Apparatus for the treatment of blood in particular for hemodialysis and hemofiltration
First Claim
1. An apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, comprising:
- an extracorporeal blood circuit which is formed by a blood tubing system;
means for dialyzing, filtering or both located in said extracorporeal blood circuit;
a first ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit upstream of the dialyzing and filtering means, comprising;
a first dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in said coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face;
ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face;
a second ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit downstream of the dialyzing and filter means, comprising;
a second dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face;
second ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face;
evaluating means for performing predetermined evaluating operations based on signals generated by the first and second flow sensors connected to the first and second flow sensors; and
withdrawal control means for controlling the withdrawal of fluid from the extracorporeal blood circuit via the dialyzer or filter means, based on said evaluating operations.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The apparatus for hemodialysis and hemofiltration comprises an extracorporeal blood circuit comprising a dialyzer and/or filter arrangement. For determining the fluid withdrawal per unit time and the total amount of fluid withdrawn flow sensors in conjunction with an evaluating unit are inserted into the blood circuit upstream and downstream of the dialyzer or filter arrangement. The flow measurement is by the ultrasonic Doppler principle and for obtaining high accuracy the sensors comprise measuring inserts belonging to the blood tubing system and having special means for defined coupling-in and coupling-out and precise conduction of the ultrasonic waves. Apart from the measurement, means are provided for regulating the net fluid withdrawal.
229 Citations
22 Claims
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1. An apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, comprising:
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an extracorporeal blood circuit which is formed by a blood tubing system; means for dialyzing, filtering or both located in said extracorporeal blood circuit; a first ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit upstream of the dialyzing and filtering means, comprising; a first dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in said coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; a second ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit downstream of the dialyzing and filter means, comprising; a second dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; second ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; evaluating means for performing predetermined evaluating operations based on signals generated by the first and second flow sensors connected to the first and second flow sensors; and withdrawal control means for controlling the withdrawal of fluid from the extracorporeal blood circuit via the dialyzer or filter means, based on said evaluating operations. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. The apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, comprising:
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an extracorporeal blood circuit which is formed by a blood tubing system; means for dialyzing, filtering or both located in said extracorporeal blood circuit; a first ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit upstream of the dialyzing and filtering means, comprising; a first dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; first ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer element having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; a second ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit downstream of the dialyzing and filter means, comprising; a second dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; second ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; first evaluating means connected to the first and second flow sensors, comprising; means for determining the difference between the flow rate through said first flow sensor and said second flow sensor; means for forming the time integral of the difference of the flow rates; means for displaying from said determining means the amount of fluid withdrawn from a patient per unit time and the total amount of fluid withdrawn from a patient; withdrawal control means for controlling the withdrawal of fluid from the extracorporeal blood circuit via the dialyzer or filter means, based on said evaluating operations; infusion control means connected to said blood circuit for controlling the infusion into said blood circuit of an infusion solution; and second evaluating means for performing predetermined evaluating operations for automatic control of said infusion control means. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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19. An apparatus for the extracorporeal treatment of blood, comprising:
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an extracorporeal blood circuit which is formed by a blood tubing system; means for dialyzing, filtering or both located in said extracorporeal blood circuit including a first chamber through which blood flows and a second chamber through which dialysis fluid or withdrawal of filtrate flows, the first and second chambers separated by a semipermeable membrane across which a transmembrane pressure differential is maintained; a first ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit upstream of the dialyzing and filtering means, comprising; a first dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; second ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; a second ultrasonic flow sensor located in said extracorporeal blood circuit downstream of the dialyzing and filter means, comprising; a second dimensionally stable measuring insert inserted into the blood tubing system having a defined flow cross-section and lateral extensions for coupling-in and coupling-out and conducting of ultrasonic waves, each said extension having at one end a coupling face; second ultrasonic transducers with piezoelectric transducer elements having coupling pieces connected thereto and disposed such that each said coupling piece is in mechanical engagement with a corresponding coupling face; first evaluating means connected to the first and second flow sensors, comprising; means for determining the difference between the flow rate through said first flow sensor and said second flow sensor; means for forming the time integral of the difference of the flow rates; means for displaying from said determining means the amount of fluid withdrawn from a patient per unit time and the total amount of fluid withdrawn from a patient; withdrawal control means for controlling the withdrawal of fluid from the extracorporeal blood circuit via the dialyzer or filter means, based on said evaluating operations; pressure control means connected to the first evaluating means for automatic setting of the transmembrane pressure; and a drive-motor actuated throttle connected to the pressure control means and located downstream of the filtering and dialyzing means for controlling fluid flow through the blood circuit. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22)
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Specification