Solid cast warewashing composition; encapsulated bleach source

• US 4,933,102 A
• Filed: 01/12/1989
• Issued: 06/12/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ecolab, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Ecolab, Inc.
• Inventors: Olson, Keith E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Clingman, A. Lionel
• Application Number:
  US07/296,844
• Time in Patent Office: 516 Days
• Field of Search: 252/174, 252/135, 252/90, 252/99, 252/134
• US Class Current: 510/224
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 17/0039 Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 17/0052 Cast detergent compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/06 Phosphates, including polyphosphates
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/08 Silicates
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/395 Bleaching agents

Abstract

Solid cast detergent-containing articles are produced for use in automatic washing machines. A liquid detergent composition is cast into a mold where it is allowed to solidify. The cast detergent composition includes alkali metal metasilicate, alkali metal condensed phosphate, an encapsulated bleaching source, and water for hydration. The composition optionally further includes a dye, a perfume, a surfactant, a defoamer, an additional sequestering agent such as an alkali metal salt of a polyacrylic compound, a neutral soluble salt such as an alkali metal sulphate or an alkali metal chloride, an alkali compound such as an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal sesquicarbonte, an alkali metal borate, or mixtures thereof.

Claims

1. A solid cast warewashing composition which comprises:

(a) about 20 to 55 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition and calculated on an anhydrous basis, of a hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate composition;

(b) about 1 to 70 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali metal condensed phosphate composition, having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify;

(c) about 0.2 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an encapsulated bleaching source which comprises;

(i) a bleaching agent core;

(ii) an inner coating of a separating compound in an amount sufficient to retard any chemical interaction between the bleaching agent core and an outer coating compound; and

(iii) an outer coating of an encapsulating amount of a water soluble cellulose ether compound selected from the group consisting of (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof; and

(d) about 8 to 60 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, water.

2. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 1 wherein the inner coating compound of the encapsulated bleaching source comprises a water-soluble coating compound.

3. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 1 wherein the bleaching agent core comprises a core of an active chlorine releasing bleach.

4. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 1 wherein the hydratable crystalline alkali metal silicate has the formula (M₂ O)_x :

(SiO₂)_y wherein M is an alkali metal and the ratio of x;

y is about 1;

1 to about 3;

1.

5. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 1 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate composition is hydrated.

6. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 1 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate comprises a hydrated alkali metal tripolyphosphate.

7. A solid cast warewashing composition which comprises:

(a) about 20 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition and calculated on an anhydrous basis, of a hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate composition;

(b) about 15 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali metal condensed phosphate composition, having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify;

(c) about 0.1 to 15 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an encapsulated bleaching source which comprises;

(i) a bleaching agent core;

(ii) an inner coating of a separating compound in an amount sufficient to retard any chemical interaction between the bleaching agent core and an outer coating compound; and

(iii) an outer coating of an encapsulating amount of a water soluble cellulose ether compound selected from the group consisting of (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof; and

(d) about 8 to 35 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, water.

8. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 7 wherein the inner coating compound of the encapsulated bleaching source comprises a water-soluble coating compound.

9. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 7 wherein the bleaching agent core comprises a core of an active chlorine releasing bleach.

10. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 7 wherein the hydratable crystalline alkali metal silicate has the formula (M₂ O)_x :

(SiO₂)_y wherein M is an alkali metal and the ratio of x;

y is about 1;

1 to about 3;

1.

11. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 7 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate composition is hydrated.

12. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 7 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate comprises a hydrated alkali metal tripolyphosphate.

13. A method of cleaning ware which comprises the steps of:

(a) contacting a solid cast warewashing composition and water to form an aqueous cleaning solution; and

(b) contacting soiled ware with the cleaning solution so as to remove soil from the soiled ware;

wherein the solid cast warewashing composition comprises;

(i) about 20 to 55 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition and calculated on an anhydrous basis, of a hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate;

(ii) about 1 to 70 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali metal condensed phosphate composition, having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify; and

(iii) about 0.1 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an encapsulated bleaching source which comprises;

(1) a bleaching agent core;

(2) an inner coating of a separating compound in an amount sufficient to retard any chemical interaction between the bleaching agent core and an outer coating compound; and

(3) an outer coating of an encapsulating amount of a water soluble cellulose ether compound selected from the group consisting of (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof; and

(iv) about 8 to 60 wt-% water, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the inner coating compound of the encapsulated bleaching source comprises a water-soluble coating compound.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the bleaching agent core comprises a core of an active chlorine releasing bleach.

