Microstrip antennas and multiple radiator array antennas
First Claim
1. A microstrip antenna comprising:
- a ground reference,a radiator in the form of a microstrip patch,a microstrip feedline connected at one end to an edge of said radiator, said radiator and feedline being coplanar,a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiator and said ground reference,a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between said feedline and said ground reference,said first dielectric constant being different than said second dielectric constant,said first dielectric constant being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, a selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiator,said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected low conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedline.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Microstrip antennas disclosed have one or a plurality of radiators arranged in selected arrays wherein a different and preferably lower dielectric layer is provided between the radiator and ground reference than between the feedline and ground reference. Relatively inexpensive and durable dielectric layers of polyethylene having a dielectric constant between 1.05 and 1.5 have been found suitable for between the radiator and ground reference and air for between the feedlines and ground reference. Arrays of four of the radiators disclosed provide for both horizontal and vertical polarization, isolated polarizations and circular polarization of wave energy. The radiators are series-corporate fed and corporate fed.
45 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, a radiator in the form of a microstrip patch, a microstrip feedline connected at one end to an edge of said radiator, said radiator and feedline being coplanar, a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiator and said ground reference, a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between said feedline and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different than said second dielectric constant, said first dielectric constant being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, a selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiator, said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected low conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedline. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8)
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6. An antenna as set forth in claim 6 wherein said polyolefin is polyethylene.
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9. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, first, second, third and fourth radiators spaced from one another with each radiator being a microstrip patch, said second radiator being disposed below said first radiator and said third radiator being to the right of said first radiator and said fourth radiator being disposed below said third radiator and to the right of said second radiator, a first microstrip feedline connected between the bottom and top edges of said first and second radiators, respectively, and a second microstrip feedline connected between the bottom and top edges of said third and fourth radiators, respectively, to form a set of two series-connected radiator arrays, a third microstrip feedline connected to the ends of said two series-connected arrays having portions in line with said first and second feedlines and a combining point midway between its ends for vertical polarization of wave energy, said third microstrip feedline being connected at its ends to said arrays at an edge of one of a radiator of each of said arrays opposite the connection of that radiator to said first and second feedlines, a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiators and said ground reference, a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between each of said feedlines and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different from said second dielectric constant to provide for a selected bandwidth, selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiators, said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected lower conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedlines. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, an array of first, second, third and fourth radiators spaced from one another with each radiator being in the form of a microstrip conductive patch, said second radiator being disposed to the right of said first radiator, said third radiator being below said first radiator and said fourth radiator being disposed below said first radiator and to the right of said third radiator, a first microstrip feedline connected between the bottom edges of said first radiator and second radiators, a first combining point on said first feedline midway between its ends, a second microstrip feedline connected between the bottom edges of said third and fourth radiators, a second combining point on said second feedline midway between its ends, a third microstrip feedline connected between said combining points, a feedpoint midway between the ends of said third feedline for vertical polarization of wave energy, a first dielectric layer having a first selected dielectric constant value disposed between said radiators and said ground reference, a second dielectric having a second selected dielectric constant value disposed between each of said feedlines and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different from said second dielectric constant value, said first dielectric constant value being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiators, said second dielectric constant being of a selected value to provide for selected lower conductive losses and low dielectric losses for said feedlines.
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20. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, a radiator in the form of a microstrip patch, a microstrip feedline connected at one end to an edge of said radiator, a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiator and said ground reference, a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between said feedline and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different than said second dielectric constant, said first dielectric constant being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, a selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiator, said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected low conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedline, said second dielectric layer being provided by having an air gap between said ground reference and said feedline.
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21. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, a radiator in the form of a microstrip patch, a microstrip feedline connected at one end to an edge of said radiator, a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiator and said ground reference, a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between said feedline and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different than said second dielectric constant, said first dielectric constant being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, a selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiator, said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected low conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedline, said radiator and feedline being made as a single integral strip of the same conductive material.
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22. A microstrip antenna comprising:
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a ground reference, a radiator in the form of a microstrip patch, a microstrip feedline connected at one end to an edge of said radiator, a first dielectric layer having a selected first dielectric constant disposed between said radiator and said ground reference, a second dielectric layer having a selected second dielectric constant disposed between said feedline and said ground reference, said first dielectric constant being different than said second dielectric constant, said first dielectric constant being selected to provide for a selected bandwidth, a selected beamwidth and a selected gain for said radiator, said second dielectric constant being selected to provide for selected low conductive losses and selected low dielectric losses for said feedline, and a carrier layer of generally uniform thickness supporting said radiator and feedline. - View Dependent Claims (23)
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Specification