet port, and the valve when in the expiratory position connecting the inlet port with the second outlet port;

power supply line means extending from the discharge portion of the power supply to the inlet port of the two-position valve;

inspiratory line means extending from the first outlet port of the two-position valve to the driving portion of the pump means and capable of delivering oxygen to the driving portion of the pump when the two-position valve is in its inspiratory position;

supplemental air line means interconnecting a source of ambient air with the suction side of the pump;

control means interconnected with the inspiratory line means and the two-position valve, the control means including primary control means capable of shifting the two-position valve from one position to another position after a predetermined time period, the primary control means including a timing volume chamber having first and second timing chamber ports, first and second control lines extending between the inspiratory line means and one of the timing chamber ports, each of the first and second control lines including a check valve and a fixed orifice restrictor, and pilot line means extending between the other timing chamber port and the two-position valve; and

outlet tubing having one end portion connected to the discharge portion of the pump means, and another end portion being adapted to be interconnected to a patient whereby air and oxygen may be delivered to the patient during inspiratory operation of the ventilator/resuscitator.

17. The apparatus as set forth in claim 16 wherein the supplemental air line means includes a void within the housing assembly which may act as an accumulator.

18. The apparatus as set forth in claim 17 wherein the supplemental air line means further includes a supplementary fluid line connected to the second outlet port of the two-position valve whereby oxygen may be discharged into the void when the two-position valve is in its expiratory position.

19. The apparatus as set forth in claim 18 wherein the supplementary fluid line is provided with a restrictor capable of maintaining proper back pressure.

20. The apparatus as set forth in claim 17 wherein the void is interconnected with ambient air disposed to the exterior of the housing assembly, the housing assembly carrying a filter which is disposed between the accumulator void and ambient air.

21. The apparatus as set forth in claim 16 further characterized by the provision of manually operable secondary control means capable when suitably operated of either shifting the two-position valve from its expiratory position to its inspiratory position against full pilot line pressure, or of maintaining the two-position valve in its inspiratory position against full pilot line pressure, the secondary control means being carried by the housing assembly.

22. A portable, light weight, completely self-contained emergency single patient ventilator/resuscitator apparatus capable of operating either with or without attention;

the ventilator/resuscitator comprising;

a housing assembly;

power supply carried by the housing assembly and capable when in operation of discharging oxygen through a discharge portion over a period of time at a pressure sufficiently great to force oxygen into a patient'"'"'s lungs;

pump means disposed within the housing assembly, the pump means having a suction portion, a discharge portion and a driving portion, the pump means being capable of being operated when the driving portion is operatively interconnected to the discharge portion of the power supply and the power supply is in operation, the pump means when being operated causing ambient air to be drawn into the pump means through the suction portion, the ambient air to be mixed with oxygen within the pump means, and the mixed air and oxygen to be discharged through the discharge portion;

a two-position valve shiftable between inspiratory and expiratory positions and including an inlet port and first and second outlet ports, the valve when in the inspiratory position connecting the inlet port with the first outlet port, and the valve when in the expiratory position connecting the inlet port with the second outlet port, the two-position valve normally being spring biased to its inspiratory position;

power supply line means extending from the discharge portion of the power supply to the inlet port of the two-position valve;

inspiratory line means extending from the first outlet port of the two-position valve to the driving portion of the pump means;

supplemental air line means interconnected at one end to a source of ambient air and extending to the suction side of the pump;

primary control means including a pilot line interconnected with the two-position valve and when suitably pressurized being capable of shifting the two-position valve against spring bias from its inspiratory position to its expiratory position, and when not suitably pressurized permitting spring bias to dispose the valve in its inspiratory position;

manually operable secondary control means capable when suitably operated of shifting the two-position valve from its expiratory position to its inspiratory position against full pilot line pressure; and

outlet tubing having one end portion connected to the discharge portion of the pump means, and another end portion being adapted to be interconnected to a patient whereby air and oxygen may be delivered to the patient during inspiratory operation of the ventilator/resuscitator.

23. The apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein the manually operable secondary control means is a push button which bears against that spring which biases the two-position valve to its inspiratory position, the push button capable of being locked in its down position.