Multi-axis trackball

• US 4,933,670 A
• Filed: 07/21/1988
• Issued: 06/12/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Picker International, Inc. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Picker International, Inc. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Wislocki, Nicholas C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Moore, David K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FATAHI YAR, MAHMOUD
• Application Number:
  US07/222,417
• Time in Patent Office: 691 Days
• Field of Search: 340/706, 340/709, 340/710, 273/148 B, 74/471 XY, 178/18, 364/518
• US Class Current: 345/167
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0312 for tracking the rotation of a spherical or circular member, e.g. optical rotary encoders used in mice or trackballs using a tracking ball or in mouse scroll wheels tracking relative movement in co-operation with a regularly or irregularly patterned surface, e.g. as in optical mice G06F3/0317; constructional details of scroll or thumb-wheels G06F3/0362; optical rotary encoders G01D5/3473
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03549 Trackballs G06F3/03541 takes precedence

Abstract

A first electromechanical transducer (40) generates a first electrical signal indicative of rotation of a ball (A) relative to a first axis. A second electromechanical transducer (50) generates a second electrical signal indicative of rotation of the ball relative to a second axis. A third electromechanical transducer (60) generates a third electrical signal indicative of rotation of an annular ring (12) around the periphery of the ball, i.e. a third axis. A resolver circuit (D) converts the first, second, and third electrical signals into an indication of movement or position along the first, second, and third axes.

Claims

1. A multi-axis electromechanical indicator apparatus comprising:

a rotatably mounted ball;

a first motion sensor means for sensing rotation of the ball relative to a first axis;

a second motion sensor means for sensing rotation of the ball relative to a second axis;

a first peripheral member mounted adjacent a periphery of the ball for movement therearound;

a third motion sensing means for sensing rotation of the first peripheral member relative to the ball;

a second peripheral member mounted for movement around the periphery of the ball; and

a fourth motion sensing means for sensing rotation of the second peripheral member relative to the ball.

2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 further including a resolver means for converting the sensed motion of the ball and peripheral members into an indication of movement relative to at least three axes.

3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of the peripheral members is a ring member that extends circumferentially around the periphery of the ball.

4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein the ring member has an angled upper surface.

5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 4 wherein the ring member upper surface is generally tangential to the ball.

6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein the ring member has a textured surface to facilitate manual grasping.

7. A method of encoding information, the method comprising:

rotating a ball;

sensing rotation of the ball relative to a first axis;

sensing rotation of the ball relative to a second axis;

rotating a first member around a periphery of the ball;

sensing rotation of the first member about the periphery of the ball;

rotating a second member around the periphery of the ball; and

sensing the rotation of the second member about the ball.

8. The method as set forth in claim 7 further including converting the sensed rotation of the ball about the first axis into a first signal, converting the sensed rotation of the ball relative to the sensed axis into a second signal, and converting the sensed rotation of the first and second members into third and fourth signals.

9. The method as set forth in claim 8 further including converting the first, second, third, and fourth signals into an indication of movement or position relative to at least three axes.

10. The method as set forth in claim 7 further including sensing rotation of the ball relative to a third axis.

11. A multi-axis indicator for indicating movement relative to three mutually perpendicular axes, the indicator comprising:

a rotatably mounted ball;

a peripheral member mounted adjacent a periphery of the ball for rotational movement around the ball;

a first motion sensor means for sensing rotation of the ball relative to a first axis;

a first electromechanical transducer for converting the sensed rotation of the ball relative to the first axis into a first electrical signal;

a second motion sensor means for sensing rotation of the ball relative to a second axis;

a second electromechanical transducer for converting the sensed rotation of the ball relative to the second axis into a second electrical signal;

a third motion sensor means for sensing rotation of the peripheral member around the periphery of the ball;

a third electromechanical transducer for converting the sensed rotation of the peripheral member relative to the periphery of the ball into a third electrical signal;

a resolver for converting the first signal into an indication of distance along the first axis, for converting the second electrical signal into an indication of distance along the second axis, and for converting the third electrical signal into an indication of angular rotation around the third axis proportional to the rotation of the peripheral member around the ball.

12. A method for encoding displacement and rotation relative to three axes, the method comprising:

sensing rotation of a ball relative to first and second axes;

converting the sensed rotation into an indication of displacement of an image along the first axis and an indication of displacement of an image along the second axis;

sensing movement of a member around a periphery of the ball;

converting the sensed movement into an indication of rotation around a third axis.