Fuel tank having ballistic protection bladder

• US 4,925,057 A
• Filed: 05/23/1989
• Issued: 05/15/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Childress, James J., Holtrop, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Foster, Jimmy G.
• Application Number:
  US07/355,698
• Time in Patent Office: 357 Days
• Field of Search: 169/45, 169/66, 114/343, 220/1 B, 220/85 B, 220/85 S, 220/88 A, 220/88 B, 220/88 R, 220/403, 220/426, 244/135 B, 244/135 R, 280/832, 280/834
• US Class Current: 244/135.00R
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 15/077 with means modifying or controlling distribution or motion of fuel, e.g. to prevent noise, surge, splash or fuel starvation
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2015/03381 for preventing explosions
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 37/06 Constructional adaptations thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 37/32 Safety measures not otherwise provided for, e.g. preventing explosive conditions extinguishing or preventing fires in aircraft A62C
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/22 Safety features floating covers B65D88/34; arrangements of indicating or measuring devices B65D90/48; fire-fighting A62C
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/325 due to explosion, e.g. inside the container safely destroying explosive ammunition or similar F42B39/14; in buildings E04B1/98
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/44 by use of inert gas for filling space above liquid or between contents

Abstract

A plurality of resilient bladders filled with an inert gas line the walls of a fuel tank to protect fuel in the tank from explosion or leakage in the event that the tank is punctured by a ballistic projectile. The thickness of the bladders is controlled by a plurality of cords extending from one side of each bladder to the other. The inert gas is continuously supplied to the bladders so that the gas escaping from a puncture in a bladder prevents fuel from leaking from the tank through the puncture. During normal operation, the gas is vented into the tank to fill the ullage space of the tank with the insert gas. A conduit extends into the tank through the bladder. The walls of the bladder are sealed to each other around the conduit, thereby making it unnecessary to seal the walls of the bladder to the conduit.

Claims

1. An apparatus for protecting a fuel tank from explosion and leaking after penetration by a ballistic projectile, comprising a flexible bladder lining the inside of said tank, said bladder being filled with a pressurized inert gas.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said bladder further includes nonresilient webs extending from one side of said bladder to the other to control the thickness of said bladder when said bladder is pressurized by said inert gas.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further including gas supply means for supplying bladder with said pressurized inert gas, said apparatus further including a relief valve in said bladder opening into the interior of said tank so that the ullage space of said tank is filled with said inert gas.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further including gas supply means for supplying said bladder with said pressurized inert gas, said gas supply means depressurizing said bladder to collapse said bladder when said tank is full of fuel and then pressurizing said tank to expand said bladder as fuel is removed from said tank.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a conduit penetrates said tank and extends through said bladder, and wherein said bladder includes a pair of walls that are sealed to each other around said conduit in the area that said conduit extends through said bladder, thereby making it unnecessary to provide a seal between said conduit and the walls of said bladder.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the interior wall of said bladder forms a lobe around said conduit so that the interior wall of said bladder extends over the portion of said bladder where the walls of said bladder are sealed to each other and closely surrounds said conduit.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said bladder further includes nonresilient webs extending from one side of said bladder to the other to control the thickness of said bladder when said bladder is pressurized by said inert gas, said webs being absent from the portion of said bladder forming said lobe.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, further including an attachment flange extending radially from said conduit around its circumference, and wherein the walls of said bladder that are sealed to each other around said conduit are attached to said flange, thereby securing said bladder to said conduit.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, further including a second attachment flange extending radially from said conduit around its circumference, said flanges tightly gripping the walls of said bladder that are sealed to each other between said flanges.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, further including gas supply means for continuously supplying said bladder with said pressurized inert gas so that in the event said bladder is punctured by a ballistic projectile, the gas escaping from said bladder prevents fuel from escaping through the puncture in said bladder.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said fuel tank is lined with a plurality of nonoverlapping bladders that are penumatically isolated from each other so that a puncture of one of said bladders does not affect the pressurization of the remaining bladders.

12. The method of protecting a fuel tank from explosion and leaking after penetration by a ballistic projectile, comprising lining the inside of said tank with a flexible, fluid-impermeable bladder and filling said bladder with a pressurized inert gas.

13. The method of claim 12, further including the steps of continuously supplying said inert gas to said bladder and venting said gas from said bladder into the interior of said tank so that the ullage space of said tank is filled with said inert gas.

14. The method of claim 12, further including the steps of depressurizing said bladder to collapse said bladder when said tank is full of fuel and then pressurizing said tank to expand said bladder as fuel is removed from said tank.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein a conduit penetrates said tank and extends through said bladder, and wherein said method further includes the step of sealing the walls of said bladder to each other around said conduit, thereby making it unnecessary to provide a seal between said conduit and the walls of said bladder.

16. The method of claim 12, further including the steps of continuously supplying said bladder with said pressurized inert gas so that in the event said bladder is punctured by a ballistic projectile, the gas escaping from said bladder prevents fuel from escaping through the puncture in said bladder.