16. The method of claim 13 wherein the solid cast warewashing composition comprises (i) about 20 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition and calculated on an anhydrous basis, of the hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate and (ii) about 15 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of the alkali metal condensed phosphate having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify.

17. The method of claim 13 wherein the hydratable crystalline alkali metal silicate has the formula (M₂ O)_x :

(SiO₂)_y wherein M is an alkali metal and the ratio of x;

y is about 1;

1 to about 3;

1.

18. The method of claim 13 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate composition is hydrated.

19. The method of claim 13 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate comprises a hydrated alkali metal tripolyphosphate.

20. A method of making a solid cast warewashing composition which comprises the steps of:

(a) combining about 8 to 60 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, water and about 20 to 55 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of a hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate composition to form an aqueous composition;

(b) heating the aqueous composition to a temperature of about 35°

C. to 99°

C.;

(c) cooling the hydrated alkali metal silicate to a temperature below about 65°

C.;

(d) combining about 1 to 70 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, alkali metal condensed phosphate composition having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify, and the cooled hydrated alkali metal silicate composition to form a mixture;

(e) cooling the mixture to below about 55°

C.;

(f) combining the cooled mixture and about 0.1 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an encapsulated bleaching source to form a liquid detergent composition;

the encapsulated bleaching source comprising;

(i) a bleaching agent core;

(ii) an inner coating of a separating compound in an amount sufficient to retard any chemical interaction between the bleaching agent core and an outer coating compound; and

(iii) an outer coating of an encapsulating amount of a water soluble cellulose ether compound selected from the group consisting of (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, carboxy (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, (C_1-4) alkyl hydroxy (C_1-4) alkyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof; and

(g) casting the liquid detergent composition into a container to form the solid cast warewashing composition.

21. The solid cast warewashing composition of claim 20 wherein the inner coating compound of the encapsulated bleaching source comprises a water-soluble coating compound.

22. The method of claim 20 wherein the bleaching agent core comprises a core of an active chlorine source.

23. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 10 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of a dye with the composition after step (b).

24. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 10 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of a perfume with the composition after step (f).

25. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 15 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of a surfactant with the composition after step (b).

26. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali metal salt of a polyacrylic acid compound with the composition after step (b).

27. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition of a neutral soluble salt selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal sulfate and an alkali metal chloride compound with the composition after step (b).

28. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 15 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of a defoamer with the composition after step (b).

29. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0 to 30 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, soluble alkali metal silicates with the formula (M₂ O)_x :

(SiO₂)_y wherein M is an alkali metal and the ratio of x;

y is about 1.0;

1.6 to 1.0;

3.75, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, alkali metal borates and mixtures thereof with the composition after step (b).

30. The method of claim 20 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate has a particle size of about 10 to 40 U.S. Mesh.

31. The method of claim 20 wherein the cast liquid detergent composition is mixed in the container before solidifying.

32. The method of claim 20 wherein the encapsulated bleaching source and the cooled mixture are combined by dispersing the encapsulated bleaching source in the mixture prior to casting.

33. The method of claim 20 wherein (i) about 8 to 35 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, water and about 20 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, hydratable, crystalline alkali metal silicate composition are combined to form the aqueous composition, and (ii) about 15 to 40 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, alkali metal condensed phosphate composition having sufficient water of hydration to allow the cast warewashing composition to solidify, is combined with the cooled hydrated alkali metal silicate composition to form the mixture, and (iii) about 0.1 to 15 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, encapsulated bleaching source is combined with the cooled mixture to form the liquid detergent composition.

34. The method of claim 20 wherein the aqueous composition is heated to about 65°

C. to 85°

C. for at least 10 minutes.

35. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of combining about 0.1 to 20 wt-%, based upon the solid cast warewashing composition, of an alkali metal salt of a polyacrylic acid compound with the composition prior to the addition of the encapsulate.

36. The method of claim 20 wherein the alkali metal condensed phosphate composition is hydrated.

37. The method of claim 20 wherein the mixture is cooled to about 48°

to 55°

C.