Measuring with zero volume cell
First Claim
1. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
- contacting a concentrate of a determinable element capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium, wherein said determinable element is present in said concentrate in an amount related to the amount of analyte present in said sample;
reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate; and
detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said semiconductive electrode.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods and apparatuses are described for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing the analyte. The method comprises contacting a concentrate of a determinable element capable of being detected by means of a semiconductive electrode with the electrode in the presence of a relatively large volume of an assay medium. The determinable element is present in the concentrate in the amount related to the amount of analyte present in the sample. The volume of the medium in diffusive communication with the concentrate is then reduced and the determinable element is detected by means of the effect that the determinable element has on the semiconductive electrode.
652 Citations
30 Claims
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1. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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contacting a concentrate of a determinable element capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium, wherein said determinable element is present in said concentrate in an amount related to the amount of analyte present in said sample; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate; and detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said semiconductive electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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concentrating a determinable element nondiffusively bound to a member of a specific binding pair, said pair comprised of a label conjugate member and a homologous member, wherein said label is said determinable element, which determinable element is capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode, said concentrating being by means of complex formation of said specific binding pair, wherein the homologous member of said label conjugate member is bound to a solid support; contacting said concentrate of said determinable element with said electrode in the presence of a relatively large volume of an assay medium, wherein said determinable element is present in said concentrate in an amount related to the amount of analyte present in said sample; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate; and detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said semiconductive electrode. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11)
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12. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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contacting a concentrate of an enzyme capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium containing substrate for said enzyme, wherein a substrate or product of the reaction catalyzed by said enzyme is capable of being detected either directly or indirectly by said electrode and said enzyme is present in said concentrate in an amount related to the amount of analyte present in said sample; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate; and detecting said substrate or product by means of the effect said substrate or product has on said semiconductive electrode. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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passing an assay medium, containing a determinable element capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode, through a porous membrane to form a concentrate of said determinable element, wherein the amount of said determinable element which is capable of becoming trapped by said porous membrane is related to the amount of analyte in said sample; contacting said concentrate with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate by urging said porous membrane into close contact with said electrode, while insulating at least a portion of said membrane from the bulk portion of said medium; and detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said semiconductive electrode. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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22. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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contacting an assay medium, containing a determinable element capable of being detected with a semiconductive electrode, with a porous membrane having a solid support to form a concentrate of said determinable element, wherein the amount of said determinable element which is capable of becoming trapped by said porous membrane is related to the amount of analyte in said sample; contacting said concentrate with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate by urging said porous membrane into close contact with said electrode, while insulating at least a portion of said membrane from the bulk portion of said medium; and detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said semiconductive electrode. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A method for determining the presence of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing said analyte, which comprises:
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contacting a concentrate of a determinable element capable of being detected with an electrode with said electrode in the presence of a liquid assay medium, wherein said determinable element is present in said concentrate in an amount related to the amount of analyte present in said sample; reducing the volume of the medium in diffusive communication with said concentrate; and detecting said determinable element by means of the effect said determinable element has on said electrode.
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Specification