Immobilized artificial membranes
First Claim
1. A composition of matter comprisinga particulate support material,a synthetic membrane structure on the surface of said support material, said membrane structure comprising a hydrophilic outer portion and a hydrophobic inner portion and further comprising a layer of molecules of an amphiphilic compound, said molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions forming the outer and inner portions, respectively, of the membrane structure, said amphiphilic compounds selected from the group consisting of amphiphilic compound constituents of biological cell membranes and liposome-forming amphiphilic compounds, andmeans for immobilizing the membrane structure on the surface of the support material.
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Abstract
Methods and materials are described for the preparation of novel immobilized membrane compositions. The described compositions are useful for evaluating membrane association charcteristics of chemical compounds, and as a chromatographic support material for separation/purification of biomolecules and particularly those expressed by genetically transformed cells as novel hybrid proteins having covalently bound membrane-binding peptides. Novel phospholipid carboxylates are useful intermediates for the preparation of chromatography supports having surfaces formed as covalently bound artificial membranes which simulate natural cellular membranes. The immobilized membrane compositions are adapted for use in chromatographic systems to study interactions of biologically active substances with membranes in vitro. The immobilized membranes are expected to find use for vaccine production, protein purification, chiral separations/synthesis, as a combination reverse phase/normal phase HPLC support material, and for drug screening.
83 Citations
57 Claims
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1. A composition of matter comprising
a particulate support material, a synthetic membrane structure on the surface of said support material, said membrane structure comprising a hydrophilic outer portion and a hydrophobic inner portion and further comprising a layer of molecules of an amphiphilic compound, said molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions forming the outer and inner portions, respectively, of the membrane structure, said amphiphilic compounds selected from the group consisting of amphiphilic compound constituents of biological cell membranes and liposome-forming amphiphilic compounds, and means for immobilizing the membrane structure on the surface of the support material.
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2. The composition of claim 58 wherein the means for immobilizing the membrane structure on the surface of the support material comprises divalent functional groups covalently bonded to the surface of the support material and to the amphiphilic molecules forming the membrane structure.
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24. A method for utilizing the membrane-association characteristics of chemical compounds to separate said compounds from compounds having dissimilar membrane-association characteristics, said method comprising the steps of contacting said compounds with the surface of a synthetic membrane-bearing chromatography support material in the presence of a mobile phase and
separating said mobile phase from said chromatography support material, said chromatography support material comprising a support surface, a synthetic membrane structure on the support surface, and means for immobilizing the membrane structure on the support surface, said membrane structure comprising a hydrophilic outer portion and a hydrophobic inner portion and further comprising a layer of molecules of an amphiphilic compound, said molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions forming the outer an dinner portions, respectively, of the membrane structure, said amphiphilic compounds selected from the group consisting of amphiphilic compound constituents of biological cell membranes and liposome-forming amphiphilic compounds.
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38. A method for evaluating the membrane-association characteristics of a chemical compound, said method comprising the steps of contacting said compound with the surface of a synthetic membrane-bearing chromatography support material in the presence of a mobile phase, and separating said mobile phase from said chromatography support material, said synthetic membrane-bearing chromatography support material comprising
a support surface, a synthetic membrane structure on the support surface, and means for immobilizing the membrane structure on the support surface, said membrane structure comprising a hydrophilic outer portion and a hydrophobic inner portion and further comprising a layer of molecules of an amphiphilic compound, said molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions forming the outer and inner portions, respectively, of the membrane structure, said amphiphilic compounds selected from the group consisting of amphiphilic compound constituents of biological cell membranes and liposome=forming amphiphilic compounds.
- 46. The method of claim 46 wherein the amphiphilic compound is selected from the group consisting of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, N-methyl phosphatidylethanolamine, N,N-dimethylphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol.
- 52. A chromatography support material comprising a particulate support and a membrane mimetic structure comprising phosphate diester groups of the formula -CH2 OPO2 OR1 covalently bonded to the surface of said support material, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of 2-aminoethyl, 2-(N-methylamino)ethyl, 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl, 2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl, 2-carboxy-2-aminoethyl, inosityl, glyceryl, and galactopyranosyl.
- 56. In a chromatographic system comprising a mobile phase and a solid chromatography support material having a stationary phase on the surface of said support material, the improvement consisting essentially of forming said stationary phase as a synthetic membrane immobilized on the surface of the support material, said synthetic membrane comprising a hydrophilic outer portion and a hydrophobic inner portion and further comprising a layer of molecules of an amphiphilic compound, said molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions forming the outer and inner portions, respectively, of the synthetic membrane stationary phase, said amphiphilic compounds selected from the group consisting of amphiphilic compound constituents of biological cell membranes and liposome-forming amphiphilic compounds.
Specification